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... Altered precipitation in the arid southwestern USA will influence both plant and soil communities, but relatively few studies explore its impact on soil arthropods who comprise an important component of soil food webs. Further, while vegetation has a well-documented influence on soil communities, it is unclear how the plant community might influence their response to altered precipitation. We alte ...
Emily L. Schultz; Lisa Hülsmann; Michiel D. Pillet; Florian Hartig; David D. Breshears; Sydne Record; John D. Shaw; R. Justin DeRose; Pieter A. Zuidema; Margaret E. K. Evans
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Pinus edulis; climate; climate change; extinction; forest inventory; geographical distribution; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Estimates of the percentage of species “committed to extinction” by climate change range from 15% to 37%. The question is whether factors other than climate need to be included in models predicting species’ range change. We created demographic range models that include climate vs. climate‐plus‐competition, evaluating their influence on the geographic distribution of Pinus edulis, a pine endemic to ...
John C. Hammond; Caelan Simeone; Jory S. Hecht; Glenn A. Hodgkins; Melissa Lombard; Greg McCabe; Dave Wolock; Michael Wieczorek; Carolyn Olson; Todd Caldwell; Rob Dudley; Adam N. Price
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; climate; drought; dry environmental conditions; models; research; stream flow; water; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Streamflow drought is a recurring challenge, and understanding spatiotemporal patterns of past droughts is needed to manage future water resources. We examined regional patterns in streamflow drought metrics and compared these metrics to low flow timing and magnitude using long‐term daily records for 555 minimally disturbed watersheds. For each streamgage, we calculated streamflow drought duration ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; climate change; ecological balance; ecosystems; gene flow; homogenization; phenology; reproduction; topography; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Synchrony defines an organism's overlap with potential resources and mates, essential for survival and reproduction. Flowering synchrony influences gene flow within species and patterns of interaction among plants and with other trophic levels, including pollinators. Climate‐change driven shifts in plant phenology may disrupt plant–plant and plant–pollinator interactions, resulting in reshuffling ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Raphidiidae; Raphidioptera; arthropods; biogeography; geographical distribution; male genitalia; monophyly; new species; Mexico; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The genus Alena Navás, 1916, is considered the most distinct genus of Raphidiidae, because of the uncommon shape of its male genital sclerites and its geographic distribution restricted to the southwestern U.S.A. and western Mexico. Herein, we present a new species of the subgenus Aztekoraphidia U. Aspöck and H. Aspöck, 1970, – Alena (Aztekoraphidia) alanaesp. nov. Based on this discovery we prese ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; climate change; forests; meteorology; reflectance; soil water; surface temperature; time series analysis; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Surface soil moisture (SSM) is of great importance in understanding global climate change and studies related to environmental and earth science. However, neither of current SSM products or algorithms can generate SSM with High spatial resolution, High spatio-temporal continuity (cloud-free and daily), and High accuracy simultaneously (i.e., 3H SSM data). Without 3H SSM data, fine-scale environmen ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Lontra canadensis; arid lands; carnivores; crayfish; ecosystems; fauna; introduced species; predation; rivers; trout; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dryland rivers often harbor abundant populations of nonnative species that threaten native fauna and negatively alter ecosystem structure and function. Native semiaquatic carnivores, such as river otters (Lontra canadensis), that could predate nonnative fauna have been extirpated from many dryland rivers. During 2008–2010, river otters were reintroduced to the Upper Rio Grande (URG), a principal d ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; biomarkers; community health; cortisol; cortisone; environment; epidemiology; excretion; liquid chromatography; tandem mass spectrometry; wastewater; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Stress is oftentimes overlooked in societies, despite its life-threatening impact. Here, we assessed the feasibility of measuring endogenous stress hormones to estimate population-level stress by wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). Two primary glucocorticoids, cortisol and cortisone, were monitored in wastewater by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), to assess changes in th ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; biogas; capital; carbon; case studies; electricity; energy; gas production (biological); heat; methane; natural gas; wastewater treatment; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Combined heat and power systems can reduce the energy and carbon footprints of wastewater treatment plants by reducing their electricity demand and direct methane emissions. However, large capital costs can be a deterrent for installation of such systems. Therefore, this work sizes a combined heat and power system based on annual and hourly biogas production data, thermal demand data, and electric ...
Yanqiu Ou; Eleni A. Papadopoulos; Sarah C. Fisher; Marilyn L. Browne; Ziqiang Lin; Aida Soim; Yi Lu; Scott Sheridan; Jennita Reefhuis; Peter H. Langlois; Paul A. Romitti; Erin M. Bell; Marcia L. Feldkamp; Sadia Malik; Shao Lin; the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; case-control studies; climatic zones; drug therapy; heart; heat; maternal exposure; progeny; research; risk; summer; temperature; thermoregulation; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Maternal exposure to weather-related extreme heat events (EHEs) has been associated with congenital heart defects (CHDs) in offspring. Certain medications may affect an individual's physiologic responses to EHEs. We evaluated whether thermoregulation-related medications modified associations between maternal EHE exposure and CHDs. We linked geocoded residence data from the U.S. National Birth Defe ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Asteraceae; basins; chloroplasts; chromosome number; chromosomes; flowers; fruits; genome; monophyly; nomen novum; shrubs; taxonomic revisions; uncertainty; Mexico; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recent phylogenomic analyses of sequence data from chloroplast and nuclear genomes as well as morphological and cytological analyses resolved long standing phylogenetic uncertainty in the rock daisy tribe (Perityleae; Asteraceae) and support reclassification at the generic level to reflect evolutionary relationships. The previously recognized genera Eutetras and Pericome were upheld as clades and ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Pinus ponderosa; atmospheric precipitation; carbon sequestration; climate; earlywood; forests; latewood; phenotype; prediction; temperature; tree growth; woody biomass; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spatial patterns of precipitation in the southwestern United States result in a complex gradient from winter-to-summer moisture dominance that influences tree growth. In response, tree growth exhibits seasonal-to-annual variability that is evident in the growth of whole tree rings, and in sub-annual sections such as earlywood and latewood. We evaluated the influence of precipitation and temperatur ...
