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1. Novel method for the formation of monodisperse superheated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets as activatable ultrasound contrast agents

Author:
Armstrong, A. M.,   et al.   ; de Gracia Lux, C.; Vezeridis, A. M.; Lux, J.; Sirsi, S. R.; Hoyt, K.; Mattrey, R. F.;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
RSC advances 2017 v.7 no.77 pp. 48561-48568
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
acoustics; antibodies; body temperature; cell adhesion molecules; droplets; image analysis; light scattering; manufacturing; microbubbles; perfluorocarbons; ultrasonics; volatilization
Abstract:
... Microbubble (MB) contrast agents have positively impacted the clinical ultrasound (US) community worldwide. Their use in molecular US imaging applications has been hindered by their limited distribution to the vascular space. Acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) of nanoscale superheated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (NDs) demonstrates potential as an extravascular contrast agent that could facilitat ...
DOI:
10.1039/c7ra08971f

2. Phytophthora austrocedrae emerges as a serious threat to juniper (Juniperus communis) in Britain

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Green, S.; Elliot, M.; Hendry, S. J.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Plant pathology 2015 v.64 no.2 pp. 456-466
ISSN:
0032-0862
Subject:
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana; Juniperus communis; Libocedrus chilensis; Phytophthora; Xanthocyparis nootkatensis; dieback; drainage; internal transcribed spacers; leaves; loci; mortality; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; streams; trees; Argentina; England; Scotland
Abstract:
... From 2011 to 2013, Phytophthora austrocedrae was isolated from diseased Juniperus communis exhibiting dieback and mortality at eight geographically separate sites in Scotland and northern England. The pathogen was also confirmed present either by standard PCR of the ITS locus and sequencing or by real‐time PCR on J. communis with symptoms at a further 11 sites in northern Britain. Out of 167 J. co ...
DOI:
10.1111/ppa.12253

3. Infection strategy of Ramularia collo‐cygni and development of ramularia leaf spot on barley and alternative graminaceous hosts

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Kaczmarek, M.; Piotrowska, M. J.; Fountaine, J. M.; Gorniak, K.; McGrann, G. R. D.; Wright, K. M.; Newton, A. C.; Havis, N. D.;     Show all 9 Authors
Source:
Plant pathology 2017 v.66 no.1 pp. 45-55
ISSN:
0032-0862
Subject:
Ramularia; barley; chloroplasts; confocal microscopy; conidiophores; crops; fungi; genetically modified organisms; grasses; hosts; leaf spot; light microscopy; mesophyll; perennials; stomata; temperate zones; winter wheat
Abstract:
... Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) is a newly important disease of barley across temperate regions worldwide. Despite this recent change in importance, the infection biology of the causal agent Ramularia collo‐cygni (Rcc) remains poorly understood. Confocal microscopy of the infection process of two transgenic Rcc isolates, expressing either GFP or DsRed reporter markers, was combined with light microscopy ...
DOI:
10.1111/ppa.12552

4. Multi-scale relationship between peatland vegetation type and dissolved organic carbon concentration

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Holden, J.; Luxton, K.; Quinton, J.N.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Ecological engineering 2012 v.47 pp. 182-188
ISSN:
0925-8574
Subject:
Calluna; Cyperaceae; Molinia; Sphagnum; aquatic ecosystems; botanical composition; carbon cycle; climate change; dissolved organic carbon; drinking water; national surveys; peatlands; rivers; surface water; vegetation types; water treatment
Abstract:
... Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a key component of the carbon cycle and has significant impacts on aquatic ecosystems and potable water treatment. Upward trends in river and lacaustrine DOC concentrations have been observed and a number of key drivers have been proposed. Here, we present DOC concentration data from plot scale pore waters at one site and surface water from artificial drains sampl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.06.027

5. In situ Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy study during cycling of Li₂FeSiO₄ and Li₂.₂Fe₀.₉SiO₄ Li ion battery materials

Author:
Armstrong, A. Robert,   et al.   ; Brownrigg, Alexander W.; Mountjoy, Gavin; Chadwick, Alan V.; Alfredsson, Maria; Bras, Wim; Billaud, Juliette; Bruce, Peter G.; Dominko, Robert; Kelder, Erik M.;     Show all 10 Authors
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2015 v.3 no.14 pp. 7314-7322
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; cathodes; chemical bonding; electrolytes; iron; lithium batteries; silicon; stoichiometry
Abstract:
... In situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) results are presented for Li₂FeSiO₄ and Li₂.₂Fe₀.₉SiO₄, promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The aims are to establish the valence and local structure of Fe during charge and discharge to understand if the Fe³⁺/Fe⁴⁺ redox pair can be reached in the current battery design. It is found that the valence state changes between Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺, ...
DOI:
10.1039/c4ta06305h

