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Claire Colenutt; Emma Brown; David J. Paton; Mana Mahapatra; Satya Parida; Noel Nelson; Jenny Maud; Paolo Motta; Keith Sumption; Bishnu Adhikari; Sharmila Chapagain Kafle; Mukul Upadhyaya; Samjana Kafle Pandey; Simon Gubbins
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; RNA; food security; goats; monitoring; wet markets; Nepal; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Livestock markets are considered vital parts of the agricultural economy, particularly in developing countries where livestock keeping contributes to both food security and economic stability. Animals from diverse sources are moved to markets, they mix while they are there and are subsequently redistributed over wide geographic areas. Consequently, markets provide an opportunity for targeted surve ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; Lyssavirus; biotechnology; epitopes; glycoproteins; microbiology; models; rabies; vaccines; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chimeric virus-like particles are self-assembling structures composed of viral proteins that had been modified to incorporate sequences from different organisms, being able to trigger immune responses against the heterologous sequence. However, the identification of suitable sites for that purpose in the carrier protein is not an easy task. In this work, we describe the generation of rabies chimer ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; cytopathogenicity; epitopes; evolution; immune system; phenotype; vaccination; viruses; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Viruses can evolve to respond to immune pressures conferred by specific antibodies generated after vaccination and/or infection. In this study, an in vitro system was developed to investigate the impact of serum-neutralising antibodies upon the evolution of a foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) isolate. The presence of sub-neutralising dilutions of specific antisera delayed the onset of virus-indu ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; enzyme activity; foot-and-mouth disease; mutants; proteinases; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is mainly characterized by blister formation (vesicles) in animals infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). However, the molecular basis of the blister formation in FMD is still unknown. BP180 is one of the main anchoring proteins connecting the dermal and epidermal layers of the skin. Previous studies have shown that the cleavage of BP180 by proteases produc ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; Vesiculovirus; antiviral properties; biotechnology; interferons; luciferase; luminescence; plasmids; secretion; swine; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Type I interferons are widely used in research applications and as biotherapeutics. Current assays used to measure interferon concentrations, such as plaque reduction assays and ELISA, are expensive, technically challenging, and may take days to provide results. We sought to develop a robust and rapid assay to determine interferon concentrations produced from transiently transfected ce ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; RNA; agarose; cell culture; detection limit; diagnostic sensitivity; gels; viruses; India; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rapid, sensitive, and reliable laboratory detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection is essential for containing and controlling virus infection in any geographical area. In this report a SYBR green-based 3Dᵖᵒˡ-specific one-step real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) assay was developed for the pan-serotype detection of FMDV in India. The detection limit of the SYBR green-based rRT-PCR was 10⁻ ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; animal tests; capsid; fluorescent dyes; gel chromatography; immunogenicity; porosity; thermal stability; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) of biomacromolecules using large pore size media and long column are usually necessary to obtain a satisfactory separation. However, the SEC separation of inactivated foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) was found to induce some subtle but important conformational changes of FMDV in a pore-size and column length dependent manner. Here three Sephacryl media includ ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; cattle; cell viability; foot-and-mouth disease; meat; quality control; serotypes; vaccines; viruses; Pakistan; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious disease of cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals, causing huge economic losses annually worldwide. This disease is endemic in Pakistan where the serotypes of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) are A, O and ASIA-1. At present, trivalent FMDV vaccines are being used to prevent FMD but the current production process is laborious and is unable ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; animals; cost effectiveness; epithelium; foot-and-mouth disease; immunoassays; ligands; livestock diseases; serotypes; trade; viruses; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is the most important transboundary viral disease of livestock in the international context, because of its extreme contagiousness, widespread diffusion, and severe impact on animal trade and animal productions. The rapid and on-field detection of the virus responsible for the FMD represents an urgent demand to efficiently control the diffusion of the infection, es ...
... Like other East African countries, Sudan experienced circulation of more than one topotype of SAT2 foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). In Sudan, topotype XIII of SAT2 virus was recorded in 1977 and 2008 and topotype VII in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2014 and 2017. This work evaluated the impact of such diversity on diagnosis and control. After one or three doses of a vaccine derived from a Sudanese SAT2 v ...
... Visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is qualified to be applied in the field to detect pathogens due to its simplicity, rapidity and cost saving. However, the color changes in currently reported visual reverse transcription LAMP (RT-LAMP) for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) detection are not so obvious to the naked eye, so interpretation of results is troublesome. In this study ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; cattle; foot-and-mouth disease; genome; livestock and meat industry; natural selection; serotypes; trees; Pakistan; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Foot and mouth disease (FMD) causes severe economic losses to the livestock industry of endemic countries, including Pakistan. Pakistan is part of the endemic pool 3 for foot and mouth disease viruses (FMDV), characterized by co-circulating O, A, and Asia 1 serotypes, as designated by the world reference laboratory for FMD (WRL-FMD). FMDV serotype A lineage ASIA/Iran-05 is widespread in buffalos a ...
... Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus-like particles (VLPs) comprise a new and effective FMD vaccine, which often requires the addition of adjuvants to induce a vigorous immune response in order to protect livestock from the challenge of FMD virus (FMDV). Oil emulsion delivery systems have been developed and used widely in the field of veterinary vaccines because of their low cost, slow release, and ...
... Antigenic profiling of recent field outbreak strains of foot‐and‐mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A in India has revealed considerable antigenic drift from the vaccine strain, A IND 40/2000, necessitating the selection of a new strain. The complete genome sequence of A IND 27/2011 was analysed. Vaccine quality attributes of the new candidate strain including potency as an inactivated vaccine in ...
Foot-and-mouthdiseasevirus, etc ; disease surveillance; foot-and-mouth disease; human population; odds ratio; risk; risk assessment; seroprevalence; villages; China; Laos; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD), caused by the FMD virus (FMDV), is one of the most important of global livestock diseases, impacting even‐toed ungulates and distributed mostly in less developed countries that are home to 75% of the human population. A progressive control pathway for FMD (PCP‐FMD) was developed to assist countries to better manage FMD risks and progress towards control and eradicatio ...
... Virus-like particle (VLPs) vaccines have been extensively studied due to their good immunogenicity and safety; however, they highly rely on cold-chain storage and transportation. Nanotechnology of bio-mineralization as a useful strategy has been employed to improve the thermal stability and immunogenicity of VLPs. A zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF-8), a core–shell structured nanocomposite, was a ...
... Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can persistently infect pharyngeal epithelia in ruminants but not in pigs. Our previous studies demonstrated that persistent FMDV infection in cattle was associated with under-expression of several chemokines that recruit immune cells. This report focuses on the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEG) identified during the transitional phase of infectio ...
... Foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR). A risk‐based partial vaccination campaign was implemented in Champasak, Savannakhet and Xiengkhouang Provinces in Lao PDR in 2016–2020, which had limited effects on reducing the circulation of FMD virus. The objectives of this study were to measure the socioeconomic effects of (i) a clinical FMD occurrence and (ii) ...
... Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a major economically important viral disease of cloven-hoofed livestock globally. The FMD virus (FMDV) spreads widely in confined, cool, and humid climatic conditions. Being an RNA virus, FMDV is genetically unstable, and its genome evolution is highly influenced by mutational pressure. The climatic and environmental conditions have a significant impact on mutationa ...
... Safe sample transport is of great importance for infectious diseases diagnostics. Various treatments and buffers are used to inactivate pathogens in diagnostic samples. At the same time, adequate sample preservation, particularly of nucleic acids, is essential to allow an accurate laboratory diagnosis. For viruses with single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, such as foot-and-mouth diseas ...