Daniel J. Bruzzese; Hannes Schuler; Thomas M. Wolfe; Mary M. Glover; Joseph V. Mastroni; Meredith M. Doellman; Cheyenne Tait; Wee L. Yee; Juan Rull; Martin Aluja; Glen Ray Hood; Robert B. Goughnour; Christian Stauffer; Patrik Nosil; Jeffery L. Feder
... Endosymbiont‐induced cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) may play an important role in arthropod speciation. However, whether CI consistently becomes associated or coupled with other host‐related forms of reproductive isolation (RI) to impede the transfer of endosymbionts between hybridizing populations and further the divergence process remains an open question. Here, we show that varying degrees of ...
Michael Eisenring; Rebecca J. Best; Mark R. Zierden; Hillary F. Cooper; Madelyn A. Norstrem; Thomas G. Whitham; Kevin Grady; Gerard J. Allan; Richard L. Lindroth
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Populus fremontii; chemistry; climate; climate change; ecosystems; gardens; genetic variation; genotype; geographical distribution; herbivores; insects; leaves; nitrogen; phytochemicals; provenance; temperature; trees; Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Climate change is threatening the persistence of many tree species via independent and interactive effects on abiotic and biotic conditions. In addition, changes in temperature, precipitation, and insect attacks can alter the traits of these trees, disrupting communities and ecosystems. For foundation species such as Populus, phytochemical traits are key mechanisms linking trees with their environ ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; archaeology; dendrochronology; Mexico; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The strength of dendrochronology is chronology. No other non-textual dating technique in the world provides the precision, accuracy, and resolution of dendrochronology. Indeed, dendrochronology is famous for dating prehistoric ruins, and Douglass’ “Bridging the Gap” is still considered one of the greatest achievements in archaeology anywhere, but what happens when samples don’t date? Should they s ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Parthenium argentatum; bagasse; bioeconomics; biofuels; biomass; commercialization; economic sustainability; energy; environmental impact; fuel combustion; gasoline; greenhouse gases; guayule; industry; inventories; pelleting; pyrolysis; rubber; system boundary; value added; water conservation; Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) is a desert-dwelling crop that can produce hard rubber for tires and has the potential to help meet the water conservation needs of arid regions such as the Southwest U.S. Previous work has quantified the cost and environmental impact from guayule rubber production. However, establishing the economic viability of a domestic guayule industry requires identify ...
Javier Asin; Daniel Rejmanek; Deana L. Clifford; Andrea B. Mikolon; Eileen E. Henderson; Akinyi C. Nyaoke; Melissa Macías‐Rioseco; Nicolas Streitenberger; Juliann Beingesser; Leslie W. Woods; Antonio Lavazza; Lorenzo Capucci; Beate Crossley; Francisco A. Uzal
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; Lepus californicus; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus; Sylvilagus; Washington (state); antigens; genome; immunohistochemistry; liver; necrosis; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcription; British Columbia; California; Europe; Mexico; New York; Ohio; Quebec; Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus type 2 (RHDV2) causes a severe systemic disease with hepatic necrosis. Differently from classic RHDV, which affects only European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), RHDV2 can affect many leporid species, including hares (Lepus spp.) and cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus spp.). RHDV2 emerged in Europe in 2010 and spread worldwide. During the last 5 years, there have bee ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; DNA barcoding; Noctuidae; adults; female genitalia; larvae; males; Mexico; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Alypiodes Grote currently includes four recognized species of day-flying agaristine noctuids from Mexico and the American Southwest. Here we add a fifth, elevating the name Alypiodes flavilinguisGrote 1883rev. status from synonymy. DNA barcodes, larval characters, and adult markings that reliably differentiate Alypiodes flavilinguis from Alypiodes bimaculata and other species in the genus are enum ...
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; climate; environment; ozone; relative humidity; satellites; stratosphere; thermodynamics; troposphere; wind; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Single Field of View (SFOV) ozone (O₃) profiles derived from the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) onboard Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (SNPP), with a high horizontal resolution of approximately 14 km at nadir and good sensitivity to O₃ in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS), provide a prominent opportunity to examine stratosphere to troposphere (STT) transport. ...
Robert M. Hughes; Meredith Zeigler; Shann Stringer; Gordon W. Linam; Joseph Flotemersch; Benjamin Jessup; Seva Joseph; Gerald Jacobi; Lynette Guevara; Robert Cook; Patricia Bradley; Kristopher Barrios
SouthwesternUnitedStates, etc ; anthropogenic activities; biological assessment; climate change; fish; macroinvertebrates; models; research; rivers; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biological monitoring is important for assessing the ecological condition of surface waters. However, there are challenges in determining what constitutes reference conditions, what assemblages should be used as indicators, and how assemblage data should be converted into quantitative indicator scores. In this study, we developed and applied biological condition gradient (BCG) modeling to fish and ...