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Eimeria; Influenza A virus; Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Typhimurium; bacteria; control methods; diagnostic techniques; growth promotion; immunosuppression; pathogens; poultry; poultry diseases; poultry production; protozoal infections; viruses; zoonoses; China; United Kingdom; United States
Abstract:
... Identifying which diseases represent a priority is crucial to optimize resources for diagnostics, control, and prevention. Here, the impact of 111 poultry pathogens belonging to Viruses (n = 31), Bacteria (n = 33), and Other (n = 47) was assessed using the H-index. The overall mean H-indexes suggested that poultry Viruses have statistically greater impact than Bacteria, which in turn are statistic ...
KateriBertran, et al. ; Angela Blanco; Noelia Antilles; Miquel Nofrarías; Rosa M. Valle; Àlex Cobos; Antonio Ramis; Mar Biarnés; Natàlia Majó; Show all 9 Authors
... A surge in fowl adenovirus (FAdV) causing inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) outbreaks has occurred in several countries in the last two decades. In Spain, a sharp increase in case numbers in broilers and broiler breeder pullets arose since 2011, which prompted the vaccination of breeders in some regions. Our retrospective study of IBH cases in Spain from 2011 to 2021 revealed that most cases were rep ...
... Airborne transmission of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses has occurred among poultry and from poultry to humans during home or live-poultry market slaughter of infected poultry, and such transmission has been experimentally reproduced. In this study, we investigated simple, practical changes in the processing of H5N1 virus-infected chickens to reduce infectious airborne partic ...
KateriBertran, et al. ; Aemro Kassa; Miria F. Criado; Ivette A. Nuñez; Dong-Hun Lee; Lindsay Killmaster; Mariana Sá e Silva; Ted M. Ross; Teshome Mebatsion; Nikki Pritchard; David E. Swayne; Show all 11 Authors
... The genetic and antigenic drift associated with the high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of Goose/Guangdong (Gs/GD) lineage and the emergence of vaccine-resistant field viruses underscores the need for a broadly protective H5 influenza A vaccine. Here, we tested experimental vector herpesvirus of turkey (vHVT)-H5 vaccines containing either wild-type clade 2.3.4.4A-derived H5 inserts o ...
KateriBertran, et al. ; Dong-Hun Lee; Miria F. Criado; Charles L. Balzli; Lindsay F. Killmaster; Darrell R. Kapczynski; David E. Swayne; Show all 7 Authors
... Maternally-derived antibodies (MDA) provide early protection from disease, but may interfere with active immunity in young chicks. In highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV)-enzootic countries, broiler chickens typically have MDA to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and H5 HPAIV, and their impact on active immunity from recombinant vectored vaccines is unclear. We assessed the effectiveness of ...
KateriBertran, et al. ; Miria Ferreira Criado; Dong-Hun Lee; Lindsay Killmaster; Mariana Sá e Silva; Eduardo Lucio; Justin Widener; Nikki Pritchard; Emily Atkins; Teshome Mebatsion; David E. Swayne; Show all 11 Authors
... Despite decades of vaccination, surveillance, and biosecurity measures, H5N2 low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus infections continue in Mexico and neighboring countries. One explanation for tenacity of H5N2 LPAI in Mexico is the antigenic divergence of circulating field viruses compared to licensed vaccines due to antigenic drift. Our phylogenetic analysis indicates that the H5N2 LPAI v ...
... High pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infections in chickens negatively impact egg production and cause egg contamination. Previously, vaccination maintained egg production and reduced egg contamination when challenged with a North American H5N2 HPAIV. However, Asian H5N1 HPAIV infection has some characteristics of increased pathogenicity compared to other H5 HPAIV such as more rapid dr ...
Influenza A virus; chicken meat; chickens; dead animals; ferrets; ingestion; inhalation exposure; inoculum; meat carcasses; oral exposure; pathogenicity; viruses
Abstract:
... High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) have caused fatal infections in mammals through consumption of infected bird carcasses or meat, but scarce information exists on the dose of virus required and the diversity of HPAIV subtypes involved. Ferrets were exposed to different HPAIV (H5 and H7 subtypes) through consumption of infected chicken meat. The dose of virus needed to infect ferre ...
... Exposure to infected poultry is a suspected cause of avian influenza (H5N1) virus infections in humans. We detected infectious droplets and aerosols during laboratory-simulated processing of asymptomatic chickens infected with human- (clades 1 and 2.2.1) and avian- (clades 1.1, 2.2, and 2.1) origin H5N1 viruses. We detected fewer airborne infectious particles in simulated processing of infected du ...
... In March 2017, H7N9 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus was detected in 2 broiler breeder farms in the state of Tennessee, USA. Subsequent surveillance detected the low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus precursor in multiple broiler breeder farms and backyard poultry in Tennessee and neighboring states. The pathogenesis of the H7N9 LPAI virus was investigated in commercial broi ...
KateriBertran, et al. ; Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood; Miria F. Criado; Dong-Hun Lee; Charles L. Balzli; Erica Spackman; David L. Suarez; David E. Swayne; Show all 8 Authors
... In the 2014–2015 Eurasian lineage clade 2.3.4.4A H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak in the U.S., backyard flocks with minor gallinaceous poultry and large commercial poultry (chickens and turkeys) operations were affected. The pathogenesis of the first H5N8 and reassortant H5N2 clade 2.3.4.4A HPAI U.S. isolates was investigated in six gallinaceous species: chickens, Japanese quai ...
