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aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; autoimmunity; hydrogen; ligands; molecular dynamics; monoclonal antibodies; peptides; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the process of structure-function studies on the MHC class II molecule expressed in autoimmunity prone SJL mice, I-Aˢ, we discovered a disparity from the reported sequence of the MHC class II beta chain. The variant is localized at a highly conserved site of the beta chain, at residue 58. Our studies revealed that this single amino acid substitution of Pro for Ala at this residue, found in I-Aˢ ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Plasmodium falciparum; amino acids; aminoacyl tRNA ligases; aminoacylation; enzyme activity; esterification; parasitology; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The specificity of each aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS) for its cognate amino acid ensures correct tRNA esterification and allows fidelity in protein synthesis. The aaRSs discriminate based on the chemical properties of their amino acid substrates and structural features of the binding pockets. In this study, we characterized aspartyl-(DRS) and asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (NRS) from Plasmodium fa ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Aspergillus fumigatus; antifungal agents; aspergillosis; azoles; genes; heart transplant; kidneys; mycology; patients; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... We present a case of a 55-year-old man with a heart transplant who acquired Invasive Aspergillosis by Aspergillus fumigatus with the focus in the kidney. During about two years of antifungal treatment, most of the time with voriconazole, it was possible to obtain nine isolates of A. fumigatus, with the same genotypic characteristics, but with an increase in MIC for several azoles. The two last iso ...
... Glycyrrhizin (GL) is known to exhibit a variety of useful pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-hepatotoxicity, and enhancement of intestinal drug absorption. GL has been reported to modify the assembly of actin filaments, thereby modulating tight junction (TJ) integrity, but the detailed molecular mechanisms of this remain unclear. In this study, we first found that GL bin ...
... Efflux pump of Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is widely distributed in bacteria, while its role in regulating antibiotic resistance of nosocomial pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae remains unclear. Herein we analyzed the effect of amino acid substitution of MFS efflux pump KmrA on its export efficiency via molecular biology and molecular dynamics (MD). After searching across the 804 sequenced K. ...
... The amyloplast is a specialized plastid in rice endosperm cells where starch is synthesized and stored as starch granules (SGs). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying amyloplast and SG development. In this study, a novel mutant (c134) demonstrating a floury endosperm with enlarged SGs and amyloplasts was identified. The floury endosperm was caused by rounder, loosely pa ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; amino acids; cathepsin B; host range; molecular dynamics; pathogenesis; plasmin; proteolysis; research; tissue tropism; viruses; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection presents an immense global health problem. Spike (S) protein of coronavirus is the primary determinant of its entry into the host as it consists of both receptor binding and fusion domain. Besides tissue tropism, and host range, coronavirus pathogenesis are primarily controlled by the interaction of S protein with the cell rece ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; amino acids; blood serum; children; genes; neutralization; patients; retrospective studies; viral load; Italy; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Introduction: The ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak involves the pediatric population, but to date, few reports have investigated the circulation of variants among children. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, non-hospitalized pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2-positive nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) were enrolled at the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Bur ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Arabidopsis thaliana; DNA; DNA damage; DNA repair; RNA; adenosinetriphosphatase; cell cycle; cell proliferation; dwarfing; genomics; genotoxicity; homozygosity; mutagens; mutants; phenotype; site-directed mutagenesis; Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Replication factor C (RFC) is a heteropentameric ATPase associated with the diverse cellular activities (AAA+ATPase) protein complex, which is composed of one large subunit, known as RFC1, and four small subunits, RFC2/3/4/5. Among them, RFC1 and RFC3 were previously reported to mediate genomic stability and resistance to pathogens in Arabidopsis. Here, we generated a viable rfc4e (rfc4−1/RFC4ᴳ⁵⁴ᴱ ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; biotechnology; data collection; prediction; temperature; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Predicting the effects of mutations on protein stability is a key problem in fundamental and applied biology, still unsolved even for the relatively simple case of small, soluble, globular, monomeric, two-state-folder proteins. Many articles discuss the limitations of prediction methods and of the datasets used to train them, which result in low reliability for actual applications despite globally ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium head blight; biosynthesis; drugs; ergosterol; fluorescence; food chemistry; fungi; fungicide resistance; genetic transformation; pathogens; risk; sexual reproduction; site-directed mutagenesis; sporulation; tebuconazole; virulence; Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the Fusarium graminearum species complex, is a devastating fungal disease resulting in substantial yield and quality losses. Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) are the most popular chemicals for controlling FHB. Recently, the resistance of F. graminearum to EBIs has emerged in the field, and an amino acid substitution (G443S) of the sterol 14α-demethyla ...
