Due to a lapse in federal funding, this USDA website will not be actively updated. Once funding has been reestablished, online operations will continue.
×
... The liberalization process of European electricity markets has been a work in progress since early reforms beginning in the 1990's. A key goal of these reforms was to enable increased integration and attendant efficiency within these markets. In this paper, we analyse three major European electricity markets - (APXUK, NordPool and Phelix) – before and after the 2009/72/EC Directive was introduced, ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; economic incentives; issues and policy; politics; surveys; Europe; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... With the introduction of the Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe (2011) and the more recent commitment of The Action Plan towards the Circular Economy (2015), the European Commission (EC) has expressed its fundamental interest to substantially improve the resource efficiency of the European economy and enable the transition towards the Circular Economy (CE). This policy push has meanwhile been ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; chefs; cities; consumers (people); cuisine; ingredients; lifestyle; modernization; restaurants; Europe; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... This article researches the Europeanisation of the restaurant scenes in Sofia and Belgrade, capitals of an actual EU member-state and an aspiring one. By comparing the representations of foreign cuisines in aspects such as presumed depth and breadth of customers’ knowledge, incorporation of culinary terms, use of authentic ingredients and presence of native chefs, the research establishes similari ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; compliance; conservation status; fish; food labeling; markets; seafoods; supply chain; traceability; trade; trademarks; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Species substitution, favoured by the high supply chain complexity and the huge number of marketable species, poses economic and health issues and contribute to stocks exploitation. To face this issue, the current EU Regulation no. 1379/2013 imposes to the Member States to publish a list reporting the official designations, corresponding to species scientific names, accepted within the national te ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; animal-based foods; desorption; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; rapid methods; roxithromycin; screening; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The relatively new technique, desorption corona beam ionization (DCBI), was coupled with an ion-trap mass spectrometer for the rapid detection of 10 antimicrobials in animal-derived food. Under positive ion mode, 10 common antimicrobials were identified without prior sample preparation. With simple pre-treatment, semi-quantification based on peak area was achieved. There was a good correlation (R² ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; air quality; cities; emissions; nitric oxide; nitrogen dioxide; pollutants; roads; traffic; urban areas; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... A large part of the European population is still exposed to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels exceeding the European Union (EU) air quality standards, being a key challenge to reduce NO2 concentrations across many European urban areas, particularly close to roads. In this work, a trend analysis of pollutants involved in NO2 processes was done for the period 2003–2014 in traffic sites from thre ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; coastal zone management; fisheries; fisheries law; Spain; United Kingdom; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spain's accession to the European Union on 1 January 1986 meant the incorporation into its domestic law of the Union's acquis and, therefore, of the rules related to the Common Fisheries Policy. This was preceded by tough accession negotiations and the inclusion of a long transitional period with regard to fisheries that particularly affected the Galician fisheries sector, which has had to adapt t ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; computer software; environmental models; eutrophication; hydrology; inland waters; simulation models; Sweden; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Eutrophication of inland water is a serious problem in large parts of the world. Mitigation actions for improved water status are important but often costly to implement. Therefore, tools for estimating the plausible effect of mitigation scenarios are needed to plan which actions are most effective. In this paper we implement a web based interactive tool that allows quick exploration of several al ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; agricultural land; cities; governance; green infrastructure; issues and policy; planning; urban areas; urban development; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Urban spatial development is a crucial issue for spatial planning and urban governance, ultimately determining cities’ sustainability. While a set of spatial strategies to address urban development are progressively gaining international consensus, their actual applicability is still contested. An interesting test-bed is represented by the European Union (EU), where common spatial strategies have ...
