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1. The sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus as a bioeroder of plastic

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Smith, Kathryn E.; Lewis, Ceri;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 pp. 133621
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Paracentrotus lividus; bioavailability; bioerosion; biofouling; feces; food webs; grazing; macroalgae; marine ecosystems; marine environment; microplastics; particulates; pollution
Abstract:
... It is increasingly recognised that plastic pollution of the marine environment is highly dynamic in nature. Larger plastic items are fragmented or eroded into smaller and smaller pieces as its moves through marine ecosystems and small particles can be fouled or flocculate into larger aggregates. Whilst physical processes play a major part in photo- and oxidative degradation of plastic debris, biol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133621

2. Particle characteristics of microplastics contaminating the mussel Mytilus edulis and their surrounding environments

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Scott, Nicholas; Santillo, David; Simpson, Holly; Lloyd-Williams, Sophie; Lewis, Ceri;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Marine pollution bulletin 2019
ISSN:
0025-326X
Subject:
Mytilus edulis; littoral zone; microplastics; mussels; particle size; seawater; sediments; water pollution; England
Abstract:
... We investigated the environmental partitioning and particle characteristics of macro-, meso- and microplastics and their uptake into the mussel, Mytilus edulis. Sediment samples, overlying seawater and mussels from 9 intertidal locations in the South West of England were analysed for abundance and type of microplastic. Micro- and mesoplastic-like particles were found in 88.5% of the 269 mussels sa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.041

3. Role of Marine Snows in Microplastic Fate and Bioavailability

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Lyons, Brett P.; Galloway, Tamara S.; Lewis, Ceri;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7111-7119
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
benthic organisms; bioavailability; fossils; marine sediments; mussels; oceans; plastics; pollution; polyamides; surface water
Abstract:
... Microplastics contaminate global oceans and are accumulating in sediments at levels thought sufficient to leave a permanent layer in the fossil record. Despite this, the processes that vertically transport buoyant polymers from surface waters to the benthos are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that laboratory generated marine snows can transport microplastics of different shapes, sizes, and ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01000

4. Aortic thrombosis in dogs

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Williams, Trevor P.E.; Shaw, Scott; Berkwitt, Larry;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care 2017 v.27 no.1 pp. 9-22
ISSN:
1479-3261
Subject:
anticoagulants; aorta; cats; computed tomography; dogs; heparin; image analysis; pathophysiology; prognosis; retrospective studies; therapeutics; thrombosis; warfarin
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To review information regarding etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment options for aortic thrombotic disease in dogs. ETIOLOGY: Diseases resulting in hypercoagulable states can cause thrombus formation in the distal aorta, and account for the majority of cases of aortic thrombosis (ATh) in dogs, although a substantial number of cases have no identifiable underlying cause. Aortic throm ...
DOI:
10.1111/vec.12527

5. Through the sands of time: Beach litter trends from nine cleaned north cornish beaches

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Watts, Andrew J.R.; Hembrow, Neil; Sharpe, Jolyon; Galloway, Tamara; Lewis, Ceri;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Environmental pollution 2017
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
beaches; cleaning; coasts; data collection; economic impact; marine environment; plastics; wastes; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Marine litter and its accumulation on beaches is an issue of major current concern due to its significant environmental and economic impacts. Yet our understanding of spatio-temporal trends in beach litter and the drivers of these trends are currently limited by the availability of robust long term data sets. Here we present a unique data set collected systematically once a month, every month over ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.016

6. Coral microbial community dynamics in response to anthropogenic impacts near a major city in the central Red Sea

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Ziegler, Maren; Roik, Anna; Zubier, Khalid; Mudarris, Mohammed S.; Ormond, Rupert; Voolstra, Christian R.;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
Marine pollution bulletin 2016 v.105 no.2 pp. 629-640
ISSN:
0025-326X
Subject:
Acropora; Rhodobacteraceae; Vibrionaceae; anthropogenic activities; bacteria; bacterial communities; coasts; community structure; corals; ecosystems; municipal wastewater; reefs; sewage; water pollution; Red Sea
Abstract:
... Coral-associated bacteria play an increasingly recognized part in coral health. We investigated the effect of local anthropogenic impacts on coral microbial communities on reefs near Jeddah, the largest city on the Saudi Arabian coast of the central Red Sea. We analyzed the bacterial community structure of water and corals (Pocillopora verrucosa and Acropora hemprichii) at sites that were relative ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.12.045

