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1. Managed and wild bees contribute to alfalfa (Medicago sativa) pollination

Author:
Joana P. Haedo; Lucía C. Martínez; Sofía Graffigna; Hugo J. Marrero; Juan P. Torretta
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2022 v.324 pp. 107711
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Medicago sativa; agriculture; alfalfa; ecosystem services; environment; honey bees; insect pollination; pollen; pollinators; Argentina;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biotic pollination is an essential ecosystem service for agricultural production and is reflected in the high number of crops that depend on insect pollination in order to produce profitable yields. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a crop whose flowers need to be visited by a bee to be pollinated for seed production, making it highly pollinator-dependent. Two managed bee species are currently used to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2021.107711

2. Timing of diapause initiation and overwintering conditions alter gene expression profiles in Megachile rotundata

Author:
Cambron-Kopco Lizzette D.; Yocum George D.; Yeater Kathleen M.; Greenlee Kendra J.
Source:
Frontiers in physiology 2022 v.13 no. pp. 844820
ISSN:
1664-042X
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; agricultural management; alfalfa; cyclins; diapause; gene expression; insulin; overwintering; pollinators; proto-oncogenes; temperature; Canada;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Within the United States and Canada, the primary pollinator of alfalfa is the alfalfa leafcutting bee (ALCB), Megachile rotundata. Our previous findings showed that ALCB overwintering conditions impacted gene expression profile in bees that entered diapause early in the season. However, ALCB are a bivoltine species, leaving the question if bees exposed to summer temperatures and entering diapause ...
Handle:
10113/7802864
DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2022.844820

3. Life stage and the environment as effectors of transposable element activity in two bee species

Author:
Sarah Signor; George Yocum; Julia Bowsher
Source:
Journal of insect physiology 2022 v.137 pp. 104361
ISSN:
0022-1910
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Osmia lignaria; bees; cell cycle; diapause; genome; genomics; heterochromatin; insect physiology; stress tolerance; temperature; transposons;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Diapause is a complex physiological phenomenon that allows insects to weather stressful environmental conditions. The regulation of diapause is accordingly complex, including signaling pathways that involve both small RNA and mRNA and affect the cell cycle, stress resistance, and developmental timing. Transposable elements, mobile genetic elements that replicate within the genome, are also thought ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104361

4. Megachile rotundata (Fab.) as a potential agro‐environmental conservation strategy for alfalfa seed production in Argentina

Author:
Juan P. Renzi; Carlos Coito; Omar Reinoso; Matías Quintana; Flavia García; Miguel A. Cantamutto
Source:
Journal of applied entomology 2022 v.146 no.1-2 pp. 44-55
ISSN:
0931-2048
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Apis mellifera; Medicago sativa; agroecosystems; alfalfa; entomology; forage; genetically modified organisms; honey; pollination; pollinators; risk; seed industry; seed yield; trade; transgenes; vegetation; Argentina;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. 1753) is one of the main forage crops of the world, and the availability of an adequate seed supply to farmers is one of the main concerns for the seed industry. The international alfalfa seed trade is widespread and several countries depend on imported seed. The continued importation of alfalfa seed carries a serious risk of unintentional introductions, such as contami ...
DOI:
10.1111/jen.12953

5. Impact of microorganisms and entomopathogenic nematodes used for plant protection on solitary and social bee pollinators: Host range, specificity, pathogenicity, toxicity, and effects of experimental parameters

Author:
Silvio Erler; Jakob H. Eckert; Michael Steinert; Abdulrahim T. Alkassab
Source:
Environmental pollution 2022 v.302 pp. 119051
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Apis mellifera; active ingredients; direct contact; entomopathogenic nematodes; honey; host range; immune response; malnutrition; nontarget organisms; pathogenicity; plant protection; pollution; reproduction; stingless bees;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pollinating bees are stressed by highly variable environmental conditions, malnutrition, parasites and pathogens, but may also by getting in contact with microorganisms or entomopathogenic nematodes that are used to control plant pests and diseases. While foraging for water, food, or nest material social as well as solitary bees have direct contact or even consume the plant protection product with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119051

