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1. Examination of the impact of range, cage-free, modified systems, and conventional cage environments on the labor inputs committed to bird care for three brown egg layer strains

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Kelly E. Brannan;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Journal of applied poultry research 2021 v.30 no.1 pp. 100118
ISSN:
1056-6171
Subject:
cages; data collection; eggs; hens; labor; management systems; pasture management; poultry industry; prices; research; summer
Abstract:
... Although the poultry industry has developed into an intensive management system over the past several decades, current trends are moving toward extensive systems with decreased hen-stocking density. However, there is limited information on the resource demands of such systems, particularly with regards to labor requirements. Labor h commitment per hen originally housed and hens surviving were eval ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.japr.2020.100118

2. Applied Research Note: Internal organ colonization and horizontal transmission of experimental Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Kentucky infection in vaccinated laying hens in indoor cage-free housing

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K. Gast; Deana R. Jones; Rupa Guraya; Darrin M. Karcher;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Journal of applied poultry research 2021 v.30 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
1056-6171
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Kentucky; applied research; disease transmission; egg contamination; egg production; immunity; intestines; liver; oviducts; pathogens; public health; risk reduction; spleen; vaccination
Abstract:
... Cage-free housing of laying hens may provide opportunities for widespread environmental distribution of Salmonella contamination and horizontal transmission of infection within flocks. Salmonella Enteritidis in commercial laying flocks presents an ongoing public health concern because reproductive organ colonization in hens leads to deposition inside eggs. Many S. Enteritidis control programs incl ...
Handle:
10113/7198051
DOI:
10.1016/j.japr.2020.100132
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.japr.2020.100132

3. Research Note: Contamination of eggs by Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium in experimentally infected laying hens in indoor cage-free housing

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K. Gast; Deana R. Jones; Rupa Guraya; Darrin M. Karcher;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2021 v.100 no.11 pp. 101438
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Typhimurium; eggs; flocks; humans; nests; oviposition; public health; serotypes; wood
Abstract:
... Contaminated eggs are a leading source of human Salmonella infections and this problem continues to challenge public health authorities and egg industries around the world. Salmonella invasion of the ovaries and oviducts of infected laying hens can result in bacterial deposition inside the edible portions of developing eggs. The introduction, persistence, and transmission of salmonellae in commerc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2021.101438
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.psj.2021.101438

4. The Effects of Feeding a Whole-in-Shell Peanut-Containing Diet on Layer Performance and the Quality and Chemistry of Eggs Produced

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Kari L. Harding; Thien Vu; Rebecca Wysocky; Ramon Malheiros; Ondulla T. Toomer;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Agriculture (Basel) 2021 v.11 no.11 pp. -
ISSN:
2077-0472
Subject:
USDA; agriculture; chemical analysis; color; egg weight; feed composition; feed conversion; hens; linoleic acid; peanuts; poultry production; soy protein isolate; North Carolina
Abstract:
... The abundance of peanut and poultry production within the state of North Carolina and the US Southeast, led us to conduct a layer feeding trial to determine the utilization of whole-in-shell high-oleic peanuts (WPN) and/or unblanched high-oleic peanuts (HOPN) as an alternative feed ingredient for poultry. To meet this objective, we randomly assigned 576 shaver hens to 4 dietary treatments (4 rep/t ...
DOI:
10.3390/agriculture11111176

5. Feeding Laying Hens a Diet Containing High-Oleic Peanuts or Oleic Acid Enriches Yolk Color and Beta-Carotene While Reducing the Saturated Fatty Acid Content in Eggs

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Ondulla T. Toomer; Thien Chuong Vu; Elliot Sanders; Adam Karl Redhead; Ramon Malheiros;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Agriculture (Basel) 2021 v.11 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2077-0472
Subject:
ad libitum feeding; agriculture; analysis of variance; beta-carotene; body weight; color; diet; egg masses; eggs; fatty acid composition; feed composition; feed conversion; oleic acid; saturated fatty acids
Abstract:
... We investigated the dietary effects of high-oleic peanuts (HOPN) or oleic fatty acids (OA) on older production hen performance, egg mass and quality, and lipid composition. A total of 99 laying hens were divided between three treatments and fed ad libitum for 8 weeks: (1) Conventional diet; (2) HOPN diet; (3) OA diet. Body weight (BW) was measured at weeks 1 and 8, and feed, egg weights (EW), and ...
Handle:
10113/7484013
DOI:
10.3390/agriculture11080771

