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1. Next generation amplicon sequencing improves detection of Blastocystis mixed subtype infections

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Maloney, Jenny G.; Molokin, Aleksey;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Infection, genetics, and evolution 2019 v.73 pp. 119-125
ISSN:
1567-1348
Subject:
Blastocystis; cattle; epidemiology; feces; food contamination; genes; genetic variation; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; humans; ingestion; mixed infection; parasites; protists; ribosomal RNA
Abstract:
... Blastocystis is a highly prevalent enteric protist parasite of humans and animals. Transmission occurs via the fecal-oral route through ingestion of contaminated food or water. Genetic diversity studies have identified numerous subtypes (STs) within the genus Blastocystis based on polymorphism at the SSU rRNA gene. Although there is evidence of frequent mixed subtype infections, the extent of with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meegid.2019.04.013

2. Host Specificity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Public Health Implications

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Li, Wei; Feng, Yaoyu;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Trends in parasitology 2019 v.35 no.6 pp. 436-451
ISSN:
1471-4922
Subject:
Enterocytozoon bieneusi; birds; genotype; geographical distribution; host specificity; humans; internal transcribed spacers; microsporidiosis; parasites; public health; sequence analysis; wild animals
Abstract:
... Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common cause of human microsporidiosis and it also infects a wide range of mammals and birds worldwide. The role of animals in the transmission of this parasite to humans and its public health importance remain poorly elucidated. This review summarizes all E. bieneusi genotypes identified thus far based on sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pt.2019.04.004

3. Zoonotic and genetically diverse subtypes of Blastocystis in US pre-weaned dairy heifer calves

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Maloney, Jenny G.; Lombard, Jason E.; Urie, Natalie J.; Shivley, Chelsey B.;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Parasitology research 2019 v.118 no.2 pp. 575-582
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Blastocystis; calves; feces; food animals; genetic variation; geographical distribution; humans; pathogens; risk; United States
Abstract:
... Blastocystis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen with global distribution. However, limited data exist on the prevalence and genetic diversity of Blastocystis in the USA and in food animals. We conducted the first large-scale molecular investigation of Blastocystis in the USA by testing 2539 fecal samples from dairy heifer calves from 13 states. Blastocystis was detected in 73 (2.9%) fecal samples an ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-018-6149-3

4. A highly sensitive method for detecting Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts recovered from source and finished water using RT-PCR directed to Cryspovirus RNA

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; de Souza, Milena Sato; O'Brien, Celia; Jenkins, Mark;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2019 v.156 pp. 77-80
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
Cryptosporidium parvum; Cryspovirus; Protozoa; RNA; capsid; fluorescent antibody technique; genes; human diseases; oocysts; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... Sensitive detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts is important because the protozoan can cause clinical infection in humans at extremely low numbers. In the present study, 1.5 × 102, 1.0 × 103, or 1.0 × 104C. parvum oocysts were spiked into 10 l of source or finished water in triplicate followed by recovery using Envirochek HV sampling capsules. One subsample of the recovered oocysts was analyzed by ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2018.11.022

5. Molecular Characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Wild Carnivores in Spain

Author:
Santín, Mónica,   et al.   ; Calero‐Bernal, Rafael; Carmena, David; Mateo, Marta; Balseiro, Ana; Barral, Marta; Lima Barbero, José Francisco; Habela, Miguel Ángel;     Show all 8 Authors
Source:
Thejournal of eukaryotic microbiology 2018 v.65 no.4 pp. 468-474
ISSN:
1066-5234
Subject:
Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Martes foina; Vulpes vulpes; badgers; carnivores; epidemiology; feces; genetic variation; genotype; hosts; human diseases; humans; internal transcribed spacers; invertebrates; parasites; pathogens; phylogeny; pollution; polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; Spain
Abstract:
... Microsporidia comprises a diverse group of obligate intracellular parasites that infect a broad range of invertebrates and vertebrates. Among Microsporidia, Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequently detected species in humans and animals worldwide bringing into question the possible role of animal reservoirs in the epidemiology of this pathogen. Although E. bieneusi is an emerging zoonotic pa ...
DOI:
10.1111/jeu.12492

6. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in poultry from Brazil

Author:
Santín, Monica,   et al.   ; da Cunha, Maria Júlia Rodrigues; Cury, Márcia Cristina;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Research in veterinary science 2018 v.118 pp. 331-335
ISSN:
0034-5288
Subject:
Cryptosporidium; chickens; cryptosporidiosis; emus; feces; genes; genetic variation; guineafowl; host specificity; humans; markets; mixed infection; nucleotide sequences; ostriches; pheasants; quails; sequence analysis; turkeys; zoonoses; Brazil
Abstract:
... Cryptosporidiosis is an important zoonotic disease caused by Cryptosporidium. Infections in birds are mainly caused by C. meleagridis, C. baileyi, and C. galli. C. meleagridis is the third most common cause of cryptosporidiosis in humans and the only Cryptosporidium species known to infect both birds and mammals. One hundred and fifty-five fecal specimens from different poultry species (chicken, t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.03.010

7. Interlaboratory validation of an improved method for detection of Cyclospora cayetanensis in produce using a real-time PCR assay

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Murphy, Helen R.; Cinar, Hediye Nese; Gopinath, Gopal; Noe, Kathy E.; Chatman, Lacresha D.; Miranda, Nancy E.; Wetherington, June H.; Neal-McKinney, Jason; Pires, Gabrielle S.; Sachs, Elizabeth; Stanya, Kristopher J.; Johnson, Cynthia L.; Nascimento, Fernanda S.; Molokin, Aleksey; Samadpour, Mansour; Janagama, Harish; Kahler, Amy; Miller, Candace; da Silva, Alexandre J.;     Show all 20 Authors
Source:
Food microbiology 2018 v.69 pp. 170-178
ISSN:
0740-0020
Subject:
Cyclospora cayetanensis; Protozoa; cilantro; genes; oocysts; parasites; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; raspberries; ribosomal DNA; washing; United States
Abstract:
... A collaborative validation study was performed to evaluate the performance of a new U.S. Food and Drug Administration method developed for detection of the protozoan parasite, Cyclospora cayetanensis, on cilantro and raspberries. The method includes a sample preparation step in which oocysts are recovered from produce using an enhanced produce washing solution containing 0.1% Alconox and a commerc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fm.2017.08.008

8. Molecular identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia in Brazilian captive birds

Author:
Santín, Mónica,   et al.   ; da Cunha, Maria Júlia Rodrigues; Cury, Márcia Cristina;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Parasitology research 2017 v.116 no.2 pp. 487-493
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Aix galericulata; Anser cygnoides; Columba livia; Cryptosporidium baileyi; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Giardia lamblia; birds; feces; genotype; human diseases; internal transcribed spacers; pollution; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; sequence analysis; Brazil
Abstract:
... A total of 85 fecal samples from captive birds collected from October 2013 to September 2014 in Uberlândia and Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil) were evaluated for the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia by PCR. Of these, three birds were found positive for E. bieneusi (3.5%), two for Cryptosporidium (2.3%), and one for Giardia (1.2%). Two genotypes ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-016-5309-6

9. Evaluation of Fecal Indicators and Pathogens in a Beef Cattle Feedlot Vegetative Treatment System

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Durso, Lisa M.; Miller, Daniel N.; Snow, Daniel D.; Henry, Christopher G.; Woodbury, Bryan L.;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2017 v.46 no.1 pp. 169-176
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
Enterococcus; animal and human health; basins; beef cattle; coliform bacteria; cropland; feedlots; grasses; hay; irrigation water; land application; microbial contamination; pathogens; pollution; runoff; sediments; soil; vegetation
Abstract:
... Runoff from open-lot animal feeding areas contains microorganisms that may adversely affect human and animal health if not properly managed. One alternative to full manure containment systems is a vegetative treatment system (VTS) that collects runoff in a sediment basin and then applies it to a perennial vegetation (grass) treatment area that is harvested for hay. Little is known regarding the ef ...
Handle:
10113/5695413
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2016.05.0192

10. RT-PCR specific for Cryspovirus is a highly sensitive method for detecting Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Jenkins, Mark; O'Brien, Celia; Fetterer, Raymond;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Food and Waterborne Parasitology 2016 v.5 pp. 14-20
ISSN:
2405-6766
Subject:
Cryptosporidium parvum; Cryspovirus; RNA; calves; feces; genotyping; humans; nucleotide sequences; oocysts; parasites; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal DNA; risk; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... Cryptosporidium parvum represents a considerable health risk to humans and animals because the parasite has a low infectious dose and is usually present at low numbers in environmental samples, which makes detection problematic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Cryspovirus as a target for sensitive detection of C. parvum in clinical samples. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR (sqRT-PCR) and quantit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fawpar.2015.11.001

