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... Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is the bacterial pathogen responsible for Pierce's Disease (PD) in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and numerous diseases in agriculturally and ecologically important species. Current theory suggests that localized inoculations via insect feeding lead to bacterial spread through the xylem, reducing water transport capacity, leading to declines in productivity, and ultimately d ...
... BACKGROUND: The glassy‐winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), is a primary vector of Pierce's disease of grapes in California. Systemic imidacloprid treatments have been the mainstay of area‐wide treatment programs that were established in the Central Valley (Kern and Tulare Counties) and Southern California (Riverside County) during the 1990s to combat the pest. The programs helpe ...
... Xylella fastidiosa causes many economically important plant diseases such as Pierce's disease of grapevine, citrus variegated chlorosis disease, and olive quick decline syndrome. Another species in the same genus, Xylella taiwanensis, causes pear leaf scorch. Here, to enable an initial screening of plants suspected of being infected with Xylella spp. by conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR ...
... The meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae), is a vector of the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa; however, its role in recent outbreaks of Pierce's disease of grapevine (PD) in California is unclear. While the phenology and ecology of P. spumarius can help determine its contributions to PD epidemics, both remain poorly described in the North Coast vineyards of ...
Pierce'sdisease, etc ; Vitis vinifera; Xylella fastidiosa; biofilm; flavonoids; loci; metabolites; pathogens; phenolic compounds; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pierce's disease is of major concern for grapevine (Vitis vinifera) production wherever the bacterial pathogen Xylella fastidiosa and its sharpshooter vectors are present. Long term management includes deployment of resistant grapevines such as those containing the PdR1 locus from wild grapevine species Vitis arizonica, which does not develop Pierce's disease upon infection. However, little is und ...
Pierce'sdisease, etc ; Homalodisca vitripennis; Xylella fastidiosa; adhesion; bacteria; bacterial colonization; entomology; foregut; mutation; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Xylella fastidiosa (Wells) is a xylem-limited bacterium that causes Pierce's disease of grapevines. The bacterium is transmitted by insect vectors such as the glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar). Experiments were conducted to compare the role of selected X. fastidiosa genes on 1) bacterial acquisition and retention in GWSS foreguts, and 2) transmission to grapevines ...
... ARS researchers optimized the Ribonucleic-acid interference, RNAi, double stranded RNA trigger molecules by incorporating modified pyrimidines, to significantly increase hemipteran pest mortality. The three insect vectors threaten global food security and include: The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri, the vector which transmits the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the most ...
Pierce'sdisease, etc ; Homalodisca vitripennis; Pantoea agglomerans; arthropods; chemical control; entomology; pollution; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Paratransgenic control of pests can be an alternative to chemical control, which is associated with environmental contamination, and higher input cost. We have recently developed paratransgenic control strategy to block transmission of the Pierce's disease pathogen—Xylella fastidiosa by its arthropod vector—Homalodisca vitripennis (the glassy‐winged sharpshooter) using antimicrobial peptide‐expres ...
Connor A. Brandenburg; Claudia A. Castro; Alex A. Blacutt; Elizabeth A. Costa; Kyler C. Brinton; Diana W. Corral; Christopher L. Drozd; M. Caroline Roper; Philippe E. Rolshausen; Katherine N. Maloney; Jonathan W. Lockner
... Pierce’s disease of grapevine and citrus huanglongbing are caused by the bacterial pathogens Xylella fastidiosa and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), respectively. Both pathogens reside within the plant vascular system, occluding water and nutrient transport, leading to a decrease in productivity and fruit marketability and ultimately death of their hosts. Field observations of apparently ...
Pierce'sdisease, etc ; Homalodisca vitripennis; Vaccinium corymbosum; Vitis; Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa; blueberries; crops; cultivars; disease control; fruit diseases; grapes; laboratory experimentation; leaves; pests; scorch; California; Southeastern United States; Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bacterial leaf scorch disease caused by Xylella fastidiosa occurs in southern highbush blueberry varieties in the southeastern United States. Susceptibility to X. fastidiosa varies by blueberry cultivar, and these interactions are often strain-specific. Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa is the causal agent of Pierce’s disease in grapevines, and it has been problematic in the San Joaquin Valley ...