... Various environmental footprint concepts have already been developed and applied in sustainability research. However, these analyses tend to remain restricted to historical observation samples. At least in comparison with related research activities in other environmental policy domains (like, e.g., climate policy), it seems that applications of integrated assessment tools represent rather seldom ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; climate change; emissions; issues and policy; models; solar energy; uncertainty; weather forecasting; United States; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Failures of countries to set and achieve renewable energy targets are prevalent, producing uncertainty as to the possibility of renewable energy contributing to a reduction in global emissions. Lack of policy and incorrect modelling analyses are among the sources of these failures and understanding these two sources is crucial for improving confidence in renewables. We assess errors in projections ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; hydrophilicity; lipophilicity; marine toxins; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A UPLC-MS/MS method has been developed for identification and quantification of hydrophilic and lipophilic marine toxins. The method included the determination of 14 toxins of STX group, 15 lipophilic toxins, 15 toxins of the TTX group and DA. LODs and LOQs for STX group were significantly improved in comparison to the official validated methods and at the same level than other UPLC-MS/MS publishe ...
... In 2016, the Fingerprint Working Group (EFP-WG) of the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI), officially established an advisory group with the task of organising proficiency tests (PTs), as well as collaborative exercises (CEs) as a way of raising standards within the fingerprint profession.This article will provide an overview of the Visualisation collaborative exercise and the ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; markets; pollution; profits and margins; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper analyzes the implementation of pollution permits. It focuses on the distributional impacts linked with the stringency of output-based allocation when two sectors are covered by the market for permits and the total cap is held constant. A new type of profit increase in sectors that are not exposed to international competition, when energy-intensive trade-exposed (EITE) sectors are grante ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; biodiversity; birds; funding; invertebrates; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recently, the European Commission adopted a new strategy to halt the loss of biodiversity. Member states are expected to favor a more effective collection and redistribution of European Union (EU) funds under the current Multiannual Financial Framework for 2014–2020. Because of the large spatial variation in the distribution of biodiversity and conservation needs at the continental scale, EU instr ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; biodiversity; computer software; conservation areas; decision making; ecosystem services; green infrastructure; issues and policy; landscapes; mixing; planning; Spain; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... There is a growing demand for holistic landscape planning to enhance sustainable use of ecosystem services (ESS) and maintenance of the biodiversity that supports them. In this context, the EU is developing policy to regulate the maintenance of ESS and enhance connectivity among protected areas (PAs). This is known as the network of Green Infrastructure (GI). However, there is not a working framew ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; carbon; climate change; economic impact; emissions; energy; import quotas; international cooperation; renewable energy sources; simulation models; China; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... With the increasing popularity of emission trading system (ETS) worldwide and the necessity of international cooperation on climate change, the interest of linking various ETSs is growing. This paper adopts a multi-regional, general equilibrium model to simulate linkages between China’s national ETS and the EU ETS and analyze the emissions, energy and economic impacts of such linkages. In order to ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; antifouling agents; biocides; boats; chemical analysis; nontarget organisms; paints; screening; ships; tin; toxicity; tributyltin; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The most effective biocide used historically in antifouling paints is tributyltin (TBT). However, due to its extreme toxicity to non-target organisms and its persistence in the environment, the use of TBT and other organotin compounds (OTCs) was restricted in EU on leisure boats and ships in 1989 and 2003, respectively. Nevertheless, studies worldwide still report TBT to be released from both ship ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; Bayesian theory; capital; coastal zone management; economic impact; economic performance; fisheries law; hake; labor; models; prices; profitability; Spain; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... What would have happened if a relatively looser fisheries policy had been implemented in the European Union (EU)? Using Bayesian methods a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model is estimated to assess the impact of the European Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) on the economic performance of a Galician (north-west of Spain) fleet highly dependant on the EU Atlantic southern stock of hake. ...
EuropeanUnion, etc ; case studies; consumer demand; economic incentives; energy; heat pumps; issues and policy; renewable resources; taxes; Netherlands; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The European Union considers demand response to be an integral part of its future energy vision, in particular as a supporting mechanism for renewable resource integration. To achieve high demand response participation, the European Union recognises the need for adequate financial incentives for all consumers, especially for residential and service sector consumers. However, the European Energy Ta ...