An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... This paper studies the nonparametric estimation of occupation densities for semimartingale processes observed with noise. As leading examples we consider the stochastic volatility of a latent efficient price process, the volatility of the latent noise that separates the efficient price from the actually observed price, and nonlinear transformations of these processes. Our estimation methods are de ...
automation; electronic wastes; near-infrared spectroscopy; polypropylenes; polystyrenes; principal component analysis; styrene; support vector machines
Abstract:
... In order to solve the difficulties encountered in E-wastes disposal automation, this work investigates the sensor-based sorting of waste washing machine parts. To satisfy the post-processing, we divided the parts into 6 categories (Piece, Cover, Base, Shell, Spin tub and Drain hose) based on the shape differences and used object recognition algorithm to classify them. In the recycling terminal, pa ...
... Foodborne pathogens are the main factors causing food safety incidents. Rapid and accurate detection of foodborne pathogens is of great significance to the protection of human life and health. Food omics have been widely used in food safety detection, traceability, and other fields. While the CRISPR-based technologies have a broad application prospect in the detection of foodborne pathogens. Futur ...
Schizothorax prenanti; energy conservation; fish; fish behavior; fish ladders; hydraulic flumes; kinetic energy; turbulent flow
Abstract:
... Effective fishway design requires knowledge of fish swimming behavior in streams and channels. Appropriate tests with near-natural flow conditions are required to assess the interaction between fish behavior and turbulent flows. In this study, the volitional swimming behavior of S. prenanti was tested and quantified in an open-channel flume with three (low, moderate, and high) flow regimes. The re ...
common markets; econometrics; empirical research; estimation; paper
Abstract:
... This paper studies the efficient estimation of betas from high-frequency return data on a fixed time interval. Under an assumption of equal diffusive and jump betas, we derive the semiparametric efficiency bound for estimating the common beta and develop an adaptive estimator that attains the efficiency bound. We further propose a Hausman type test for deciding whether the common beta assumption i ...
... Using polysaccharide nanocrystals such as chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) or cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as fillers of biodegradable aliphatic polyesters is an attractive approach of fabricating completely biodegradable nanocomposites. Most aliphatic polyesters are semi-crystalline and hence to reveal the effect of nanocrystals on their crystallization behaviors is key to regulate final properties o ...
apricots; calcium; catechol oxidase; firmness; fruit quality; fruits; juices; pectinesterase; pectins; peroxidase; polygalacturonase; ultrasonic treatment; water solubility
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to examine the effects of calcium treatment (2%, 20 min) and ultrasonic treatment (400 W, 20 min) on postharvest apricot fruit during storage. The results showed that after calcium and ultrasonic treatment, compared with the control, the firmness of apricot fruit increased by 41.53% and 3.83% at 16 d, but juice yield and water-soluble pectin (WSP) content decreased by 8.26 ...
... In-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of oxidative stress is still limited for anaerobes. Anaerobic biotechnology has become widely accepted by the wastewater/sludge industry as a better alternative to more conventional but costly aerobic processes. However, the functional anaerobic microorganisms used in anaerobic biotechnology are frequently hampered b ...
capital; labor; land; land use; models; urbanization; China; Yangtze River
Abstract:
... Researching the impact of factor flow on urban land use efficiency (ULUE) is significant in alleviating the contradiction between the accelerated promotion of urbanization and the inefficient use of urban land. This paper theoretically analyzes the impact mechanism of the flow of the three major factors of production—land, capital, and labor—on ULUE. On this basis, taking 54 cities in the urban ag ...
... The gelation of resorcinol and formaldehyde (RF) consists of four secondary processes with no well-defined time boundaries. The growth kinetics of RF gel processes are still many unknown areas. In this work, the sol-gel polycondensation reaction of RF was analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), rheological measurements, and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). Through in situ analysis, so ...