6. Global meta‐network of legume crops and floral visitors reveals abundance of exotic bees

Author:
Cristiane de Souza Paulino; Camila Silveira Souza; Emmanuel Santa‐Martinez; Natan Messias Almeida; Cibele Cardoso Castro
Source:
Journal of applied entomology 2022 v.146 no.3 pp. 252-261
ISSN:
0931-2048
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Apis mellifera; Bombus pascuorum; Fabaceae; Lepidoptera; alfalfa; beans; crop production; entomology; fauna; flower morphology; food availability; food security; foods; habitat fragmentation; honey bees; land use change; pollination; soybeans;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Legume crops (family Fabaceae, order Fabales) constitute a relevant component of the human food supply. In view of the global decline in crop production, as a result of increasing threats (such as habitat fragmentation and land use change) to pollinators, knowledge concerning legume floral visitors can contribute to world food security. In this study, a synthesis was performed of global data on in ...
DOI:
10.1111/jen.12956

7. Anoxia hormesis following overwintering diapause boosts bee survivorship and adult performance

Author:
Lidia Cervantes; Giancarlo López-Martínez
Source:
Science of the total environment 2022 v.802 pp. 149934
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; abiotic stress; adults; biodiversity; climate change; diapause; ecosystem services; energy; environment; hormesis; hypoxia; insect pollination; overwintering; oxygen; solitary bees; spring; starvation; stress response; summer; survival rate; temperature;     Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... Insect pollination is a crucial component of our ecosystems and biodiversity, but our reliance on this ecosystem service has much broader implications. We depend on these pollination services to produce materials and food. But insect pollinators, especially bees, are in strong decline due to a plethora of factors, least of which are environmental abiotic stressors like climate change. The alfalfa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149934
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149934

8. Comparison of Fluctuating Thermal Regimes and Commercially Achievable Constant-Temperature Regimes for Short-Term Storage of the Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

Author:
George D. Yocum; Arun Rajamohan; Joseph P. Rinehart
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2021 v.114 no.2 pp. 530-537
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; cold storage; entomology; refrigeration; spring; storage time; temperature;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Interrupting the spring incubation of Megachile rotundata (F.) with a period of low-temperature storage for synchronizing the bees' emergence with crop bloom is an essential part of M. rotundata management. Previously, we demonstrated that bees exposed to thermoperiods (TPs) during low-temperature storage have higher survival rates than bees exposed to constant temperatures. But changing the tempe ...
DOI:
10.1093/jee/toab019

9. Variation in Expression of Reference Genes across Life Stages of a Bee, Megachile rotundata

Author:
Junhuan Xu; Dennis L. Welker; Rosalind R. James
Source:
Insects 2021 v.12 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; alfalfa; diapause; gene expression; honey; immatures; larval development; mortality; pollinators; transcriptomics;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata is widely used in the western United States as a pollinator for alfalfa seed production. Unfortunately, immatures experience high mortality in agriculturally managed populations. Quantified gene expression could be used to identify how this bee responds during different life stages to pathogens, environmental toxins, and other stresses, but stably e ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects12010036

10. Effects of an alternative host on the prevalence and intensity of infection of a bumble bee parasite

Author:
Mario S. Pinilla-Gallego; Rebecca E. Irwin
Source:
Parasitology 2022 v.149 no.4 pp. 562-567
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Bombus impatiens; Crithidia bombi; alfalfa; alternative hosts; evolution; leafcutter bees; parasites; parasitology; probability; virulence;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Several bee parasites are transmitted through flowers, and some of them can infect multiple host species. Given the shared use of flowers by bee species, parasites can potentially encounter multiple host species, which could affect the evolution of parasite virulence. We used the trypanosomatid parasite Crithidia bombi and its host, the common eastern bumble bee (Bombus impatiens), to explore the ...
DOI:
10.1017/S003118202200004X

11. Mortality Dynamics and Life Tables of Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), a Pollinator Managed for Alfalfa Seed Production