11. Effects of Enterococcus faecalis CECT 7121 on Cryptosporidium parvum infection in mice

Author:
Santín, Mónica,   et al.   ; Del Coco, Valeria F.; Sparo, Mónica D.; Sidoti, Alicia; Basualdo, Juan Angel; Córdoba, María Alejandra;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Parasitology research 2016 v.115 no.8 pp. 3239-3244
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Cryptosporidium parvum; Enterococcus faecalis; Protozoa; adverse effects; diarrhea; hosts; humans; immunocompromised population; intestinal mucosa; mice; parasites; probiotics; therapeutics
Abstract:
... Cryptosporidium is an opportunistic protozoan parasite of humans and animals worldwide and causes diarrheal disease that is typically self-limiting in immunocompetent hosts but often life threatening to immunocompromised individuals. However, there is a lack of completely efficient therapy available. Probiotics have attracted the attention as potential antiparasite compounds against protozoa invol ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-016-5087-1

12. Zoonotic Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes found in brazilian sheep

Author:
Santín, Monica,   et al.   ; Fiuza, Vagner Ricardo da Silva; Lopes, Carlos Wilson Gomes; Cosendey, Rachel Ingrid Juliboni; de Oliveira, Francisco Carlos Rodrigues; Fayer, Ronald;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Research in veterinary science 2016 v.107 pp. 196-201
ISSN:
0034-5288
Subject:
Enterocytozoon; farms; feces; genes; genotype; human health; immunocompromised population; internal transcribed spacers; lambs; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; risk; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... The presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in sheep has been reported in only three countries worldwide. The present study has found E. bieneusi in Brazilian sheep for the first time; in 24/125 (19.2%) fecal samples by PCR and on 8/10 (80%) farms from three diverse locations. A significantly greater number of lambs (34.1%) were found infected than older sheep (11.1%) (P=0.0036); most of the lambs wer ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.06.006

13. Widespread presence of human-pathogenic Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in chickens

Author:
Santín, Monica,   et al.   ; da Cunha, Maria Júlia Rodrigues; Cury, Márcia Cristina;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2016 v.217 pp. 108-112
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Enterocytozoon; chickens; feces; genotype; human diseases; humans; markets; pathogens; pollution; polymerase chain reaction; Brazil; Peru
Abstract:
... A total of 151 fecal specimens from chickens were randomly collected from local markets in Uberlândia and Belo Horizonte in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, to evaluate the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Enterocytozoon bieneusi was identified in 24 fecal samples (15.9%). This represents the first report of E. bieneusi in chickens in Brazil. All PCR-positi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.12.019

14. New findings of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in beef and dairy cattle in Brazil

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; da Silva Fiuza, Vagner Ricardo; Lopes, Carlos Wilson Gomes; de Oliveira, Francisco Carlos Rodrigues; Fayer, Ronald;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2016 v.216 pp. 46-51
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Enterocytozoon; adults; beef; beef cattle; body composition; calves; dairy cattle; feces; genotype; heifers; herds; human diseases; humans; internal transcribed spacers; parasites; pathogens; phylogeny; risk; Brazil
Abstract:
... Microsporidia are widely recognized as important human pathogens with Enterocytozoon bieneusi as the most common species infecting humans and animals, including cattle. Although Brazil has the second largest cattle herd in the world and it is the largest exporter of beef there are no data on the presence or impact of E. bieneusi on this important population. To fill this knowledge gap, fecal speci ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.12.008

15. Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium Infecting White‐tailed Deer

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Fayer, Ronald;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
The journal of eukaryotic microbiology 2015 v.62 no.1 pp. 34-43
ISSN:
1066-5234
Subject:
Cryptosporidium; Giardia lamblia; Odocoileus virginianus; adults; deer; fawns; feces; genotype; humans; parasites; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; Maryland
Abstract:
... Despite a white‐tailed deer (WTD) population in the United States of approximately 32 million animals extremely little is known of the prevalence and species of the protists that infect these animals. This study was undertaken to determine the presence of potential human protist pathogens in culled WTD in central Maryland. Feces from fawns to adults were examined by molecular methods. The prevalen ...
DOI:
10.1111/jeu.12155

