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... Benthic habitats in shallow oxbow lakes may serve as permanent nitrogen (N) sinks by facilitating denitrification. Oxbow sediments may also accumulate nutrients through uptake, deposition and heterotrophic N₂ fixation, and ultimately provide a significant internal source of N and phosphorus (P) through sediment release to the water column. To better understand nutrient source-sink dynamics in oxbo ...
... Agricultural drainage networks within the Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB) have potential to attenuate nutrient loading to downstream aquatic ecosystems through best management practices. Nutrient uptake (nitrogen, phosphorus), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and denitrification rates were estimated using a combination of sensor measurements and hourly discrete samp ...
agricultural runoff; agricultural watersheds; denitrification; eutrophication; lacustrine sediments; lakes; nitrate reduction; nitrates; nitrogen cycle; nutrient availability; nutrient uptake; reactive phosphorus; spring; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; turbidity; water quality; water temperature
Abstract:
... The bottom sediments of shallow lakes are an important nutrient sink; however, turbidity may alter the influence of water depth on sediment nutrient uptake by reducing light and associated oxic processes, or altering nutrient availability. This study assessed the relative influence of water quality vs. water depth on sediment nutrient uptake rates in a shallow agricultural lake during spring, when ...
... Watershed managers generally focus on P reduction strategies to combat freshwater eutrophication despite evidence that N co‐limits primary production. Our objective was to test the role of P in limiting stream periphyton biomass within the Buffalo River watershed in Arkansas by conducting a 31‐d streamside mesocosm experiment. To represent potentially different starting states, cobbles were transp ...
... Reactive N is an essential input for healthy, vibrant crop production, yet excess N is often transported off field via agricultural ditches to downstream receiving ecosystems, where it can cause negative impacts to human health, biodiversity loss, as well as eutrophication and resultant hypoxia. Denitrification, the transformation of reactive N to unreactive N₂ gas, within agricultural ditches has ...
... Freshwater ecosystem function within agricultural landscapes may be altered by differences in processing of organic matter (OM) detritus entering freshwater habitats. We compared litter breakdown rates between crop residues; maize, cotton and soybean, and native riparian species: willow oak, American sycamore and cottonwood from inundated remnant river meander channels located within the Lower Mis ...
Bacillariophyceae; algae; alluvial plains; best management practices; dissolved oxygen; hydrology; indicator species; land management; metabolism; nutrient management; nutrients; ordination techniques; phosphorus; species diversity; streams; total phosphorus; Mississippi
Abstract:
... In large, alluvial floodplains dominated by agriculture, small streams have the potential to experience nutrient enrichment affecting algal assemblage structure and metabolism. Nutrient enrichment is largely driven by application of nutrients and altered hydrologic regimes. To inform stressor–response‐based nutrient reduction goals for agricultural alluvial plain streams, diatom assemblages were s ...
... Recent sedimentation rates are useful for quantifying how changes in a watershed affect soil erosion; however, typical geochronological methods for dating sediments are limited in temporal resolution, particularly for newly deposited sediments. We used sediment traps to measure short-term sediment accumulation rates in a natural oxbow lake whose watershed has a mix of agricultural and forested lan ...
... Increased application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers in agricultural systems contributes to significant environmental impacts, including eutrophication of fresh and coastal waters. Rice cutgrass [Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw.] can significantly enhance denitrification potential in agricultural ditch sediments and potentially reduce N export from agricultural watersheds, but relationships with known driv ...
... Nutrient over‐enrichment increasingly threatens global water resources. Stressor‐response studies specifically designed to identify levels of nutrients strongly associated with undesirable ecological conditions are needed to inform numeric nutrient criteria that protect inland waters. Diatoms are important components of aquatic life, which support higher trophic levels and are sensitive to nutrien ...
... Few investigators have studied leaf breakdown in bayous or oxbow lakes, dominant aquatic features in fertile floodplains that potentially influence storage and processing of detritus in agricultural landscapes. We compared decomposition rates of maize (Zea mays) and willow oak (Quercus phellos) from 3 bayous in the Lower Mississippi River Basin of northwestern Mississippi and in bayou mesocosms en ...
... The fate and transport of triclosan (5-chloro-2-[2,4-dichlorophenoxy]phenol), a widely used antimicrobial agent in personal care products, in aquatic ecosystems is a growing environmental concern. At ecosystem scales, triclosan potentially interacts with co-occurring nutrient stressors to affect overall biogeochemical cycling through consumer-mediated nutrient recycling pathways. We examined N- an ...
... Remediation of excess nitrogen (N) in agricultural runoff can be enhanced by establishing wetland vegetation, but the role of denitrification in N removal is not well understood in drainage ditches. We quantified differences in N retention during experimental runoff events followed by stagnant periods in mesocosms planted in three different vegetation treatments: unvegetated, cutgrass [Leersia ory ...
... Understanding the relative role of resource (bottom-up) and consumer (top-down) controls on ecosystem structure and function has been a central question in ecology for some time. In more recent times, ecologist have come to recognize that the two processes do not act independently and that interactions between bottom-up (BU) and top-down (TD) forces likely facilitate complex food webs. Moreover, a ...
agricultural land; community structure; ecoregions; environmental factors; environmental impact; fish; forests; functional diversity; habitats; land use; landscapes; life history; streams; urban agriculture; urban areas; urban development; watersheds; Texas
Abstract:
... Patterns of association between functional traits and environmental gradients can improve understanding of species assemblage structure from local to regional scales, and therefore may be useful for natural resource management. We measured functional traits related to trophic ecology, habitat use, and life-history strategies of fishes and examined their associations with environmental factors in t ...
... River impoundments alter downstream hydrology and habitat, often resulting in significant changes in stream communities. The degree of impact of a river impoundment on downstream hydrology and biological communities can be dependent on many factors, including underlying natural hydrologic regimes and reservoir operation purpose and scope. We compared pre- and post-impoundment hydrologic patterns a ...
Salvelinus fontinalis; drilling; fisheries; habitats; life history; managers; models; natural gas; risk; scientists; shale; streams; surface water; North America
Abstract:
... Expansion of natural gas drilling into the Marcellus Shale formation is an emerging threat to the conservation and restoration of native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations. Improved drilling and extraction technologies (horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing) have led to rapid and extensive natural gas development in areas overlying the Marcellus Shale. The expansion of hydrauli ...
... Anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) create novel environmental conditions that alter biological organization and ecosystem functioning in freshwaters. We studied 38 wadeable streams spanning an N and P gradient to contrast responses of algal and fish assemblages to nutrient enrichment. Surface-water total P (TP) and total N (TN) were correlated across our study sites, but TP ex ...
... Hydrologic variability and instream habitat connectivity play fundamental roles in structuring fish communities in lotic ecosystems. We collected fish assemblage and physical habitat data from 28 central Texas streams during the summers of 2006 (a drought year with minimal summer precipitation and low stream flow) and 2007 (an exceptionally wet year with periodic flooding in spring and sustained h ...
JasonM. Taylor, et al. ; Brian P. Buchanan; Daniel A. Auerbach; Ryan A. McManamay; Alexander S. Flecker; Josephine A. Archibald; Daniel R. Fuka; M. Todd Walter; Show all 8 Authors
... Quantitative flow-ecology relationships are needed to evaluate how water withdrawals for unconventional natural gas development may impact aquatic ecosystems. Addressing this need, we studied current patterns of hydrologic alteration in the Marcellus Shale region and related the estimated flow alteration to fish community measures. We then used these empirical flow-ecology relationships to evaluat ...