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1. Isolation of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridioides difficile in diarrheic and nondiarrheic cats

Author:
Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira; Ribeiro, Marcio Garcia; de Paula, Carolina Lechinski; Pires, Isadora Honorato; Oliveira Junior, Carlos Augusto; Diniz, Amanda Nadia; de Araújo Nunes, Talita Augusto; Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.62 pp. 102164
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium difficile; Clostridium perfringens,   etc   ; cats; feces; genes;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The occurrence and characteristics of Clostridioides (previously Clostridium) difficile and Clostridium perfringens in the feces of diarrheic and non-diarrheic cats was investigated. Apparently healthy animals were more likely to be positive for C. perfringens type A (p = 0.009). Two isolates (0.7%), one each from a diarrheic and an apparently healthy cat, were positive for the enterotoxin-encodin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102164

2. The diagnostic performance and accuracy of 3 molecular assays for the detection of Clostridium difficile in stool samples, compared with the Xpert® C. difficile assay

Author:
Azrad, Maya; Tkhawkho, Linda; Hamo, Zohar; Peretz, Avi
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2020 v.168 pp. 105784
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
Clostridium difficile,   etc   ; algorithms; feces;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... This research compares the performance and diagnostic accuracy of three molecular tests for the detection of Clostridium difficile in stool samples, with the Xpert® C. difficile assay.Fifty-nine positive and twenty-five stool negative samples were analyzed by the BDmax™ Cdiff, the Simplexa C. difficile Direct, and the GenomEra™ C. difficile, and compared with the Xpert® C. difficile routinely used ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105784

3. Bacteremia due to a toxin A-negative, B-positive Clostridioides difficile ribotype 017 strain

Author:
Kachrimanidou, Melina; Protonotariou, Efthymia; Kaiafa, Georgia; Ζtrieva, Eleftheria; Skoura, Lemonia; Savopoulos, Christos; Kuijper, Ed
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.63 pp. 102195
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium difficile,   etc   ; bacteremia; diarrhea; hospitals; patients;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. Although the incidence of C. difficile-associated diarrhea is increasing worldwide, bacteremia due to C. difficile is relatively rare and represents the least frequent extra-colonic manifestation of C. difficile infection.To date, only 60 C. difficile bacteremia cases with detailed clinical patient characteristics hav ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102195

4. Isolation of Clostridioides difficile from different outdoor sites in the domestic environment

Author:
Janezic, Sandra; Smrke, Julija; Rupnik, Maja
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.62 pp. 102183
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium difficile,   etc   ; composts; edaphic factors; ribotypes;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Clostridioides difficile was isolated from 12 of 25 samples collected from the gardens of five individual houses and 132 isolates belonged to 12 PCR ribotypes. Compost material had the highest positivity rate and the highest PCR ribotype diversity in comparison to soil from vegetable and flower gardens. Isolated PCR ribotypes overlap with common human and animal types but also with divergent C. di ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102183

5. Bezlotoxumab for prevention of Clostridium difficile infection recurrence: Distinguishing relapse from reinfection with whole genome sequencing

Author:
Zeng, Zhen; Zhao, Hailong; Dorr, Mary Beth; Shen, Judong; Wilcox, Mark H.; Poxton, Ian R.; Guris, Dalya; Li, Junhua; Shaw, Peter M.
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.61 pp. 102137
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium difficile,   etc   ; relapse; ribotypes; sequence analysis;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bezlotoxumab has been shown to prevent Clostridium difficile infection recurrence (rCDI) in high-risk patients.We used whole genome sequencing to estimate the impact of bezlotoxumab on same-strain relapse or new-strain reinfection in MODIFY I/II trials. Reinfection with a new strain and relapse with the same strain were differentiated by the comparison of ribotype (RT) and pair-wise single-nucleot ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102137

6. Direct conversion of untreated cane molasses into butyric acid by engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum

Author:
Guo, Xiaolong; Fu, Hongxin; Feng, Jun; Hu, Jialei; Wang, Jufang
Source:
Bioresource technology 2020 v.301 pp. 122764
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Clostridium acetobutylicum; Clostridium tyrobutyricum,   etc   ; batch fermentation; butyric acid; carbon; feedstocks; fructose; gene overexpression; glucose; molasses; sucrose;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The sucrose metabolic genes (scrA, scrB and scrK) from C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 were successfully overexpressed in C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755, endowing it with the ability to co-utilize sucrose, fructose and glucose in the cane molasses. As a result, the engineering strain C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755/scrBAK produced 18.07 g/L and 18.98 g/L butyric acid when sucrose and cane molasses were used a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122764