Author:
Claire K. Donahoo; Kevin M. O'Neill; Casey M. Delphia; Robert K. D. Peterson
Source:
Environmental entomology 2021 v.50 no.2 pp. 444-454
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; adults; alfalfa; bees; entomology; life tables; models; mortality; nests; parasitism; pollination; pollinators; progeny; risk; temperature; Montana;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata (F.), contributes to the pollination of more than two-thirds of alfalfa used in seed production in North America. However, losses in managed populations of more than 50% are common in the United States.Thus, understanding the causes of mortality of M. rotundata is critical to find ways to maintain and increase bee populations. Over 2 yr, we identifi ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/nvaa176

12. Phenotypic selection on flower color and floral display size by three bee species

Author:
Brunet Johanne; Flick Andrew; Bauer Austin
Source:
Frontiers in plant science 2021 v. no. pp. -
ISSN:
1664-462X
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Apis mellifera; Bombus impatiens; Medicago sativa; attractants; evolution; flower color; honey bees; phenotypic selection; pollinators; racemes; seed set;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plants exhibit a wide array of floral forms and pollinators can act as agents of selection on floral traits. Two trends have emerged from recent reviews of pollinator-mediated selection in plants. First, pollinator-mediated selection on plant-level attractants such as floral display size is stronger than on flower-level attractant such as flower color. Second, when comparing plant species, distinc ...
Handle:
10113/7709407
DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2020.587528

13. Bee species visiting Medicago sativa differ in pollen deposition curves with consequences for gene flow

Author:
Santa‐Martinez Emmanuel; Cibele Cardoso Castro; Andrew Flick; Michael Sullivan; Heathcliffe Riday; Murray K. Clayton; Johanne Brunet
Source:
American journal of botany 2021 v.108 no.6 pp. 1016-1028
ISSN:
0002-9122
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Bombus impatiens; Medicago sativa; alleles; flowers; gene flow; models; pollen; pollen flow; racemes; risk; solitary bees; stigma; tetraploidy;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... PREMISE: Pollinator foraging behavior can influence pollen dispersal and gene flow. In many plant species a pollinator trips a flower by applying pressure to release its sexual organs. We propose that differences in tripping rate among grooming pollinators could generate distinct pollen deposition curves, the pattern of pollen deposition over successive flowers visited. This study compares the pol ...
Handle:
10113/7709311
DOI:
10.1002/ajb2.1683

14. Effects of Temperature and Wildflower Strips on Survival and Macronutrient Stores of the Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Under Extended Cold Storage

Author:
Park Mia G; Delphia Casey M; Prince Cassandra; Yocum George D; Rinehart Joseph P; O’Neill Kevin M; Burkle Laura A; Bowsher Julia H; Greenlee Kendra J
Source:
Environmental Entomology pp. -
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; alfalfa; body weight; cold storage; entomology; glycogen; lipids; nests; overwintering; pollination; pollinators; progeny; shelf life; temperature; trehalose; wild flowers;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Megachile rotundata (F.) is an important pollinator of alfalfa in the United States. Enhancing landscapes with wildflowers is a primary strategy for conserving pollinators and may improve the sustainability of M. rotundata. Changing cold storage temperatures from a traditionally static thermal regime (STR) to a fluctuating thermal regime (FTR) improves overwintering success and extends M. rotundat ...
Handle:
10113/7922472
DOI:
10.1093/ee/nvac062
CHORUS:
10.1093/ee/nvac062

15. Crithidia bombi can infect two solitary bee species while host survivorship depends on diet

Author:
Laura L. Figueroa; Cali Grincavitch; Scott H. McArt
Source:
Parasitology 2021 v.148 no.4 pp. 435-442
ISSN:
1469-8161
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Bombus; Crithidia bombi; Osmia lignaria; diet; digestive system; malnutrition; microbial load; parasitology; pollen; pollinators; probability; solitary bees; survival rate;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pathogens and lack of floral resources interactively impair global pollinator health. However, epidemiological and nutritional studies aimed at understanding bee declines have historically focused on social species, with limited evaluations of solitary bees. Here, we asked whether Crithidia bombi, a trypanosomatid gut pathogen known to infect bumble bees, could infect the solitary bees Osmia ligna ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0031182020002218