6. Pooling of Laying Hen Environmental Swabs and Efficacy of Salmonella Detection

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Deana R. Jones; Richard K. Gast; Prafulla Regmi; Garrett E. Ward; Darrin M. Karcher;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Journal of food protection 2020 v.83 no.6 pp. 943-950
ISSN:
0362-028X
Subject:
Food and Drug Administration; Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Heidelberg; Salmonella Kentucky; Salmonella Typhimurium; barns; cages; eggs; farms; flora; food safety; inoculum; nalidixic acid; serotypes; streptomycin; Kentucky
Abstract:
... Environmental testing for Salmonella Enteritidis is required for U.S. shell egg producers with ≥3,000 hens on a farm. The egg producer assumes all costs for the mandatory testing. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Egg Rule, either manure scraper or drag swabs can be collected according to published guidelines and requirements. The present study was undertaken to determine th ...
DOI:
10.4315/JFP-19-467

7. Research Note: Horizontal transmission and internal organ colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Kentucky in experimentally infected laying hens in indoor cage-free housing

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K. Gast; Deana R. Jones; Rupa Guraya; Darrin M. Karcher;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2020 v.99 no.11 pp. 6071-6074
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Kentucky; barns; disease transmission; egg contamination; eggs; flocks; intestines; laying hens; liver; oviducts; poultry diseases; salmonellosis; spleen
Abstract:
... The transmission of Salmonella to humans via contaminated eggs is an international public health concern. S. Enteritidis is deposited inside eggs after colonizing reproductive tissues of infected hens. Diverse housing facility characteristics and flock management practices influence Salmonella persistence and transmission in poultry, but the food safety consequences of different housing systems fo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.006
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.006

8. Colonization of internal organs by Salmonella Enteritidis in experimentally infected laying hens of four commercial genetic lines in conventional cages and enriched colony housing

Author:
Kenneth E Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K Gast; Prafulla Regmi; Rupa Guraya; Deana R Jones; Darrin M Karcher;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2019 v.98 no.4 pp. 1785-1790
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; bacterial colonization; cage rearing; cages; egg contamination; eggs; environmental enrichment; environmental factors; flocks; genetic lines; human diseases; intestines; laying hens; liver; nesting; oviducts; oviposition; pathogens; poultry housing; salmonellosis; spleen; tissues
Abstract:
... The prevalence of Salmonella Enteritidis in commercial egg-laying flocks is a prominent public health concern because contaminated eggs cause human illness. Deposition of this pathogen inside eggs results from bacterial colonization of reproductive tissues in infected hens. Environmental conditions can influence avian Salmonella infections, but the food safety consequences of different poultry hou ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pey541

9. Contamination of eggs by Salmonella Enteritidis in experimentally infected laying hens of four commercial genetic lines in conventional cages and enriched colony housing

Author:
Kenneth E Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K Gast; Prafulla Regmi; Rupa Guraya; Deana R Jones; Darrin M Karcher;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2019 v.98 no.10 pp. 5023-5027
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; egg contamination; eggs; human diseases; pathogens; poultry production; public health
Abstract:
... Human illness caused by the consumption of eggs contaminated with Salmonella Enteritidis is a continuing international public health concern. This pathogen is deposited inside the edible contents of eggs as a consequence of its ability to colonize reproductive tissues in infected hens. Conditions in the housing environment can influence the persistence and transmission of avian Salmonella infectio ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pez222

10. Feeding high-oleic peanuts to layer hens enhances egg yolk color and oleic fatty acid content in shell eggs

Author:
Kenneth E Anderson,   et al.   ; Ondulla T Toomer; Amanda M Hulse-Kemp; Lisa L Dean; Deborah L Boykin; Ramon Malheiros;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2019 v.98 no.4 pp. 1732-1748
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
agglutinins; allergenicity; antibodies; battery cages; beta-carotene; color; corn; cultivars; egg albumen; egg weight; egg yolk color; eggs; fatty acid composition; hen feeding; ingredients; laying hens; markets; oleic acid; palmitic acid; peanut protein; peanuts; rabbits; soybean meal; stearic acid; trans fatty acids; Southeastern United States
Abstract:
... Previous studies have identified normal-oleic peanuts as a suitable and economical broiler feed ingredient. However, no studies to date have examined the use of high-oleic (HO) peanut cultivars as a feed ingredient for laying hens and determined the impact of feeding HO peanuts on performance and egg nutritive qualities. This project aimed to examine the use of HO peanuts as a feed ingredient for ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pey531

