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1. Context effects produced by question orders reveal quantum nature of human judgments

Author:
Shiffrin, Richard M.,   et al.   ; Wang, Zheng; Solloway, Tyler; Busemeyer, Jerome R.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014 v.111 no.26 pp. 9431-9436
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
decision making; humans; laboratory experimentation; national surveys; physics; prediction; probability
Abstract:
... The hypothesis that human reasoning obeys the laws of quantum rather than classical probability has been used in recent years to explain a variety of seemingly “irrational” judgment and decision-making findings. This article provides independent evidence for this hypothesis based on an a priori prediction, called the quantum question (QQ) equality, concerning the effect of asking attitude question ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1407756111
PubMed:
24979797
PubMed Central:
PMC4084470

2. Stereotype threat prevents perceptual learning

Author:
Shiffrin, Richard M.,   et al.   ; Rydell, Robert J.; Boucher, Kathryn L.; Van Loo, Katie; Rydell, Michael T.;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 v.107 no.32 pp. 14042-14047
ISSN:
0027-8424
Subject:
color; learning; women
Abstract:
... Stereotype threat (ST) refers to a situation in which a member of a group fears that her or his performance will validate an existing negative performance stereotype, causing a decrease in performance. For example, reminding women of the stereotype "women are bad at math" causes them to perform more poorly on math questions from the SAT and GRE. Performance deficits can be of several types and be ...
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1002815107
PubMed:
20660737
PubMed Central:
PMC2922584