16. Examining Historical Rates of Leafcutting Bee Brood Cell Pathogens, Parasitoids, and Predators to Establish Baseline Infectivity Rates for Alfalfa Seed Growers

Author:
Justin Clements; James Barbour; Maggie Haylett; Brenda Nelson; Benjamin Bradford; Doug Walsh
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2022 v.115 no.4 pp. 1170-1176
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; adults; alfalfa; brood cells; chalk brood; entomology; fungi; invertebrates; larval development; leafcutter bees; leaves; parasitoids; pathogenicity; pollen; pollinators; pupation; seed industry;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The alfalfa leafcutting bee Megachile rotundata (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) is the primary pollinator for the alfalfa seed industry. It is a solitary cavity nesting bee that utilizes leaf lined brood cells provisioned with pollen for larval development and pupation into the adult stage. During development, multiple pathogens, parasitoids, and predators can prey upon or use the larvae a ...
DOI:
10.1093/jee/toac082

17. Presence of Pathogen-killed Larvae Influences Nesting Behavior of the Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

Author:
Ellen G. Klinger; Dennis L. Welker; Rosalind R. James
Source:
Journal of economic entomology 2021 v.114 no.3 pp. 1047-1052
ISSN:
0022-0493
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; alfalfa; bees; chalk brood; entomology; fungi; nests; pollen; pollinators; progeny;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The alfalfa leafcutting bee (Megachile rotundata (Fabricius)), a commercial pollinator used for alfalfa seed production, is susceptible to chalkbrood disease via ingested fungal spores. Diseases of insects can elicit behavioral changes in their hosts, but there are no recorded behaviors of alfalfa leafcutting bees in response to this fungal exposure. We conducted field studies to determine whether ...
Handle:
10113/7431198
DOI:
10.1093/jee/toab030

18. Overwintering conditions impact insulin pathway gene expression in diapausing Megachile rotundata

Author:
Lizzette D. Cambron; George D. Yocum; Kathleen M. Yeater; Kendra J. Greenlee
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.256 pp. 110937
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; alfalfa; cell cycle; diapause; gene expression; genes; insulin; metabolism; overwintering; temperature;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Diapause is a non-feeding state that many insects undergo to survive the winter months. With fixed resources, overall metabolism and insulin signaling (IIS) are maintained at low levels, but whether those change in response to seasonal temperature fluctuations remains unknown. The focus of this study was to determine 1) how genes in the insulin signaling pathway vary throughout diapause and 2) if ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110937
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110937

19. Active genic machinery for epigenetic RNA modifications in bees

Author:
L. Bataglia; Z. L. P. Simões; F. M. F. Nunes
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2021 v.30 no.6 pp. 566-579
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; 5-methylcytosine; Apis mellifera; Bombus terrestris; Dufourea novaeangliae; Frieseomelitta varia; Melipona quadrifasciata; brain; epigenetics; eukaryotic cells; fat body; instars; larvae; metabolism; methylation; methyltransferases; molecular biology;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Epitranscriptomics is an emerging field of investigation dedicated to the study of post‐transcriptional RNA modifications. RNA methylations regulate RNA metabolism and processing, including changes in response to environmental cues. Although RNA modifications are conserved from bacteria to eukaryotes, there is little evidence of an epitranscriptomic pathway in insects. Here we identified genes rel ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12726

20. Connectivity and edge effects increase bee colonization in an experimentally fragmented landscape

Author:
Sean R. Griffin; Nick M. Haddad
Source:
Ecography 2021 v.44 no.6 pp. 919-927
ISSN:
0906-7590
Subject:
Megachile rotundata,   etc   ; Fabaceae; bees; habitat fragmentation; habitat preferences; habitats; nesting sites; nests; occupations; population dynamics;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Though landscape corridors increase dispersal of many animals and plants, it remains unknown whether these positive effects extend to the process of colonization and establishment of new populations in fragments. Working in experimentally fragmented landscapes, we tested how two aspects of habitat fragments altered by corridors – connectivity and edge‐to‐area ratio – determine patterns of coloniza ...
DOI:
10.1111/ecog.05299