7. Gas gangrene in mammals: a review

Author:
Junior, Carlos A. Oliveira; Silva, Rodrigo O. S.; Lobato, Francisco C. F.; Navarro, Mauricio A.; Uzal, Francisco A.
Source:
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2020 v.32 no.2 pp. 175-183
ISSN:
1943-4936
Subject:
Clostridium chauvoei; Clostridium novyi; Clostridium perfringens,   etc   ; Clostridium septicum; Clostridium sordellii; case studies; etiological agents; financial economics; gas gangrene; horses; muscles; ruminants; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); wild animals;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gas gangrene is a necrotizing infection of subcutaneous tissue and muscle that affects mainly ruminants and horses, but also other domestic and wild mammals. Clostridium chauvoei, C. septicum, C. novyi type A, C. perfringens type A, and C. sordellii are the etiologic agents of this disease, acting singly or in combination. Although a presumptive diagnosis of gas gangrene can be established based o ...
DOI:
10.1177/1040638720905830
PubMed:
32081096
PubMed Central:
PMC7081496

8. Unveiling the mechanisms of medium-chain fatty acid production from waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation liquor through physiological, thermodynamic and metagenomic investigations

Author:
Wu, Shu-Lin; Sun, Jing; Chen, Xueming; Wei, Wei; Song, Lan; Dai, Xiaohu; Ni, Bing-Jie
Source:
Water research 2020 v.169 pp. 115218
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
Clostridium botulinum; Clostridium kluyveri; Clostridium magnum,   etc   ; activated sludge; bioenergy; biosynthesis; butanol; chemical oxygen demand; energy; ethanol; fermentation; heat production; medium chain fatty acids; metagenomics; microbial communities; wastewater treatment;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Effective sludge treatment with bioenergy production is attracting increasing interests as large quantities of waste activated sludge (WAS) are produced during the wastewater treatment. In this study, a new biotechnical process for converting the WAS alkaline fermentation liquor (WASAFL) into valuable, easy-separated medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) through chain elongation (CE) was investigated, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2019.115218

9. Detection of Psychrophilic Clostridium spp. Causing “Blown Pack” Spoilage in Meat Juice Samples from Chilled Vacuum-Packed Beef and Lamb Meat Imported from Different Countries to Switzerland

Author:
Wambui, Joseph; Puntener, Sabrina; Corti, Sabrina; Cernela, Nicole; Stephan, Roger
Source:
Journal of food protection 2020 v.83 no.1 pp. 56-59
ISSN:
0362-028X
Subject:
Clostridium estertheticum; Clostridium frigidicarnis; Clostridium gasigenes,   etc   ; beef; lamb meat; meat juices; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; risk; spoilage; vacuum packaging; Australia; Lithuania; New Zealand; Spain; Switzerland;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... “Blown pack” spoilage (BPS) of chilled vacuum-packed meat is mainly caused by anaerobic and psychrophilic Clostridium spp., including C. estertheticum, C. gasigenes, C. frigoriphilum, and C. frigidicarnis. Recently, its occurrence has been reported in several countries, especially in internationally traded meat. Therefore, this study aimed at detecting the occurrence of psychrophilic Clostridium s ...
DOI:
10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-19-321

10. Extraintestinal Clostridium difficile infection: Scrotal abscess

Author:
Basnet, Nishraj; Thapaliya, Sabin; Shrotriya, Shiva; Kar, Papia; Mitra, Subhashis
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.61 pp. 102147
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium difficile,   etc   ; abscess; antibiotics; males; morbidity; mortality; patients; surgery;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Clostridium difficile infection is one of the most common causes of healthcare-associated morbidity and mortality. ExtraintestinalC. difficile infection is extremely rare; though a variety of infections involving different organs have been reported. We report the first case of scrotal abscess due toC. difficile in an 84 year old male following left inguinal herniorrhaphy. Patient underwent surgica ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102147

11. The early stage peptidoglycan biosynthesis Mur enzymes are antibacterial and antisporulation drug targets for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection

Author:
Sapkota, Madhab; Marreddy, Ravi K.R.; Wu, Xiaoqian; Kumar, Manish; Hurdle, Julian G.
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.61 pp. 102129
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium difficile,   etc   ; biosynthesis; cell division; drugs; enzymes; fosfomycin; peptidoglycans; sporulation;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sporulation during Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) contributes to recurrent disease. Cell division and sporulation both require peptidoglycan biosynthesis. We show C. difficile growth and sporulation is attenuated by antisenses to murA and murC or the MurA inhibitor fosfomycin. Thus, targeting the early steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis might reduce the onset of recurrent CDI. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102129