6. β-NaMnO2: A High-Performance Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Author:
Armstrong, A. Robert,   et al.   ; Billaud, Juliette; Clément, Raphaële J.; Canales-Vázquez, Jesús; Rozier, Patrick; Grey, Clare P.; Bruce, Peter G.;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2014 v.136 no.49 pp. 17243-17248
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; batteries; cathodes; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; sodium; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... There is much interest in Na-ion batteries for grid storage because of the lower projected cost compared with Li-ion. Identifying Earth-abundant, low-cost, and safe materials that can function as intercalation cathodes in Na-ion batteries is an important challenge facing the field. Here we investigate such a material, β-NaMnO₂, with a different structure from that of NaMnO₂ polymorphs and other co ...
DOI:
10.1021/ja509704t

7. Adoption of the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program in the New York City watershed: the role of farmer attitudes

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Ling, E.J.; Stedman, R.; Kleinman, P.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Journal of soil and water conservation 2011 v.66 no.5 pp. 337
ISSN:
0022-4561
Subject:
Conservation Reserve Program; agricultural land; attitudes and opinions; cities; conservation practices; farm structure; farmers; land policy; landowners; riparian buffers; water supply; watersheds; New York
Abstract:
... Despite widespread adoption of conservation practices by farmers in the Cannonsville watershed, part of the New York City water supply system, there is considerable resistance to riparian buffer practices of the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP). Traditional approaches to promoting CREP adoption, based on the adoption-diffusion model, were not effective in promoting CREP. We surveyed ...
Handle:
10113/54116
DOI:
10.2489/jswc.66.5.337

8. Controls over nutrient dynamics in overland flows on slopes representative of agricultural land in North West Europe

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Quinton, J.N.; Francis, B.; Heng, B.C.P.; Sander, G.C.;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Geoderma 2011 v.164 no.1-2 pp. 2-10
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
European Union; agricultural land; carbon; models; nitrogen content; nutrient content; nutrients; rain; rain intensity; risk assessment; runoff; sediments; silt loam soils; water quality; Europe
Abstract:
... Several models and risk assessments that estimate nutrient transfer from agricultural land have been developed. The majority of these associate increased particulate or total nutrient transfer with increased slope and do not make any inferences on the impact of slope on the transfer of nutrients in solution. These models and risk assessments are increasingly used for water quality assessments as p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.04.011

9. Processes controlling the development of a shielding layer on natural soil

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Quinton, J. N.; Heng, B. C. P.; Sander, G. C.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
European journal of soil science 2012 v.63 no.1 pp. 54-64
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
compacted soils; loam soils; metals; microorganisms; nutrients; process control; rainfall simulation; sand; sediment transport; silt; silt loam soils
Abstract:
... A significant amount of research focusing on the formation of surface seals and crusts and their effect on erosion can be found in the literature. In contrast, there has been limited research investigating the formation of surface shields, a layer of loose coarse sediment on the soil surface, despite the consequences for the transport of sediment, nutrients, metals and microorganisms. This study u ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2011.01416.x

10. The effects of burning and sheep-grazing on water table depth and soil water quality in a upland peat

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Worrall, F.; Adamson, J.K.;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2007 v.339 no.1-2 pp. 1-14
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
peatlands; prescribed burning; Calluna vulgaris; water table; sheep; grazing intensity; water quality; soil water; soil pH; dissolved organic carbon; upland soils; England
Abstract:
... Rotational burning of heather to improve grazing and grouse breeding is a common management practice for upland catchments in the UK. However, the effects of such practices on hydrology and water quality are not well understood because the timescale of burning rotation is typically between 7 and 20 years thus requiring long-term experiments in order to resolve the effects. Furthermore, land manage ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.12.025

11. Short-term impact of peat drain-blocking on water colour, dissolved organic carbon concentration, and water table depth

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Worrall, F.; Holden, J.;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2007 v.337 no.3-4 pp. 315-325
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
peat; drainage water; water pollution; dissolved organic carbon; groundwater; color; hydrochemistry; water table; drainage; England
Abstract:
... Water discolouration is a major management problem for UK water companies as a proportion of the supply relies on runoff from peat-covered catchments. Many peats have been drained using surface ditches but this has been shown to lead to more severe water discolouration. Drain-blocking is now actively encouraged in UK peatlands to promote peatland habitats and water companies are considering fundin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.01.046

