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Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; acetic acid; ammonium; biopesticides; cellulose; chitosan; hydrocolloids; mycelium; mycotoxins; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work explores the use of chitosan as an active matrix to develop biofungicides. Two chitosans from marine resources, of 4.8 and 78 kg/mol respectively, were structurally characterized. Both chitosans diluted in acidic conditions (lactic or acetic acid at 1%, v/v) were efficient in reducing the growth of Fusarium graminearum. Ammonium groups of chitosan chains were suggested as key determinant ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; antifungal properties; cell membranes; chitin; deoxynivalenol; essential oils; food chemistry; fungi; lipids; mechanism of action; mycelium; nanoemulsions; oils; pathogens; polysorbates; rice; spore germination; Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work aims to investigate antifungal, mycotoxin inhibitory efficacy of the hop essential oil (HEO) nanoemulsion and their mode of action (MOA) against Fusarium graminearum isolate, a fungal pathogen causing Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) in cereal crops. The HEO, primarily consisting of terpenes and terpenoids, was encapsulated in nanoemulsion droplets. Physically stable HEO-in-water nanoemulsion ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Fusarium head blight; fungi; ribonucleases; spikelets; wheat; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating fungal disease of wheat. The mechanism underlying F. graminearum-wheat interaction remains largely unknown. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are RNase-dependent small RNAs derived from tRNAs, and they have not been reported in wheat yet, and whether tRFs are involved in wheat-F. graminearum interactions remains unk ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Avena sativa; DNA; Fusarium culmorum; HT-2 toxin; deoxynivalenol; oats; seeds; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Oats (Avena sativa L.) are well known for their nutritional properties but are susceptible to the growth of different Fusarium fungi resulting in mycotoxin contamination of harvested oats. In this study, oat samples from harvest years 2011 to 2017 were preselected for their suitability as milling oats for food purposes with DON contents below 1750 µg/kg. The reduction of DON, T-2 and HT-2 toxins d ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Fusarium culmorum; adsorption; bacterial culture; barley; biotransformation; deoxynivalenol; metabolism; metabolites; wheat; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum and is commonly found in cereals such as wheat, barley, oats, and their derivatives. Scientists have been working on different strategies for DON detoxification, with biological detoxification being an approach with growing interest. When evaluating the use of microorganisms for mycotoxin detoxificati ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Setosphaeria turcica; corn; jasmonic acid; plant growth; transcription factors; transcriptional activation; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway is involved in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic or biotic stresses. MYC2, a bHLH transcription factor, is a regulatory hub in the pathway. The function of ZmMYC7, a putative MYC2 ortholog, in jasmonate-signaled defense responses of maize has not been reported. In this study, we found that ZmMYC7 possesses JID, TAD, bHLH and Zip domains and ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; evolution; fungi; habitats; insects; metagenomics; peptides; polyketides; secondary metabolites; tomatoes; virulence; wheat; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fungal pathogens produce a broad array of secondary metabolites (SMs), which allow the fungus to thrive in its natural habitat and gain competitive advantage. Analysis of the genetically encoded blueprints for SM assembly highlighted that only a small portion of the SMs these fungi are capable of producing are known, and even fewer have been investigated for their natural function. Using molecular ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; carbendazim; fungicide resistance; fungicides; grain quality; international trade; microbiology; mycotoxins; sanitation; triazoles; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fusariosis affects cereal grain crops worldwide and is responsible for devastating crops, reducing grain quality and yield, and producing strong mycotoxins. Benzimidazoles and triazoles were recommended to combat fusariosis; however, there were reports of resistance, making it necessary to reflect on the reasons for this occurrence. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the fusariosis resista ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Fusarium head blight; cultivars; data collection; flowering; plant pathology; sample size; spores; wheat; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Because Fusarium head blight (FHB) intensity is usually highly variable within a plot, the number of spikes rated for FHB index (IND) quantification must be considered when designing experiments. In addition, quantification of sources of IND heterogeneity is crucial for defining sampling protocols. Field experiments were conducted to quantify the variability of IND (“field severity”) at different ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol; 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol; agar; biosynthesis; food microbiology; genotype; temperature; water activity; wheat; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The influence of aw on DON and its acetyl derivatives biosynthesis by a strain of Fusarium graminearum s.s. (ITEM 4606) which produces DON, 3-ADON and 15-ADON was evaluated. Trichothecene production was studied on agar wheat 2% at 0.95 and 0.99 aw at different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and incubation times (7, 14, 21 and 28 days). Statistical analysis (ANOVA) showed that