12. Efficient isopropanol biosynthesis by engineered Escherichia coli using biologically produced acetate from syngas fermentation

Author:
Yang, Hao; Zhang, Can; Lai, Ningyu; Huang, Bing; Fei, Peng; Ding, Dawei; Hu, Peng; Gu, Yang; Wu, Hui
Source:
Bioresource technology 2020 v.296 pp. 122337
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Clostridium acetobutylicum; Clostridium beijerinckii,   etc   ; Escherichia coli; acetates; acetone; biosynthesis; cost effectiveness; feedstocks; fermentation; isopropyl alcohol; synthesis gas;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The shortage of food based feedstocks is a challenge in industrial biomanufacturing. In this study, genetically modified Escherichia coli strains were used to produce isopropanol as the mainly product from acetate, a cost-effective nonfood-based substrate. The isopropanol biosynthesis pathway was constructed by combining genes from Clostridium acetobutylicum (thlA, adc), E. coli (atoDA) and Clostr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122337

13. Towards enhanced n-butanol production from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate: Strain screening, and the effects of sugar concentration and butanol tolerance

Author:
Zetty-Arenas, Ana Maria; Alves, Rafael Ferraz; Portela, Carla Andreia Freixo; Mariano, Adriano Pinto; Basso, Thiago Olitta; Tovar, Laura Plazas; Maciel Filho, Rubens; Freitas, Sindelia
Source:
Biomass and bioenergy 2019 v.126 pp. 190-198
ISSN:
0961-9534
Subject:
Clostridium acetobutylicum; Clostridium beijerinckii; Clostridium saccharobutylicum,   etc   ; Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum; biocatalysts; butanol; carbon; feedstocks; fermentation; glucose; hydrolysates; lignocellulose; screening; sugarcane bagasse; xylose;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Robust strains are essential towards success of n-butanol production from lignocellulosic feedstock. To find a suitable strain to convert a non-detoxified hemicellulosic hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse, we first assessed the performance of four wild-type butanol-producing Clostridium strains (C. acetobutylicum DSM 6228, C. beijerinckii DSM 6422, C. saccharobutylicum DSM 13864, and C. saccharoperb ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.05.011

14. Antibiotic resistance, genome analysis and further safe traits of Clostridium perfringens ICVB082; a strain capable of producing an inhibitory compound directed only against a closely related pathogenic strain

Author:
Vieco-Saiz, Nuria; Belguesmia, Yanath; Vachée, Anne; Le Maréchal, Caroline; Salvat, Gilles; Drider, Djamel
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.62 pp. 102177
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium cadaveris; Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium sporogenes,   etc   ; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; carboxylic ester hydrolases; chickens; cross resistance; genes; heat treatment; metabolites; necrotic enteritis; pH; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis; virulence; virulent strains;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Eleven strains of clostridia were isolated from chickens suffering from necrotic enteritis (NE) disease, and were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as C. perfringens (Clin1, ICVB079, ICVB080, ICVB081, ICVB082, ICVB083, ICVB085, ICVB088, ICVB089, ICVB090), C. sporogenes (ICVB086) and C. cadaveris (ICVB087). These novel strains were then characterized for their pathoproperties including their sensit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102177

15. Butyric acid production from spent coffee grounds by engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum overexpressing galactose catabolism genes

Author:
He, Feifei; Qin, Shiwen; Yang, Zhi; Bai, Xuehui; Suo, Yukai; Wang, Jufang
Source:
Bioresource technology 2020 v.304 pp. 122977
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Clostridium acetobutylicum; Clostridium tyrobutyricum,   etc   ; Rhodophyta; batch fermentation; biomass; bioreactors; butyric acid; carbon; galactose; gene overexpression; glucose; hydrolysates; lignocellulose; spent coffee grounds;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Clostridium tyrobutyricum cannot utilize galactose, which is abundant in lignocellulose and red algae, as a carbon source for butyric acid production. Hence, when using galactose-rich coffee ground hydrolysate as the substrate, the fermentation performance of C. tyrobutyricum is poor. In this work, a recombinant strain, C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25755/ketp, overexpressing galactose catabolism genes (g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122977