12. Ensuring the safety of vaccine cell substrates by massively parallel sequencing of the transcriptome

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Onions, D.; Côté, C.; Love, B.; Toms, B.; Koduri, S.; Chang, A.; Kolman, J.;     Show all 8 Authors
Source:
Vaccine 2011 v.29 no.41 pp. 7117-7121
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
Betaretrovirus; Nodaviridae; Porcine circovirus-1; Trichoplusia ni; genome; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; insects; transcriptome; transcriptomics; vaccines; viruses
Abstract:
... Massively parallel, deep, sequencing of the transcriptome coupled with algorithmic analysis to identify adventitious agents (MP-Seq™) is an important adjunct in ensuring the safety of cells used in vaccine production. Such cells may harbour novel viruses whose sequences are unknown or latent viruses that are only expressed following stress to the cells. MP-Seq is an unbiased and comprehensive meth ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.071

13. The impact of peatland drain-blocking on dissolved organic carbon loss and discolouration of water; results from a national survey

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Holden, J.; Kay, P.; Francis, B.; Foulger, M.; Gledhill, S.; McDonald, A.T.; Walker, A.;     Show all 8 Authors
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2010 v.381 no.1-2 pp. 112-120
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
water quality; peatlands; dissolved organic carbon; color; drainage; drainage water; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Peatlands are important terrestrial carbon stores but their environmental degradation has led to concerns of increased carbon loss. Many peatlands have been drained using open ditches and this practice has been associated with enhanced dissolved organic carbon loss and water discolouration. Recent peatland restoration schemes have therefore included the blocking of peatland drains as a strategy fo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.11.031

14. Drain-blocking techniques on blanket peat: A framework for best practice

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Holden, J.; Kay, P.; Foulger, M.; Gledhill, S.; McDonald, A.T.; Walker, A.;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2009 v.90 no.11 pp. 3512-3519
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
decision support systems; peatlands; best management practices; dams (hydrology); land restoration; drainage; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in artificial drain-blocking in world peatlands. The UK blanket peatlands have been severely drained over the past few decades but now drains are being blocked in an attempt to improve peatland environments. The drain-blocking has been a disparate process with limited knowledge transfer between organisations and within organisations operating in d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.06.003
PubMed:
19576680

15. Single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes: considerations for study design in islet transplantation models

Author:
Armstrong, A S,   et al.   ; Deeds, M C; Anderson, J M; Gastineau, D A; Hiddinga, H J; Jahangir, A; Eberhardt, N L; Kudva, Y C;     Show all 8 Authors
Source:
Laboratory animals 2011 v.45 no.3 pp. 131-140
ISSN:
1758-1117
Subject:
animal models; diabetes mellitus; drugs; experimental design; mice; mortality; streptozotocin
Abstract:
... Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) offers a very cost-effective and expeditious technique that can be used in most strains of rodents, opening the field of DM research to an array of genotypic and phenotypic options that would otherwise be inaccessible. Despite widespread use of STZ in small animal models, the data available concerning drug preparation, dosing and administration, ...
DOI:
10.1258/la.2010.010090
PubMed:
21478271
PubMed Central:
PMC3917305

16. Microsatellite standardization and evaluation of genotyping error in a large multi-partner research programme for conservation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Author:
Armstrong, A.,   et al.   ; Ellis, J. S.; Gilbey, J.; Balstad, T.; Cauwelier, E.; Cherbonnel, C.; Consuegra, S.; Coughlan, J.; Cross, T. F.; Crozier, W.; Dillane, E.; Ensing, D.; García de Leániz, C.; García-Vázquez, E.; Griffiths, A. M.; Hindar, K.; Hjorleifsdottir, S.; Knox, D.; Machado-Schiaffino, G.; McGinnity, P.; Meldrup, D.; Nielsen, E. E.; Olafsson, K.; Primmer, C. R.; Prodohl, P.; Stradmeyer, L.; Vähä, J.-P.; Verspoor, E.; Wennevik, V.; Stevens, J. R.;     Show all 30 Authors
Source:
Genetica 2011 v.139 no.3 pp. 353-367
ISSN:
0016-6707
Subject:
DNA; DNA fragmentation; Salmo salar; alleles; genotyping; loci; microsatellite repeats; mortality; research programs
Abstract:
... Microsatellite genotyping is a common DNA characterization technique in population, ecological and evolutionary genetics research. Since different alleles are sized relative to internal size-standards, different laboratories must calibrate and standardize allelic designations when exchanging data. This interchange of microsatellite data can often prove problematic. Here, 16 microsatellite loci wer ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10709-011-9554-4
PubMed:
21279823
PubMed Central:
PMC3059809