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1. Genetic structure analyses and ancestral information inference of Chinese Kyrgyz group via a panel of 39 AIM-DIPs

Author:
Zhang, Wenqing; Jin, Xiaoye; Wang, Yijie; Chen, Chong; Zhu, Bofeng
Source:
Genomics 2021 v.113 no.4 pp. 2056-2064
ISSN:
0888-7543
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; genetic structure; genomics; population genetics;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ancestry informative markers have extensive uses and advantages in inferring ancestral origins and estimating ancestral genetic information components of admixed populations. With the characteristics of highly cultural exchange and the admixed genetic structure of the Kyrgyz group, it is essential to enrich the genetic data of the Kyrgyz group. In this study, we used a self-developed ancestry info ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.03.008

2. Origin and diversification of ECERIFERUM1 (CER1) and ECERIFERUM3 (CER3) genes in land plants and phylogenetic evidence that the ancestral CER1/3 gene resulted from the fusion of pre-existing domains

Author:
Chaudhary, Komal; Geeta, R.; Panjabi, Priya
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2021 v.159 pp. 107101
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Archaea; Charophyta; Miozoa; genes; phylogeny;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... ECERIFERUM1 (CER1) and ECERIFERUM3 (CER3) are key genes in synthesis of alkanes, a major component of cuticular waxes in land plants. The genes share extensive similarity, including the N-terminal (ERG3/FAH) and C-terminal (WAX2) domains. This study, traces the origin, evolutionary history, phylogenetic relationships and variation in copy number of the two genes within and beyond the Viridiplantae ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107101

3. Ancestral Reconstruction of Diet and Fang Condition in the Lamprophiidae: Implications for the Evolution of Venom Systems in Snakes

Author:
Naik, Hiral; Kgaditse, Mimmie M.; Alexander, Graham J.
Source:
Journal of herpetology 2021 v.55 no.1 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
1937-2418
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; diet; herpetology; mouth; phylogeny; snakes; venoms;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Colubroidea includes all venomous and some nonvenomous snakes, many of which have extraordinary dental morphology and functional capabilities. It has been proposed that the ancestral condition of the Colubroidea is venomous with tubular fangs. The venom system includes the production of venomous secretions by labial glands in the mouth and usually includes fangs for effective delivery of venom ...
DOI:
10.1670/19-071

4. Putting RFMix and ADMIXTURE to the test in a complex admixed population

Author:
Uren, Caitlin; Hoal, Eileen G.; Möller, Marlo
Source:
BMC genetics 2020 v.21 no.1 pp. 40
ISSN:
1471-2156
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; algorithms; human population;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Global and local ancestry inference in admixed human populations can be performed using computational tools implementing distinct algorithms. The development and resulting accuracy of these tools has been tested largely on populations with relatively straightforward admixture histories but little is known about how well they perform in more complex admixture scenarios. RESULTS: Using s ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12863-020-00845-3
PubMed:
32264823
PubMed Central:
PMC7140372

5. RNA-Catalyzed Cross-Chiral Polymerization of RNA

Author:
Tjhung, Katrina F.; Sczepanski, Jonathan T.; Murtfeldt, Eric R.; Joyce, Gerald F.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2020 v.142 no.36 pp. 15331-15339
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; evolution; polymerization; ribozymes;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biology relies almost exclusively on homochiral building blocks to drive the processes of life. Yet cross-chiral interactions can occur between macromolecules of the opposite handedness, including a previously described polymerase ribozyme that catalyzes the template-directed synthesis of enantio-RNA. The present study sought to optimize and generalize this activity, employing in vitro evolution t ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c05635

6. Phylogeny and the evolutionary origins of myrmecophytism in the Neonauclea clade (Rubiaceae) revisited, with particular emphasis on the Philippine lineages

Author:
Ordas, Jorge Anton D.; Razafimandimbison, Sylvain G.; Moran, Cecilia B.; Alejandro, Grecebio Jonathan D.
Source:
Plant systematics and evolution 2021 v.307 no.3 pp. 31
ISSN:
0378-2697
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Neonauclea; Philippines; paraphyly; plant taxonomy; species diversity;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Australasian Neonauclea is the largest genus of the tribe Naucleeae (subfamily Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae) and is well known for its extensive radiation of myrmecophytic species. The genus is paraphyletic with respect to the genera Ludekia and Myrmeconauclea, and these three genera constitute the Neonauclea clade sensu Löfstrand et al. The Philippines is a center of species diversity of Neonaucl ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00606-021-01752-5