11. Potential Transfer of Peanut and/or Soy Proteins from Poultry Feed to the Meat and/or Eggs Produced

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Ondulla T. Toomer; Elliot Sanders; Thien C. Vu; Matthew L. Livingston; Brittany Wall; Ramon D. Malheiros; Luiz Victor Carvalho; Kim A. Livingston; Peter R. Ferket;     Show all 10 Authors
Source:
ACS Omega 2020 v.5 no.2 pp. 1080-1085
ISSN:
2470-1343
Subject:
agglutinins; allergenicity; allergens; breast meat; breasts; corn; eggs; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; humans; immunoblotting; oils; oleic acid; peanuts; pectoralis muscle; poultry feed; protein content; rabbits; risk assessment; soybean meal
Abstract:
... Previous studies have demonstrated that allergenic feed proteins from peanuts in the diets of layer hens are not detected in the eggs produced. Hence, in this study, we aimed to determine if soy and/or peanut proteins in poultry feed rations of broiler chickens or layer hens would be transferred or detectable in the meat or eggs produced. To meet this objective, 99 layer hens and 300 broiler chick ...
Handle:
10113/7338106
DOI:
10.1021/acsomega.9b03218
CHORUS:
10.1021/acsomega.9b03218

12. Mineral content of eggs differs with hen strain, age, and rearing environment

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Laura E. Heflin; Ramon Malheiros; LuAnn K. Johnson; Susan K. Raatz;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2018 v.97 no.5 pp. 1605-1613
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
battery cages; calcium; copper; diet; dried eggs; eggs; hen feeding; hens; iron; magnesium; manganese; mineral content; rearing; zinc
Abstract:
... Egg nutrient quality is strongly influenced by hen diet but is also affected by rearing environment, hen strain, and hen age. The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of: 1) conventional battery cages, 2) enrichable cage systems, 3) enriched colony housing, 4) cage-free, and 5) free-range rearing systems on mineral concentrations of whole, dried egg (yolk and albumen combined ...
Handle:
10113/6472282
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pey025

13. Time study examining the effect of range, cage-free, and cage environments on man-hours committed to bird care in 3 brown egg layer strains

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson
Source:
Journal of applied poultry research 2014 v.23 no.1 pp. 108-115
ISSN:
1056-6171
Subject:
Plymouth Rock; animal care; cages; data collection; egg industry; eggs; laying hens; oviposition; research
Abstract:
... Growing consumer awareness concerning layer hen welfare has caused the egg industry to consider alternative environments for egg-laying hens. However, the time commitment for alternative care has not been researched in detail since the 1950s. In 2 experiments, we evaluated the man-hour commitment associated with 3 different environments, including range (R), cage-free (CF), and cage systems (C). C ...
DOI:
10.3382/japr.2013-00852

14. Evaluation of Ventilation Shutdown in a Multi-level Caged System

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Krista N. Eberle-Krish; Michael P. Martin; Ramon D. Malheiros; Sanjay B. Shah; Kimberly A. Livingston;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Journal of applied poultry research 2018 v.27 no.4 pp. 555-563
ISSN:
1056-6171
Subject:
air; avian influenza; battery cages; carbon dioxide; culling (animals); death; egg industry; fever; flocks; heat; hens; human resources; hypoxia; mixing; oviposition; United States
Abstract:
... In 2015, the United States experienced an extensive outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza resulting in the depopulation of 42.1 million commercial egg-laying hens. Existing mass depopulation methods in multilevel caged systems utilized throughout the egg industry provide a challenge for producers and emergency personnel. An alternative depopulation method with potential for use in the egg ...
DOI:
10.3382/japr/pfy036

15. Colonization of internal organs by Salmonella serovars Heidelberg and Typhimurium in experimentally infected laying hens housed in enriched colony cages at different stocking densities