7. Effect of phenology on agonistic competitive interactions between invasive and native sheet-web spiders

Author:
Porter, Adam H.,   et al.   ; Houser, Jeremy D.; Ginsberg, Howard S.; Jakob, Elizabeth M.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Canadian journal of zoology 2016 v.94 no.6 pp. 427-434
ISSN:
1480-3283
Subject:
Linyphiidae; indigenous species; interspecific competition; invasive species; phenology; webs; Maine
Abstract:
... The phenologies of introduced relative to native species can greatly influence the degree and symmetry of competition between them. The European spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) (Linyphiidae) reaches very high densities in coastal Maine (USA). Previous studies suggest that L. triangularis negatively affects native linyphiid species, with competition for webs as one mechanism. We documen ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjz-2015-0221

8. AFLP Linkage Map of Hybridizing Swallowtail Butterflies, Papilio glaucus and Papilio canadensis

Author:
Porter, Adam H.,   et al.   ; Winter, Clayton B.;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Journal of heredity 2010 v.101 no.1 pp. 83-90
ISSN:
0022-1503
Subject:
Papilio glaucus; X chromosome; Y chromosome; amplified fragment length polymorphism; butterflies; chromosome mapping; genetic variation; host plants; hybrids; introgression; linkage groups; loci; progeny; segregation distortion
Abstract:
... High-density linkage maps provide powerful tools for studying the genetic basis of ecologically relevant adaptations and the genomic scope of introgression. We backcrossed an F₁ hybrid male Papilio glaucus/Papilio canadensis tiger swallowtail butterfly to a pure P. glaucus female and constructed amplified fragment length polymorphism linkage maps from the progeny. The paternal map contains 309 mar ...
DOI:
10.1093/jhered/esp067
PubMed:
19656818

9. Delimiting species boundaries and the conservation genetics of the endangered maritime ringlet butterfly (Coenonympha nipisiquit McDunnough)

Author:
PORTER, ADAM H.,   et al.   ; SEI, MAKIRI;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Molecular ecology 2007 v.16 no.16 pp. 3313-3325
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
DNA fragmentation; amplified fragment length polymorphism; ancestry; butterflies; cytochrome-c oxidase; gene flow; introgression; mitochondrial DNA; phylogeny; population structure; statistics
Abstract:
... Species delimitation is a difficult problem that has implications across organismal biology, yet no single method has proved wholly satisfactory. We tested the utility of combining species-delimitation methods based on phylogeny and gene flow statistics using two parapatric members of the Coenonympha tullia group as an example: the endangered maritime ringlet butterfly (Coenonympha nipisiquit McDu ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03384.x
PubMed:
17688535

10. Use of sperm precedence to infer the overwintering cost of insecticide resistance in the Colorado potato beetle

Author:
Porter, Adam H.,   et al.   ; Baker, Mitchell B.;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Agricultural and forest entomology 2008 v.10 no.3 pp. 181-187
ISSN:
1461-9555
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; adults; at-risk population; autumn; diapause; females; imidacloprid; insecticide resistance; overwintering; progeny; spermatozoa; spring; summer; winter
Abstract:
... 1 Resistance to insecticides is a model system for studying adaptation. Although selection for resistance is always strong in areas and seasons where populations are exposed to insecticides, costs of resistance, which may only be expressed in the absence of insecticide use, will shape how quickly resistance will evolve. 2 We used sperm precedence to measure the shifts in resistance to imidacloprid ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1461-9563.2008.00370.x

11. Modeling range dynamics in heterogeneous landscapes: invasion of the hemlock woolly adelgid in eastern North America

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Preisser, Evan L.; Elkinton, Joseph; Ellison, Aaron M.;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Ecological applications 2012 v.22 no.2 pp. 472-486
ISSN:
1051-0761
Subject:
Adelges tsugae; climate; data collection; dynamic models; geographic information systems; global change; habitats; indigenous species; introduced species; landscapes; risk; spatial variation; stochastic processes; temperature; temporal variation; winter; North America
Abstract:
... Range expansion by native and exotic species will continue to be a major component of global change. Anticipating the potential effects of changes in species distributions requires models capable of forecasting population spread across realistic, heterogeneous landscapes and subject to spatiotemporal variability in habitat suitability. Several decades of theory and model development, as well as in ...
DOI:
10.1890/11-0009.1

12. Parallel evolution in sympatric, hybridizing species: performance of Colias butterflies on their introduced host plants