... When an exotic invasive species is a vector-borne plant pathogen, vector feeding behavior must be studied to identify potential host plant range, and its performance of specialized pathogen-transmitting behaviors. The most rigorous tool for assessing vector feeding behavior is electropenetrography (EPG). Xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative bacterium native to the Americas, where it is the causal ...
... Pierce's disease (PD) in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is caused by the bacterial pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. X. fastidiosa is limited to the xylem tissue and following infection induces extensive plant‐derived xylem blockages, primarily in the form of tyloses. Tylose‐mediated vessel occlusions are a hallmark of PD, particularly in susceptible V. vinifera. We temporally monitored tylose development ...
Pierce'sdisease, etc ; Gram-negative bacteria; Vitis vinifera; Xylella fastidiosa; carbohydrate composition; cultivars; grapes; mutants; parenchyma (plant tissue); pectins; polygalacturonase; population size; virulence; xylem vessels; xyloglucans; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative bacterium that causes Pierce’s disease (PD) in grapevine. X. fastidiosa is xylem-limited and interfaces primarily with pit membranes (PMs) that separate xylem vessels from one another and from adjacent xylem parenchyma cells. PMs are composed of both pectic and cellulosic substrates, and dissolution of PMs is facilitated by X. fastidiosa cell wall-degrading en ...
Pierce'sdisease, etc ; Vitis; Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa; data collection; ecological models; genes; genetic variation; genomics; genotype; industry; landscapes; microbiology; pathogens; population structure; reverse genetics; temperature; virulence; California; Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa causes Pierce's disease of grapevine (PD) and has been present in California for over a century. A singly introduced genotype spread across the state causing large outbreaks and damaging the grapevine industry. This study presents 122 X. fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa genomes from symptomatic grapevines, and explores pathogen genetic diversity associated with PD ...
... Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine is caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. In this study, an integrated approach was applied to assess PD susceptibility among different Vitis vinifera cultivars that incorporated disease severity, bacterial pathogen abundance and loss of stem xylem hydraulic conductivity. It was hypothesized that levels of PD susceptibility in V. vinifera can be attributed i ...
... BACKGROUND: Glassy‐winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is an important vector of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of Pierce's disease of grapevine. Area‐wide insecticide applications have suppressed GWSS populations for ∼ 25 years, but reduced levels of insecticide susceptibility have been reported. Therefore, alternative methods ...
Pierce'sdisease, etc ; Homalodisca vitripennis; Vitis; Xylella fastidiosa; bioassays; females; field experimentation; insecticides; males; mating disruption; pests; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The glassy‐winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis, is an important pest of grapevines due to its ability to transmit Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of Pierce's disease. GWSS mating communication is based on vibrational signals; therefore, vibrational mating disruption could be an alternative to insecticides for suppression of the GWSS population. Our objectives were ...
... Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), the causal agent of Pierce's disease (PD), has long been considered a major threat to prosperous European viticulture. In May of 2017, PD was officially detected on a grapevine in Mallorca. To better understand the epidemiology of the first established outbreak of PD in Europe, the disease incidence and severity were assessed, vector transmission experiments were performed ...
... Bacterial phytopathogen Xylella fastidiosa infects a wide range of crops worldwide, including grapevine (Pierce's Disease). Concentration of secondary plant metabolites found in grape xylem sap, such as phenolic compounds, fluctuate in response to pathogen infection and may be involved in plant defense response. Specific effects of biologically relevant concentrations of phenolic compounds (gallic ...
Maria De Benedictis; Monica De Caroli; Ivan Baccelli; Guido Marchi; Gianluca Bleve; Antonia Gallo; Francesco Ranaldi; Vittorio Falco; Vittorio Pasquali; Gabriella Piro; Giovanni Mita; Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano
... Xylella fastidiosa is a Gram‐negative, xylem‐limited, bacterium which is responsible, in Italy, for the olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS). The disease is caused by the subspecies pauca and emerged a few years ago in the Apulia province of Lecce, in the Salento peninsula, on Olea europaea plants. X. fastidiosa can infect different plant species and is well known in California as the causal agent ...