16. Clostridium sordellii–associated gas gangrene in 8 horses, 1998–2019

Author:
Sacco, Sofia C.; Ortega, Joaquín; Navarro, Mauricio A.; Fresneda, Karina C.; Anderson, Mark; Woods, Leslie W.; Moore, Janet; Uzal, Francisco A.
Source:
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2020 v.32 no.2 pp. 246-251
ISSN:
1943-4936
Subject:
Clostridium perfringens A; Clostridium sordellii,   etc   ; cellulitis; etiological agents; fluorescent antibody technique; gas gangrene; horses; humans; immunohistochemistry; polymerase chain reaction; ruminants; septic shock;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gas gangrene occurs in several animal species and is caused by one or more clostridial species. In horses, the disease is most often caused by Clostridium perfringens type A. Although Clostridium sordellii has been associated with gas gangrene in ruminants and humans, cases of the disease associated with this microorganism have not been described in horses, to our knowledge. We report herein 8 cas ...
DOI:
10.1177/1040638719877844
PubMed:
31585515
PubMed Central:
PMC7081493

17. Performance evaluation of a new matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, ASTA MicroIDSys system, in bacterial identification against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria

Author:
Kim, Dokyun; Ji, Seungeun; Kim, Jung Rim; Kim, Myungsook; Byun, Jung-Hyun; Yum, Jong Hwa; Yong, Dongeun; Lee, Kyungwon
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.61 pp. 102131
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
Clostridium difficile; Clostridium perfringens,   etc   ; Bacteroides; Finegoldia magna; anaerobes; bacteria; computer software; desorption; matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry; ribosomal RNA; species identification; South Korea;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been introduced for bacterial identification. The ASTA MicroIDSys system (ASTA, Suwon, Korea) is a new MALDI-TOF MS system developed for species identification of microorganisms. We evaluated the performance of MicroIDSys against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.A total of 370 non-duplicated clin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102131

18. Chitosan attenuates obesity by modifying the intestinal microbiota and increasing serum leptin levels in mice

Author:
Tang, Di; Wang, Yihua; Kang, Wenyan; Zhou, Jiannan; Dong, Rui; Feng, Qiang
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2020 v.64 pp. 103659
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
Clostridium cocleatum; Clostridium leptum,   etc   ; Coprobacillus cateniformis; blood serum; chitosan; food additives; glucose tolerance; high fat diet; inflammation; intestinal microorganisms; leptin; low fat diet; mice; obesity; prebiotics; weight loss;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chitosan has been applied as a food additive due to its prebiotic functions, while the relationship between changes in the intestinal microbiota caused by chitosan and weight loss remains unclear. This study confirmed the weight control effect of chitosan in the context of high-fat diet consumption. Interestingly, chitosan increased the serum leptin level in the high-fat diet groups and increased ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2019.103659

19. Expression of D-psicose-3-epimerase from Clostridium bolteae and Dorea sp. and whole-cell production of D-psicose in Bacillus subtilis

Author:
Wei, Hongbei; Zhang, Ruoxuan; Wang, Leyi; Li, Donglong; Hang, Fangxue; Liu, Jidong
Source:
Annals of microbiology 2020 v.70 no.1 pp. 9
ISSN:
1590-4261
Subject:
Clostridium,   etc   ; Bacillus subtilis; catalytic activity; cell growth; enzymes; fermentation; fructose; genes; isomerization; pH; plasmids; psicose;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: D-psicose-3-epimerase (DPEase) catalyses the isomerisation of D-fructose to D-psicose, a rare sugar in nature with unique nutritional and biological functions. An effective industrial-scale method is needed for D-psicose production. Herein, the expression of a neutral and a slightly acidic pH DPEase in Bacillus subtilis was evaluated. METHODS: Two DPEase genes from Clostridium bolteae and ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13213-020-01548-x

20. Comparison of pulsed light inactivation kinetics and modeling of Escherichia coli (ATCC-29055), Clostridium sporogenes (ATCC-7955) and Geobacillus stearothermophilus (ATCC-10149)

Author:
John, Dalia; Ramaswamy, Hosahalli S.
Source:
Current research in food science 2020 v.3 pp. 82-91
ISSN:
2665-9271
Subject:
Clostridium sporogenes,   etc   ; Escherichia coli K12; Geobacillus stearothermophilus; energy; models; trays; vegetative cells;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pulsed light (PL) inactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli K-12, Clostridium sporogenes and Geobacillus stearothermophilus were evaluated under different treatment conditions. The PL system was factory set to operate at three pulses per second with a pulse width of 360 μs exposing samples placed on one of the 9 trays on a rack. Two PL parameters were evaluated in the study: number of pulses (a ti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.crfs.2020.03.005