... To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying plant height regulation, we isolated and characterized a stably inherited semi-dwarf mutant bgsd-2 from the ethane methyl sulfonate (EMS) mutant progeny of ‘Ping Tang Wild-type (PTWT)’, a rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica) landrace in Guizhou. Transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses showed that a number of cellulose and lignin-related genes invol ...
... Owing to the lack of effective POST herbicide options, producers typically rely on nicosulfuron as the main POST grass herbicide in sweet corn production systems. In 2019, a Wisconsin sweet corn producer reported fall panicum control escapes after spraying nicosulfuron. Seeds from mature plants were collected to (1) measure fall panicum response to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; anthocyanins; biosynthesis; genes; mutants; pigmentation; plant physiology; serine; testa; transcription factors; turnips; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The purple pigmentation in the epidermis of swollen roots of ‘Tsuda’ turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is induced by light, providing a good system to investigate the genetic mechanism of light-dependent anthocyanin biosynthesis in B. rapa. Here, we identified the R2R3 MYB transcription factor gene PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT1 (BrPAP1a) as the critical gene in the anthocyanin-defective muta ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Measles morbillivirus; effective population size; genes; hemagglutinins; molecular epidemiology; selection pressure; subgenotype; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Measles virus (MeV) genotype B3 is one globally significant circulating genotype. Here, we present a systematic description of long-term evolutionary characterizations of the MeV genotype B3’s hemagglutinin (H) gene in the elimination era. Our results show that the B3 H gene can be divided into two main sub-genotypes, and the highest intra-genotypic diversity was observed in 2004. MeV genotype B3’ ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Eucalyptus grandis; databases; forest industries; genome; genomics; mass spectrometry; peptides; proteomics; transcriptomics; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Eucalyptus species are widely used in the forestry industry, and a significant increase in the number of sequences available in database repositories has been observed for these species. In proteomics, a protein is identified by correlating the theoretical fragmentation spectrum derived from genomic/transcriptomic data against the experimental fragmentation mass spectrum acquired from large-scale ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; Glycine soja; agronomy; alleles; anthocyanins; color; enzymes; flower color; flowers; loci; mutants; soybeans; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The enzyme flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) plays an important role in producing anthocyanin pigments in soybean. Loss of function of the W1 locus encoding F3′5′H always produces white flowers. However, few color variations have been reported in wild soybean. In the present study, we isolated a new color variant of wild soybean accession (IT261811) with pinkish-white flowers. We found that the ...
... Transition to the reproductive phase, inflorescence formation and flower development are crucial elements that ensure maximum reproductive success in a plant’s life cycle. To understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying correct flower development in barley (Hordeum vulgare), we characterized the multiovary 5 (mov5.o) mutant. This mutant develops abnormal flowers that exhibit mosaic floral organ ...
... Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules on lymphocytes are useful tools for the study of different lymphocyte subsets in flow cytometry (FCM) analysis. CD4 is a glycoprotein found on the surfaces of helper T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. In this study, we describe Japanese Black (JB) calves in a farm whose peripheral blood mononuc ...
aminoacidsubstitution, etc ; ambient temperature; body temperature; exons; heat production; heat transfer; mutants; oxygen consumption; single nucleotide polymorphism; thermoregulation; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Avian uncoupling protein (av‐UCP) is a key protein for thermoregulation in poultry. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the av‐UCP gene has been reported in chickens. The purpose of the current study was to clarify the association between this av‐UCP gene mutation and thermoregulation in chickens. Wild and mutant type chicks for the av‐UCP gene SNP (g. 1270 of the av‐UCP gene exon 3 with C t ...