7. Evolution of reproductive strategies in the species-rich land snail subfamily Phaedusinae (Stylommatophora: Clausiliidae)

Author:
Mamos, Tomasz; Uit de Weerd, Dennis; von Oheimb, Parm Viktor; Sulikowska-Drozd, Anna
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2021 v.158 pp. 107060
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Clausiliidae; Stylommatophora; mitochondria; models; ovipary; phylogeny; snails;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Most of the present knowledge on animal reproductive mode evolution, and possible factors driving transitions between oviparity and viviparity is based on studies on vertebrates. The species rich door snail (Clausiliidae) subfamily Phaedusinae represents a suitable and unique model for further examining parity evolution, as three different strategies, oviparity, viviparity, and the intermediate mo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2020.107060

8. Archaeogenomic distinctiveness of the Isthmo-Colombian area

Author:
Capodiferro, Marco Rosario; Aram, Bethany; Raveane, Alessandro; Rambaldi Migliore, Nicola; Colombo, Giulia; Ongaro, Linda; Rivera, Javier; Mendizábal, Tomás; Hernández-Mora, Iosvany; Tribaldos, Maribel; Perego, Ugo Alessandro; Li, Hongjie; Scheib, Christiana Lyn; Modi, Alessandra; Gòmez-Carballa, Alberto; Grugni, Viola; Lombardo, Gianluca; Hellenthal, Garrett; Pascale, Juan Miguel; Bertolini, Francesco; Grieco, Gaetano Salvatore; Cereda, Cristina; Lari, Martina; Caramelli, David; Pagani, Luca; Metspalu, Mait; Friedrich, Ronny; Knipper, Corina; Olivieri, Anna; Salas, Antonio; Cooke, Richard; Montinaro, Francesco; Motta, Jorge; Torroni, Antonio; Martín, Juan Guillermo; Semino, Ornella; Malhi, Ripan Singh; Achilli, Alessandro
Source:
Cell 2021 v.184 no.7 pp. 1706-1723.e24
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Holocene epoch; Pleistocene epoch; genome; genomics; Panama; South America;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The recently enriched genomic history of Indigenous groups in the Americas is still meager concerning continental Central America. Here, we report ten pre-Hispanic (plus two early colonial) genomes and 84 genome-wide profiles from seven groups presently living in Panama. Our analyses reveal that pre-Hispanic demographic events contributed to the extensive genetic structure currently seen in the ar ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.040

9. Homozygosity stretches around homozygous mutations in autosomal recessive disorders: patients from nonconsanguineous Indian families

Author:
Phadke, Shubha R.; Srivastava, Priyanka; Sharma, Pankaj; Rai, Archana; Masih, Suzena
Source:
Journal of genetics 2021 v.100 no.1 pp. 2
ISSN:
0022-1333
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; genomics; homozygosity; marriage; single nucleotide polymorphism arrays; India;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... India has a large heterogeneous population with its unique social and genetic characteristics. Tradition of marriage between specific caste groups have produced unique characteristics to the mutation spectrum of genetic disorders and may be a higher prevalence of autosomal recessive (AR) disorders in some communities. We observed that in many nonconsanguineous families with rare autosomal disorder ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12041-020-01250-6

10. Molecular evidence for naturally occurring intra- and inter-generic hybridization in the genus Ecklonia (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae)

Author:
Akita, Shingo; Koiwai, Keiichiro; Ishikawa, Tatsuya; Sakamoto, Takashi; Yoshimura, Taku; Kiyomoto, Setsuo; Nanri, Kaiji; Tamayama-Kato, You; Kurashima, Akira; Hanyuda, Takeaki; Shimada, Satoshi; Kawai, Hiroshi; Fujita, Daisuke
Source:
Phycologia 2021 v.60 no.2 pp. 170-179
ISSN:
2330-2968
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Ecklonia; Japan; backcrossing; genotyping; hybridization; macroalgae; microsatellite repeats;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Reports of naturally occurring hybridization between species and genera in Laminariales are limited. Hybrids are mostly identified based on morphological evidence, which is often inadequate to distinguish hybrids from other unusual kelp morphological variants. In the present study, we found morphologically atypical Ecklonia (Ec.), which were suspected of being hybrids between Ec. radicosa (Ecr) an ...
DOI:
10.1080/00318884.2021.1885246

