An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Luise Nottmeyer; Ben Armstrong; Rachel Lowe; Sam Abbott; Sophie Meakin; Kathleen M. O'Reilly; Rosa von Borries; Rochelle Schneider; Dominic Royé; Masahiro Hashizume; Mathilde Pascal; Aurelio Tobias; Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera; Eric Lavigne; Patricia Matus Correa; Nicolás Valdés Ortega; Jan Kynčl; Aleš Urban; Hans Orru; Niilo Ryti; Jouni Jaakkola; Marco Dallavalle; Alexandra Schneider; Yasushi Honda; Chris Fook Sheng Ng; Barrak Alahmad; Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar; Iulian Horia Holobâc; Ho Kim; Whanhee Lee; Carmen Íñiguez; Michelle L. Bell; Antonella Zanobetti; Joel Schwartz; Noah Scovronick; Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Magali Hurtado Diaz; Antonio Gasparrini; Francesco Sera
airtemperature, etc ; COVID-19 infection; absolute humidity; autocorrelation; climatic zones; environment; time series analysis; ultraviolet radiation; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The associations between COVID-19 transmission and meteorological factors are scientifically debated. Several studies have been conducted worldwide, with inconsistent findings. However, often these studies had methodological issues, e.g., did not exclude important confounding factors, or had limited geographic or temporal resolution. Our aim was to quantify associations between temporal variations ...
airtemperature, etc ; air; air quality; microclimate; particulates; primary pollutants; spatial distribution; wind direction; wind speed; winter; China; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The vertical distribution of air pollutants in urban street canyons is closely related to residents’ health. However, the vertical air quality in urban street canyons has rarely been assessed using field observations obtained throughout the year. Therefore, this study investigated the seasonal and annual concentrations of particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀), CO, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, air quality index, an ...
airtemperature, etc ; Malus; absorption; carbon dioxide; cultivars; electron transfer; energy; growth and development; heat stress; photosynthesis; proteomics; summer; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Malus crabapples are precious woody plants with unique ornamental and applied values. Their weak photosynthetic performance in subtropical summer disturbs the normal growth and development, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To facilitate their local cultivation, the differences in photosynthetic capacity between six Malus cultivars in subtropical regions from June to September as well ...
airtemperature, etc ; Mediterranean climate; air; data collection; heat island; heat stress; landscapes; relative humidity; shortwave radiation; summer; warm season; wind speed; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The rise in air temperature in urban areas has been attracting the attention of urban climate researchers for years now, focusing on the intensity of the so-called Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. Recently, though, it has been rightly questioned whether the concept of UHI intensity is helpful in assessing mitigation of urban heat stress, especially since the concept does not reflect the spatial ...
airtemperature, etc ; COVID-19 infection; RNA; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; data collection; epidemiology; meta-analysis; monitoring; systematic review; wastewater; watersheds; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been considered as a promising approach for population-wide surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Many studies have successfully quantified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA concentration in wastewater (CRNA). However, the correlation between the CRNA and the COVID-19 clinically confirmed cases in the correspondi ...
airtemperature, etc ; aerosols; air; air pollutants; carbon; environment; equations; nitric oxide; ozone; summer; surface area; temporal variation; traffic; turbulent flow; wind; Finland; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Urban air pollutant concentrations are highly variable both in space and time. In order to understand these variabilities high-resolution measurements of air pollutants are needed. Here we present results of a mobile laboratory and a drone measurements made within a street-canyon network in Helsinki, Finland, in summer and winter 2017. The mobile laboratory measured the total number concentration ...
airtemperature, etc ; Ribes; air; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; atmospheric pressure; carbohydrate structure; flavonoids; fruit maturity; fruits; glucose; polysaccharides; shortwave radiation; specific humidity; triterpenoids; xylose; China; Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ribes stenocarpum Maxim. (RSM) is abundant but less known in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, so far, it is still in the wild state and has not been effectively developed and utilized. Based on this, the fruits RSM at seven different picking time were used to quantify the contents of total polysaccharides (TP), total flavonoids (TF), titratable acids (TA), total triterpene acids (TTA), fruit oils (FO) a ...