16. A Highly Divergent 33 kDa Cryptosporidium parvum Antigen

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Jenkins, Mark C.; Widmer, Giovanni; O'Brien, Celia; Bauchan, Gary; Murphy, Charles; Fayer, Ronald;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
The Journal of parasitology 2014 v.100 no.4 pp. 527-531
ISSN:
0022-3395
Subject:
Cryptosporidium hominis; Cryptosporidium parvum; DNA; Escherichia coli; air drying; amino acid sequences; antigens; antiserum; blood serum; excystation; fluorescent antibody technique; genes; host preferences; host specificity; messenger RNA; nucleotide sequences; oocysts; parasites; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; prediction; recombinant proteins; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sporozoites; topology
Abstract:
... Previous studies comparing the genome sequences of Cryptosporidium parvum with Cryptosporidium hominis identified a number of highly divergent genes that might reflect positive selection for host specificity. In the present study, the C. parvum DNA sequence cgd8-5370, which encodes a protein whose amino acid sequence differs appreciably from its homologue in C. hominis, was cloned by PCR and expre ...
DOI:
10.1645/13-433.1

17. Cryptosporidium parvum GP60 subtypes in dairy cattle from Buenos Aires, Argentina

Author:
Santín, Mónica,   et al.   ; Del Coco, Valeria F.; Córdoba, María A.; Bilbao, Gladys; de Almeida Castro, Aldana Pinto; Basualdo, Juan A.; Fayer, Ronald;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
Research in veterinary science 2014 v.96 no.2 pp. 311-314
ISSN:
0034-5288
Subject:
Cryptosporidium parvum; calving; cryptosporidiosis; dairy calves; diarrhea; genes; humans; mixed infection; sequence analysis; Argentina
Abstract:
... Cryptosporidium parvum from 73 dairy calves less than two months old from Buenos Aires province (Argentina) were molecularly characterized using sequence analysis of the GP60 gene. Seventy-five sequences were obtained, and seven different subtypes were identified, all belonging to the IIa subtype family. The most common subtypes were IIaA20G1R1 (27/75), IIaA22G1R1 (16/75), and IIaA18G1R1 (13/75). ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.12.010

18. First report of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from dairy cattle in Argentina

Author:
Santín, Mónica,   et al.   ; Del Coco, Valeria F.; Córdoba, María Alejandra; Bilbao, Gladys; de Almeida Castro, Pinto; Basualdo, Juan Angel;     Show all 6 Authors
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2014 v.199 no.1-2 pp. 112-115
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
calving; dairy calves; feces; genotype; humans; nucleotide sequences; polymerase chain reaction; risk; sequence analysis; sieving; sucrose; Argentina
Abstract:
... Fecal specimens were obtained from a total of 70 dairy calves less than two months old on 11 municipalities in Buenos Aires, Argentina. After removal of fecal debris by sieving and sucrose flotation, specimens were subjected to PCR to detect the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi. PCR revealed a 14.3% of prevalence for E. bieneusi with 10 positive calves from 7 municipalities. Gene sequence analy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.09.024

19. A large scale molecular study of Giardia duodenalis in horses from Colombia

Author:
Santín, Mónica,   et al.   ; Cortés Vecino, Jesús A.; Fayer, Ronald;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2013 v.196 no.1-2 pp. 31-36
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
Giardia lamblia; feces; genes; genotype; glutamate dehydrogenase; horses; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; triose-phosphate isomerase; Colombia
Abstract:
... The prevalence of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in horses is poorly known. The present study examined feces from 195 horses, 1 month–17 years of age, in 4 locations in Colombia. Prevalence of infection was determined by PCR and all positives were sequenced to determine the genotypes. Thirty four (17.4%) horses were found positive. This is the first report of G. duodenalis in horses from Colombia. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.02.006
PubMed:
23474231

20. Adhesive-tape recovery combined with molecular and microscopic testing for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts on experimentally contaminated fresh produce and a food preparation surface

Author:
Santin, Monica,   et al.   ; Fayer, Ronald; Macarisin, Dumitru; Bauchan, Gary;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Parasitology research 2013 v.112 no.4 pp. 1567-1574
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
Cryptosporidium parvum; apples; cucumbers; fluorescence microscopy; fresh produce; oocysts; parasites; peaches; polymerase chain reaction; tomatoes; trichomes
Abstract:
... A proof of concept study was conducted to determine if transparent double-sided adhesive tape could be used to recover and detect [by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IFA)] Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts on fresh produce and on a food preparation surface. Oocysts were applied on the surface of ten apples, ten peaches, eight cucumbers, and eight tomatoes within cir ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-013-3305-7
PubMed:
23411739