aw, temperat ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Botrytis cinerea; DNA; Mycosphaerella graminicola; fungi; plant pathology; plant tissues; sonication; spore traps; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Current DNA extraction methods from filamentous fungi take from an hour to a full day. These methods require buffers and tools for grinding fungal tissues. Although commercial extraction kits can reduce the amount of time spent preparing and extracting genomic DNA from fungal samples, these can be expensive. Here we describe a quick and inexpensive sonication technique to extract genomic DNA from ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; aequorin; agriculture; biotic stress; calcium; corn; luminescence; seed germination; seedling growth; vacuoles; vigor; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seeds with high vigor have strong resistance to various adverse environmental conditions. However, little is known about how seed vigor affects the resistance of seeds to biotic stress. In this study, newly harvested seeds that had high vigor and seeds with low vigor, achieved via an artificially accelerated aging treatment, were used in the germination test after inoculation with Fusariumgraminea ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; DNA; deoxynivalenol; dough; epidemiology; feed safety; greenhouses; metabolites; milk; oats; plant pathology; risk; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... High levels of mycotoxins are occasionally observed in Norwegian oat grain lots. Mycotoxins of primary concern in Norwegian oats are deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium graminearum and HT2- and T2-toxins (HT2 + T2) produced by Fusarium langsethiae. Improved understanding of the epidemiology of Fusarium spp. is important for the development of measures to control mycotoxins. We studied the su ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; deoxynivalenol; foods; fungal growth; logit analysis; mathematical models; probability; product safety; temperature; wheat; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... AIMS: Mathematical models were employed to predict the growth kinetic parameters of Fusarium graminearum and the accumulation of deoxynivalenol (DON) during wheat storage as a function of different moisture contents (MCs) and temperatures. METHODS AND RESULTS: The colony counting method was used to quantify F. graminearum growth under different environmental conditions, and kinetic and probability ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; corn; disease severity; ear rot; genetics; grain quality; mycotoxins; plant competition; population density; Canada; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the Great Lakes region of North America, Gibberella ear rot (GER), caused by Fusarium graminearum, affects grain quality due to the accumulation of mycotoxins. GER severity is strongly influenced by environmental conditions; however, agronomic practices can also influence disease severity and mycotoxin accumulation. In this study, three separate small-plot experiments were conducted at Ridgetow ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Pseudomonas chlororaphis; Thanatephorus cucumeris; antifungal properties; biological control; biosynthesis; genes; quorum sensing; secondary metabolites; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Quorum sensing is a population density-dependent gene regulation mechanism. N-Acyl-l-homoserine lactone (AHL) has been identified as a signal compound in quorum sensing in gram-negative bacteria. Phenazine derivatives are bacterial secondary metabolites known for their broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Pseudomonas chlororaphis has been demonstrated to be a biocontrol strain, and most of its spec ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Cladosporium; Epicoccum; Fusarium head blight; Ramularia; Sarocladium; Vishniacozyma; corn; inoculum; soil; soil bacteria; soil fungi; wheat; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of small grain cereals including wheat. Causal fungal agents colonize various components of the field during their life cycle including previous crop residues, soil, and grains. Although soil and residues constitute the main inoculum source, these components have received much less attention than grains. This study aimed at disentangling t ...
... To search for antifungal leads, the metabolites of an insect-derived fungus Fusarium lateritium ZMT01 were investigated, providing five sesquiterpenes (1–5), including new molecules microsphaeropsisins D and E (1 and 2). The evaluated antifungal activities in vitro which are higher than the positive control triadimefon include: 1 and 2 towards Fusarium oxysporum (MICs 50, 25 mg L⁻¹; triadimefon 10 ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; ammonium chloride; antifungal properties; electron microscopy; particle size; pollution; tebuconazole; thermal stability; water solubility; zeta potential; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Compared with the traditional pesticides, the nanopesticides (NPs) exhibit better sustained release performance, higher utilization efficiency and reduction of environmental pollution. In this study, the antifungal tebuconazole (TEB) loaded nanoparticles (TEB NPs) were prepared by electrostatic self-assembly of the positively charged poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDADMAC) and sulfobutyl ...
Fusariumgraminearum, etc ; Fusarium head blight; antifungal properties; chitosan; disease incidence; food safety; foods; graphene oxide; mycelium; pathogens; wheat; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum), a pathogen for Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat, significantly reduces wheat yield and poses potential threats to human food safety. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) modified chitosan (GO-CS composite) was synthesized and its antifungal activity against F. graminearum in vitro and in vivo was evaluated. The ¹HNMR and FTIR results revealed the reaction be ...