... Foliar uptake, as an important pathway of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulation in winter wheat, has a great contribution to wheat PAHs, which mainly depends on atmospheric PAHs level. An indoor simulation experiment was conducted to explore the effects of foliar exposure to PAHs at different growth stages on PAHs uptake in wheat. Three levels (0, 0.75, 4.5 mg L⁻¹) of mixed solution ...
... A multifunctional RhB-PLGM@CN nanoprobe was created, in which g-C₃N₄ played dual pivotal functions in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and monitoring of invasion-related MMP-9 by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Significantly, using this probe, PDT was found to inhibit the cell invasion in a glioblastoma multiforme cell line model by down regulation of MMP-9. ...
androgen receptors; androgens; biophysics; breast neoplasms; cell viability; drug resistance; proteolysis; therapeutics
Abstract:
... Androgen receptor (AR) is a promising therapeutic target for AR-positive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, clinical trials of AR inhibitors only reveal modest therapeutic efficacy for AR-positive TNBC, and drug resistance is also inevitable. To address these challenges, we herein report the use of an AR-targeting proteolysis targeting chimera (AR-PROTAC) to treat AR-positive TNBC. We ...
digital elevation models; hydrograph; hydrologic models; landscapes; model validation; water
Abstract:
... The digital elevation model (DEM) is a type of model that has been widely used in terrain analysis and hydrological modeling. DEM resolution influences the hydrological and geomorphologic features of delineated catchments and consequently affects hydrological simulations. This study investigated the impacts of DEM resolution on the performance of the XAJ-GIUH hydrological model, a model coupling t ...
... Strontium (Sr) has shown strong osteogenic potential and thereby been widely incorporated into dental and orthopedic implants. However, the improved osseointegration of strontium-modified titanium implants through regulation of angiogenesis and macrophage polarization is still beginning to be explored. Here, we demonstrated that the angiogenic capacity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells on ...
... Chitin nanocrystal (ChNC) was used to prepare fully biodegradable nanocomposites with polylactide (PLA). The nucleation and melting behavior of nanocomposites were studied with the objective to correlate PLA-ChNC affinity to PLA crystallization. The results disclose that the PLA nanocomposites with pristine ChNCs and the ones with acetylated ChNCs show completely different nucleation and melting b ...
energy conversion; friction; models; wind power; wind speed
Abstract:
... Wind speed calculation is not only the core problem of the wind energy conversion, but also the key to improve the WT conversion efficiency. Wind speed is affected by many factors, so it is difficult to model. The influencing factors of the wind speed and relationship between wind speed are contained in big data of the WTs’ historical monitoring. In this paper, the “coupling element” (CE) and “agg ...
... Objective We aimed to assess the optimal frequency for changing single-use enteral delivery sets during postoperative enteral feeding in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods We enrolled 120 CHD infants who were fed using an enteral nutrition pump directly connected to a milk bottle with a single-use enteral delivery set in a four-arm randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR2000039544). ...
carbon; ecological restoration; ecosystems; enzymes; forest land; grasslands; land use; landslides; nitrogen; phosphorus; soil enzymes; soil quality; China
Abstract:
... Soil enzyme activities in different plantation types and land use patterns could indicate changes in soil quality. This research was aimed at exploring the dynamics of soil enzyme activities involved in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, and their responses to changes in soil physicochemical properties resulting from natural vegetation restorations and plantation schemes. Knowing about the e ...
ambient temperature; atomization; ionization; mass spectrometry; methanol; methionine; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; organic chemistry; oxidation; sodium hypochlorite; sulfides; sulfoxides; ultrasonics
Abstract:
... We report the rapid oxidation of organic sulfides to sulfoxides by means of microdroplet chemistry at room temperature using a spray solution containing an organic sulfide dissolved in water/methanol, dilute (11%–14%) sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and 5% chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄). Ultrasonic nebulization, easy ambient sonic-spray ionization, or electrosonic spray ionization serves as the microdropl ...