11. Insights into the origin and evolution of plant sigma factors

Author:
Fu, Xin‐Xing; Zhang, Jian; Zhang, Guo‐Qiang; Liu, Zhong‐Jian; Chen, Zhi‐Duan
Source:
Journal of systematics and evolution 2021 v.59 no.2 pp. 326-340
ISSN:
1674-4918
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Cyanobacteria; chloroplast genes; chloroplasts; gene expression; genomics; phylogeny; transcriptomics;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plant sigma factors (SIGs) are key regulators of chloroplast gene expression and chloroplast differentiation. Despite their functional importance, the evolutionary history of these factors remains unclear. Using newly available genomic and transcriptomic data, we undertook a detailed and comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of SIG homologues from land plants and algae. Our results reveal that plant ...
DOI:
10.1111/jse.12537

12. Termite evolution: mutualistic associations, key innovations, and the rise of Termitidae

Author:
Chouvenc, Thomas; Šobotník, Jan; Engel, Michael S.; Bourguignon, Thomas
Source:
Cellular and molecular life sciences 2021 v.78 no.6 pp. 2749-2769
ISSN:
1420-682X
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Termitidae; biodiversity; cellulose; digestion; digestive system; phylogeny; protists; wood;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Termites are a clade of eusocial wood-feeding roaches with > 3000 described species. Eusociality emerged ~ 150 million years ago in the ancestor of modern termites, which, since then, have acquired and sometimes lost a series of adaptive traits defining of their evolution. Termites primarily feed on wood, and digest cellulose in association with their obligatory nutritional mutualistic gut microbe ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00018-020-03728-z

13. The lobula plate is exclusive to insects

Author:
Strausfeld, Nicholas J.
Source:
Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101031
ISSN:
1467-8039
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Cambrian period; Crustacea; Diptera; arthropods; flight; neurons;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Just one superorder of insects is known to possess a neuronal network that mediates extremely rapid reactions in flight in response to changes in optic flow. Research on the identity and functional organization of this network has over the course of almost half a century focused exclusively on the order Diptera, a member of the approximately 300-million-year-old clade Holometabola defined by its m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.asd.2021.101031

14. Rare Recurrent Variants in Noncoding Regions Impact Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Gene Networks in Children of both African American and European American Ancestry

Author:
Liu, Yichuan; Chang, Xiao; Qu, Hui-Qi; Tian, Lifeng; Glessner, Joseph; Qu, Jingchun; Li, Dong; Qiu, Haijun; Sleiman, Patrick; Hakonarson, Hakon
Source:
Genes 2021 v.12 no.2
ISSN:
2073-4425
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; cadherins; introns; meta-analysis; non-coding RNA; pathogenesis;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with poorly understood molecular mechanisms that results in significant impairment in children. In this study, we sought to assess the role of rare recurrent variants in non-European populations and outside of coding regions. We generated whole genome sequence (WGS) data on 875 individuals, including 205 ADHD cases an ...
DOI:
10.3390/genes12020310

15. The Theoretical Framework for the Panels of DNA Markers Formation in the Forensic Determination of an Individual Ancestral Origin

Author:
Parfenchyk, M. S.; Kotava, S. A.
Source:
Russian journal of genetics 2021 v.57 no.1 pp. 1-9
ISSN:
1022-7954
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; DNA; forensic sciences; humans; law enforcement; Belarus;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The knowledge of the ancestry of an unknown individual from forensic DNA may provide important information for law enforcement investigation. This information can be acquired from biological traces by means of massive parallel sequencing (MPS) technologies and developed arrays of ancestry informative DNA markers (AIM panels). Development of forensic AIM panels takes two steps: (1) obtainment of in ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1022795421010105

16. Ultra‐Conserved Elements and morphology reciprocally illuminate conflicting phylogenetic hypotheses in Chalcididae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)