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K. Gast; Rupa Guraya; Deana R. Jones; Jean Guard; Darrin M. Karcher;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2017 v.96 no.5 pp. 1402-1409
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Heidelberg; Salmonella Typhimurium; animal welfare; cages; cecum; humans; liver; oviducts; serotypes; spleen
Abstract:
... Contaminated eggs produced by infected commercial laying flocks are often implicated as sources of human infections with Salmonella Enteritidis, but Salmonella serovars Heidelberg and Typhimurium have also been associated with egg-transmitted illness. Contamination of the edible contents of eggs is a consequence of the colonization of reproductive tissues in systemically infected hens. In recent y ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pew375

16. Assessing the impact of egg sweating on Salmonella Enteritidis penetration into shell eggs

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Janet A. Gradl; Patricia A. Curtis; Deana R. Jones;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2017 v.96 no.7 pp. 2393-2399
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; egg industry; egg shell; eggs; emulsions; nalidixic acid; peptones; poultry science; refrigeration; storage time; temperature
Abstract:
... Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) prevalence in eggs is a major concern to the egg industry. Some research has shown that egg sweating can increase Salmonella penetration into egg contents when refrigerated eggs are moved to a warmer temperature. This occurs when eggs are tempered before wash, to minimize thermal cracks. The effect of egg sweating on SE penetration into shell eggs over a 6 week storage ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pex011

17. A novel non-invasive method for evaluating electroencephalograms on laying hens

Author:
Kenneth E Anderson,   et al.   ; Krista N Eberle; Michael P Martin; Sanjay Shah; Ramon D Malheiros; Kimberly A Livingston;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2018 v.97 no.3 pp. 860-864
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
anesthesia; animal models; brain; electrodes; electroencephalography; head; laying hens; physical activity; surgery
Abstract:
... The use of electroencephalograms (EEG) to study the avian brain relative to behavior was conducted as early as the 1960’s. EEG readings, combined with visual cues, provide the ability to elucidate and correlate behaviors to neurological and physiological changes in a chicken. The use of EEG recordings in animal models require access to the brain to implant electrodes. Having the ability to observe ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pex391

18. Comparison of fatty acid, cholesterol, vitamin A and E composition, and trans fats in eggs from brown and white egg strains that were molted or nonmolted

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson
Source:
Poultry science 2013 v.92 no.12 pp. 3259-3265
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
cholesterol; color; eggs; lipid content; molting; nutrient content; vitamin A; vitamin E; North Carolina
Abstract:
... The impact of egg color, hen strain, and molting on the nutritional composition of eggs is limited. Therefore, this study compared nutritional composition and component percentages of cage-produced shell eggs with respect to egg color, hen strain, and molt. Four strains were selected from the North Carolina Layer Performance and Management Test: Hy-Line Brown (HB) and Bovans Brown (BB), and Hy-Lin ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps.2013-03377

19. Persistence of fecal shedding of Salmonella Enteritidis by experimentally infected laying hens housed in conventional or enriched cages

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K. Gast; Rupa Guraya; Deana R. Jones;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Poultry science 2015 v.94 no.7 pp. 1650-1656
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; animal welfare; bacteriophages; cages; feces; flocks; food safety; human diseases; intestines; pathogens; risk factors
Abstract:
... Salmonella Enteritidis can be deposited inside eggs laid by infected hens, so the prevalence of this pathogen in commercial egg-producing flocks is an important risk factor for human illness. Opportunities for the introduction, transmission, and persistence of salmonellae in poultry are potentially influenced by flock housing and management systems. Animal welfare concerns have spurred the develop ...
DOI:
10.3382/ps/pev113

20. Frequency and Duration of Fecal Shedding of Salmonella Serovars Heidelberg and Typhimurium by Experimentally Infected Laying Hens Housed in Enriched Colony Cages at Different Stocking Densities

Author:
Kenneth E. Anderson,   et al.   ; Richard K. Gast; Rupa Guraya; Deana R. Jones; Jean Guard; Darrin M. Karcher;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Avian diseases 2017 v.61 no.3 pp. 366-371
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Heidelberg; Salmonella Typhimurium; animal welfare; cages; eggs; feces; flocks; food safety; humans; laying hens; nesting; pathogens; poultry housing; salmonellosis; serotypes; stocking rate
Abstract:
... Eggs contaminated with Salmonella Enteritidis are leading sources of human salmonellosis, but Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Typhimurium are also egg-associated pathogens. The management practices and housing facilities characterizing different systems for housing commercial egg flocks can influence Salmonella persistence and transmission. Animal welfare aspects of poultry housing have been ...
DOI:
10.1637/11635-032517-RegR