Author:
Porter, Adam H.,   et al.   ; Levin, Elena J.;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 2007 v.124 no.1 pp. 77-99
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
Colias eurytheme; Colias philodice; ancestry; body size; butterflies; economics; experimental design; females; genes; genetic correlation; genetic similarity; heritability; host plants; host range; introgression; larval development; legumes; life history; males; multivariate analysis; parallel evolution; pests; protandry; pupae; survival rate; sympatry; North America
Abstract:
... Shared ancestry and introgression can contribute to genetic similarity between hybridizing species, and it is generally difficult to disentangle these causes. However, shared ancestry plays a more limited role in traits that have recently undergone parallel directional selection in the two species, permitting the role of introgression to be better understood. The butterflies Colias eurytheme (Bois ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1570-7458.2007.00553.x

13. Evolution of branched regulatory genetic pathways: directional selection on pleiotropic loci accelerates developmental system drift

Author:
Porter, Adam H.,   et al.   ; Johnson, Norman A.;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Genetica 2007 v.129 no.1 pp. 57-70
ISSN:
0016-6707
Subject:
divergent evolution; loci; models; mutants; prediction
Abstract:
... Developmental systems are regulated by a web of interacting loci. One common and useful approach in studying the evolution of development is to focus on classes of interacting elements within these systems. Here, we use individual-based simulations to study the evolution of traits controlled by branched developmental pathways involving three loci, where one locus regulates two different traits. We ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10709-006-0033-2
PubMed:
16912839

14. Ecological boundary detection using Bayesian areal wombling

Author:
Porter, Adam,   et al.   ; Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Preisser, Evan L.; Elkinton, Joseph; Waller, Lance A.; Carlin, Bradley P.; Ellison, Aaron M.;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
Ecology 2010 v.91 no.12 pp. 3448-3455
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
Adelges tsugae; Bayesian theory; biogeography; data collection; ecology; indigenous species; invasive species; public health; uncertainty
Abstract:
... The study of ecological boundaries and their dynamics is of fundamental importance to much of ecology, biogeography, and evolution. Over the past two decades, boundary analysis (of which wombling is a subfield) has received considerable research attention, resulting in multiple approaches for the quantification of ecological boundaries. Nonetheless, few methods have been developed that can simulta ...
DOI:
10.1890/10-0807.1

15. Limitations to the inference of gene flow at regional geographic scales--an example from the Pieris napi group (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in Europe

Author:
PORTER, ADAM H.,   et al.   ; GEIGER, HANSJÜRG;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Biological journal of the Linnean Society 1995 v.54 no.4 pp. 329-348
ISSN:
0024-4066
Subject:
Pieris napi; allozymes; butterflies; edge effects; gene flow; genetic variation; hybrids; population size; population structure; primary contact; secondary contact; Corsica; Italy; Switzerland
Abstract:
... We used hierarchical and pairwise F-statistics to describe genetic differentiation and infer gene flow (M) on local and regional scales within and among parapatric European butterfly taxa in the Pieris napi (L.) group. Within-population allozyme variability is consistently high, and local effective population sizes are inferred to be in the thousands of individuals. The pairwise analysis yields an ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1095-8312.1995.tb01041.x

16. Survey for Winter Moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Northeastern North America with Pheromone-Baited Traps and Hybridization with the Native Bruce Spanworm (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

Author:
Porter, Adam H.,   et al.   ; Elkinton, Joseph S.; Boettner, George H.; Sremac, Marinko; Gwiazdowski, Rodger; Hunkins, Roy R.; Callahan, Julie; Scheufele, Susan B.; Donahue, Charlene P.; Khrimian, Ashot; Whited, Brenda M.; Campbell, Nichole K.;     Show all 12 Authors
Source:
Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2010 v.103 no.2 pp. 135
ISSN:
0013-8746
Subject:
Operophtera brumata; moths; insect surveys; trapping; pheromone traps; Operophtera bruceata; interspecific hybridization; hybrids; insect morphology; genitalia; mitochondrial DNA; cytochrome-c oxidase; glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase; sequence analysis; genetic variation; pest identification; geographical distribution; invasive species; Northeastern United States; Nova Scotia; New Brunswick; Quebec
Abstract:
... We used pheromone-baited traps to survey the distribution of winter moth, Operophtera brumata (L.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a new invasive defoliator from Europe in eastern New England. The traps also attracted Bruce spanworm, Operophtera bruceata (Hulst) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), native to North America. We distinguished between the two species by examining male genitalia and sequencing the ...
Handle:
10113/39367
DOI:
10.1603/AN09118