Influenza A virus; avian influenza; biosecurity; chickens; ducks; game birds; partridges; pheasants; quails; turkeys
Abstract:
... Susceptibility to avian influenza viruses (AIVs) can vary greatly among bird species. Chickens and turkeys are major avian species that, like ducks, have been extensively studied for avian influenza. To a lesser extent, minor avian species such as quail, partridges, and pheasants have also been investigated for avian influenza. Usually, such game fowl species are highly susceptible to highly patho ...
KateriBertran, et al. ; Charles L. Balzli; Dong-Hun Lee; Lindsay Killmaster; Nikki Pritchard; Perry Linz; Teshome Mebatsion; David E. Swayne; Show all 8 Authors
chickens; Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1; antibodies; Influenza A virus; influenza; White Leghorn; hemagglutinins; viruses; genes; viral shedding; cloaca; vector vaccines; North America
Abstract:
... The outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in North American poultry during 2014 and 2015 demonstrated the devastating effects of the disease and highlighted the need for effective emergency vaccine prevention and control strategies targeted at currently circulating strains. This study evaluated the efficacy of experimental recombinant turkey herpesvirus vector vaccines with three dif ...
Influenza A virus; White Leghorn; animal age; avian influenza; biosecurity; broiler breeders; death; disease outbreaks; disease resistance; disease transmission; eggs; farms; genetic resistance; lethal dose; mortality; pathogenesis; pathogenicity; turkeys; viral shedding; viruses; Midwestern United States
Abstract:
... In 2014–2015, the US experienced an unprecedented outbreak of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus. The H5N2 HPAI virus outbreak in the Midwest in 2015 affected commercial turkey and layer farms, but not broiler farms. To assess any potential genetic resistance of broilers and/or age-related effects, we investigated the pathogenesis and transmission of A/turkey/Minnesota ...
Influenza A virus; Pekin; avian influenza; biological resistance; body temperature; ducks; geese; migratory birds; pathogenicity; risk; viruses; waterfowl; United States
Abstract:
... In late 2014, a H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, clade 2.3.4.4, spread by migratory waterfowl into North America reassorting with low pathogenicity AI viruses to produce a H5N2 HPAI virus. Since domestic waterfowl are common backyard poultry frequently in contact with wild waterfowl, the infectivity, transmissibility, and pathogenicity of the United States H5 HPAI index viruses ...
... In 2014 and 2015, the United States experienced an unprecedented outbreak of Eurasian clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus. Initial cases affected mainly wild birds and mixed backyard poultry species, while later outbreaks affected mostly commercial chickens and turkeys. The pathogenesis, transmission, and intrahost evolutionary dynamics of initial Eurasian H5N8 and reas ...
Influenza A virus; RNA; White Leghorn; adults; avian influenza; genes; hemagglutinins; immunity; laying hens; mortality; pathogenicity; poultry industry; vaccination; vaccines; viral shedding; viruses; China; United States
Abstract:
... During December 2014–June 2015, the U.S. experienced a high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak caused by clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx Goose/Guangdong lineage viruses with devastating consequences for the poultry industry. Three vaccines, developed based on updating existing registered vaccines or currently licensed technologies, were evaluated for possible use: an inactivated reverse genetics H5N ...
Influenza A virus; avian influenza; chickens; death; disease outbreaks; disease transmission; endothelial cells; models; pathogenesis; pathogenicity; seroconversion; virus replication; viruses; wild birds; United States
Abstract:
... In 2014–2015, the U.S. experienced an unprecedented outbreak of Eurasian clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, initially affecting mainly wild birds and few backyard and commercial poultry premises. To better model the outbreak, the pathogenesis and transmission dynamics of representative Eurasian H5N8 and reassortant H5N2 clade 2.3.4.4 HPAI viruses detected early in the ...
KateriBertran, et al. ; Ted M. Ross; Joshua DiNapoli; Maryann Giel-Moloney; Chalise E. Bloom; Charles Balzli; Tod Strugnell; Mariana Sá e Silva; Teshome Mebatsion; Michel Bublot; David E. Swayne; Harry Kleanthous; Show all 12 Authors
... Since the first identification of the H5N1 Goose/Guangdong lineage in 1996, this highly pathogenic avian influenza virus has spread worldwide, becoming endemic in domestic poultry. Sporadic transmission to humans has raised concerns of a potential pandemic and underscores the need for a broad cross-protective influenza vaccine. Here, we tested our previously described methodology, termed Computati ...
Influenza A virus; White Leghorn; avian influenza; biosecurity; broiler breeders; death; eggs; farms; genetic resistance; lethal dose; mortality; pathogenesis; pathogenicity; turkeys; viral shedding; viruses; United States
Abstract:
... In 2014–2015, the US experienced an unprecedented outbreak of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus. The H5N2 HPAI virus outbreak in the Midwest in 2015 affected commercial turkey and layer farms, but not broiler farms. To assess any potential genetic resistance of broilers and/or age-related effects, we investigated the pathogenesis and transmission of A/turkey/Minnesota ...