Author:
Cruaud, Astrid; Delvare, Gérard; Nidelet, Sabine; Sauné, Laure; Ratnasingham, Sujeevan; Chartois, Marguerite; Blaimer, Bonnie B.; Gates, Michael; Brady, Seán G.; Faure, Sariana; van Noort, Simon; Rossi, Jean‐Pierre; Rasplus, Jean‐Yves
Source:
Cladistics 2021 v.37 no.1 pp. 1-35
ISSN:
0748-3007
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Chalcididae; divergent evolution; genes; phylogeny; statistical analysis; trees;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recent technical advances combined with novel computational approaches have promised the acceleration of our understanding of the tree of life. However, when it comes to hyperdiverse and poorly known groups of invertebrates, studies are still scarce. As published phylogenies will be rarely challenged by future taxonomists, careful attention must be paid to potential analytical bias. We present the ...
DOI:
10.1111/cla.12416

17. Repeated evolution of an undescribed morphotype of Rhagada (Gastropoda:Camaenidae) from the inland Pilbara, Western Australia

Author:
Hamilton, Zoë R.
Source:
Invertebrate systematics 2021 v.35 no.2 pp. 203-215
ISSN:
1445-5226
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; habitats; hinterland; mitochondria; morphs; polyphyly; Western Australia;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... An undescribed small, banded morphotype of Rhagada land snails occurs widely in the rocky inland Pilbara region, Western Australia. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes revealed that this novel morphotype is polyphyletic, comprising four distinct major clades, with divergences up to 21.4% at COI. These clades are apparently morphologically cryptic, with no obvious shell di ...
DOI:
10.1071/IS20038

18. A Dynamic 6,000-Year Genetic History of Eurasia’s Eastern Steppe

Author:
Jeong, Choongwon; Wang, Ke; Wilkin, Shevan; Taylor, William Timothy Treal; Miller, Bryan K.; Bemmann, Jan H.; Stahl, Raphaela; Chiovelli, Chelsea; Knolle, Florian; Ulziibayar, Sodnom; Khatanbaatar, Dorjpurev; Erdenebaatar, Diimaajav; Erdenebat, Ulambayar; Ochir, Ayudai; Ankhsanaa, Ganbold; Vanchigdash, Chuluunkhuu; Ochir, Battuga; Munkhbayar, Chuluunbat; Tumen, Dashzeveg; Kovalev, Alexey; Kradin, Nikolay; Bazarov, Bilikto A.; Miyagashev, Denis A.; Konovalov, Prokopiy B.; Zhambaltarova, Elena; Miller, Alicia Ventresca; Haak, Wolfgang; Schiffels, Stephan; Krause, Johannes; Boivin, Nicole; Erdene, Myagmar; Hendy, Jessica; Warinner, Christina
Source:
Cell 2020 v.183 no.4 pp. 890-904.e29
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; pastoralism; steppes; Eurasia; Mongolia;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Eastern Eurasian Steppe was home to historic empires of nomadic pastoralists, including the Xiongnu and the Mongols. However, little is known about the region’s population history. Here, we reveal its dynamic genetic history by analyzing new genome-wide data for 214 ancient individuals spanning 6,000 years. We identify a pastoralist expansion into Mongolia ca. 3000 BCE, and by the Late Bronze ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.015

19. A Completely De Novo ATPase from Combinatorial Protein Design

Author:
Wang, Michael S.; Hecht, Michael H.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2020 v.142 no.36 pp. 15230-15234
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; adenosinetriphosphatase; catalytic activity; magnesium;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Our understanding of biological chemistry is shaped by the observation that all life comes from other life—as Pasteur put it, omne vivum ex vivo. A key step in expanding our biochemical vocabulary is to recapitulate biogenic catalysis using non-natural sequences that did not arise from common ancestry. Here we describe an enzyme designed completely de novo that hydrolyzes ATP. This protein was des ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c02954

20. Comparative functional skeletal morphology among three genera of shrews: implications for the evolution of locomotor behavior in the Soricinae (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae)

Author:
Woodman, Neal; Wilken, Alec T.
Source:
Journal of mammalogy 2020 v.100 no.6 pp. 1750-1764
ISSN:
0022-2372
Subject:
ancestry,   etc   ; Blarina; mammalogy; museums; phylogeny;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The clade comprising the soricid tribes Blarinellini (Blarinella) and Blarinini (Blarina and Cryptotis) is notable within the Soricidae (Eulipotyphla) for the large proportion of reportedly semifossorial species. To better define locomotor modes among species in these two tribes, we quantified purported locomotor adaptations by calculating 23 functional indices from postcranial measurements obtain ...
DOI:
10.1093/jmammal/gyz098