... This study aimed to analyze the average air temperature data estimated by ERA5-Land reanalysis over 10 years (01/01/2011 to 12/31/2020), based on data from 12 automatic weather stations located in different cities in the state of Pernambuco, northeast of Brazil. For more careful evaluation, the average air temperature data were stratified by mesoregions of the state. ERA5-Land reanalysis data were ...
airtemperature, etc ; glaciation; glaciers; lakes; Antarctica; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aims to quantify the areal variation of glacial lakes in the coastal ice-free areas of King George Island (KGI) and Nelson Island (NI) from 1986 to 2020. Glacial lake and glacial area fluctuations are estimated using spaceborne remote sensing data and annual mean near-surface air temperature data from station observations and ERA-Interim reanalysis were analyzed. The area of glacial lak ...
airtemperature, etc ; climate; climate models; dynamics; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... We investigate the dependency of projected regional changes in surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation on the model biases, resolution and global temperature sensitivity in two global climate model (GCM) ensembles. End of twenty-first century changes under high end scenarios normalized in units of per degree of global warming (PDGW) are examined for CMIP5 (RCP8.5) and CMIP6 (SSP5-8.5) ense ...
airtemperature, etc ; air; climate; climatology; television; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In many media, especially in prime-time television shows, we often hear that the temperature is or will be higher than average or above average. It is seldom said which average it is, namely which period this comparison refers to. It is also rare to hear how much this above-average temperature is higher than one average. The question is what the climate average or climate normal is? The World Mete ...
airtemperature, etc ; asymmetry; climatology; cold; heat; China; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... As an intrinsic feature of daily surface air temperature (SAT) variability found in station measurements, temporal asymmetry (TA) can be taken as an evaluation metric to access the quality of SAT re-analysis product. In this study, TA calculated from four SAT variables, i.e., daily mean SAT (Tₘₑₐₙ₎, daily maximum SAT (Tₘₐₓ), daily minimum SAT (Tₘᵢₙ) and diurnal temperature range (TDTR = Tₘₐₓ − Tₘᵢ ...
airtemperature, etc ; absorption; air; desiccants; energy; heat; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The gas turbine performance is heavily influenced by climate conditions. The more the temperature of the air coming into the compressor, the less the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine will be. The best performance of the gas turbines is achieved in ISO condition (15 °C RH 100%). In selecting a cooling system in this ground, features such as insensitivity to the ambient air and ability to use t ...
airtemperature, etc ; air; climate change; climatology; permafrost; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The current conditions of climatic variability make it necessary to analyse in detail the parameters that determine it to clearly understand the consequences on the environment, especially in highly strategic sites in terms of geographic location, such as Barrow, AK, USA, which is a global observatory on the impact of current climate change. Through the study of current air and ground temperature ...
airtemperature, etc ; Larix; atmospheric precipitation; forests; landscapes; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work tests the hypothesis of the presence of time trends in the growth and yield of larch stands in the city of Moscow based on long-term observations. The materials for the study are represented by terrain data on permanent test plots of the Forest Experimental Station of the Russian State Agrarian University–Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy for the period from 1893 to 2015. The trends ...
airtemperature, etc ; Singapore; air; environmental management; models; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Building height, building density, and floor area ratio are the three key parameters in urban planning. However, little is known about their impact on indoor thermal environments as compared with outdoor thermal environments. The study aimed to investigate their impact on indoor air temperatures in Singapore. Singapore's residential buildings were reviewed from the perspective of the three paramet ...
airtemperature, etc ; remote sensing; satellites; stratosphere; troposphere; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spatial characteristic is an important indicator of remote sensor performance, and space-borne infrared hyperspectral sounder is the frontier of atmospheric vertical sounding technology. In this paper, the formation mechanism of the vertical spatial characteristics involved in the space-borne infrared hyperspectral sounding data are analyzed in detail, which shows that the vertical spatial charact ...
airtemperature, etc ; climate; climate change; dynamics; relative humidity; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Climate change leads to a more frequent occurrence of hot days (HDs) and hot nights (HNs). The consecutive occurrence of HDs and HNs (COHs) is often used as a measure of the persistence of an extremely hot spell. Nonetheless, the combined effect of air temperature and relative humidity on the changing COHs has never been studied. In this paper, we use an ensemble of global climate models and multi ...
airtemperature, etc ; Phaethon lepturus; nests; seabirds; winter; Seychelles; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Historically, Cousine Island was used for agriculture and harvesting various seabird eggs, but following restoration efforts initiated in the 1990s, it has become an important nesting area for Seychelles seabirds. White‐tailed tropicbird (Phaethon lepturus), white tern (Gygis alba), and lesser (Anous tenuirostris) and brown noddy (Anous stolidus) populations were monitored on Cousine Island betwee ...
airtemperature, etc ; climate change; runoff; water security; watersheds; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Climate change is expected to have a significant impact on water security, with higher temperatures causing both enhanced droughts and flood extremes. Here, using global flow data from non-urban catchments, we investigate the sensitivity of flood volume to changes in concurrent surface air temperature. We find most of the world shows decreases in flood volumes with increasing temperature. To under ...