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1. Influence of bullet type and muzzle-to-target distance on trajectory deflection through a soft tissue simulant

Author:
Kerkhoff, W.; Mattijssen, E.J.A.T.; Riva, F.
Source:
Forensic science international 2020 v.311 pp. 110289
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; forensic sciences; gelatin; tissues;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The influence of two different variables on deflection was studied with 9mm Luger calibre bullets, fired through ballistic gelatine. To test whether bullet type affects trajectory deflection, bullets of four different types were fired (20 shots per type) through 25cm of 10% gelatine at a 5m muzzle-to target-distance. A Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the deflection of at least one bullet type was ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110289

2. Correction: Handling and managing bleeding wounds using tissue adhesive hydrogel: a comparative assessment on two different hydrogels

Author:
T, Thiruselvi; Raja S, Thirupathi Kumara; R, Aravindhan; K, Shanuja S.; A, Gnanamani
Source:
RSC advances 2019 v.9 no.38 pp. 21946
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; hemorrhage; hydrogels;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Correction for ‘Handling and managing bleeding wounds using tissue adhesive hydrogel: a comparative assessment on two different hydrogels’ by Thiruselvi T et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 19973–19981. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ra90054c

3. Restoring the Sense of Touch Using a Sensorimotor Demultiplexing Neural Interface

Author:
Ganzer, Patrick D.; Colachis, Samuel C.; Schwemmer, Michael A.; Friedenberg, David A.; Dunlap, Collin F.; Swiftney, Carly E.; Jacobowitz, Adam F.; Weber, Doug J.; Bockbrader, Marcia A.; Sharma, Gaurav
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.4 pp. 763-773.e12
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; cortex; humans; motor cortex; muscles; spinal cord; touch (sensation);     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Paralyzed muscles can be reanimated following spinal cord injury (SCI) using a brain-computer interface (BCI) to enhance motor function alone. Importantly, the sense of touch is a key component of motor function. Here, we demonstrate that a human participant with a clinically complete SCI can use a BCI to simultaneously reanimate both motor function and the sense of touch, leveraging residual touc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.054

4. Targeting Aquaporin-4 Subcellular Localization to Treat Central Nervous System Edema

Author:
Kitchen, Philip; Salman, Mootaz M.; Halsey, Andrea M.; Clarke-Bland, Charlotte; MacDonald, Justin A.; Ishida, Hiroaki; Vogel, Hans J.; Almutiri, Sharif; Logan, Ann; Kreida, Stefan; Al-Jubair, Tamim; Winkel Missel, Julie; Gourdon, Pontus; Törnroth-Horsefield, Susanna; Conner, Matthew T.; Ahmed, Zubair; Conner, Alex C.; Bill, Roslyn M.
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.4 pp. 784-799.e19
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; astrocytes; brain; calmodulin; clinical trials; edema; models; rats; spinal cord; trifluoperazine;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Swelling of the brain or spinal cord (CNS edema) affects millions of people every year. All potential pharmacological interventions have failed in clinical trials, meaning that symptom management is the only treatment option. The water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is expressed in astrocytes and mediates water flux across the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barriers. Here we show that AQP4 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.037

5. Measuring the torque required to cause vertebral dislocation in cattle tails

Author:
Laven, RA; Jermy, MC
Source:
New Zealand veterinary journal 2020 v.68 no.2 pp. 107-111
ISSN:
1176-0710
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; dairy cows; farms; steel; tail; torque; uncertainty; vertebrae; New Zealand;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aim: To estimate, ex vivo, the torque required to cause vertebral dislocation of cattle tails. Methods: Five tails from dairy cows, severed at the junction between the sacrum and the first caudal vertebra, were sourced from a slaughterhouse. Within 2 hours of slaughter, the severed end of each tail was clamped in a vice and a steel collar was placed halfway along the tail. A torque wrench was atta ...
DOI:
10.1080/00480169.2019.1685019

6. Prevalence and characterisation of wounds in sheep attributed to attacks by kea (Nestor notabilis) on high country farms in New Zealand

Author:
Reid, CE; Gartrell, BD; Van Andel, M; Stafford, KJ; Minot, EO; McInnes, K
Source:
New Zealand veterinary journal 2020 v.68 no.2 pp. 84-91
ISSN:
1176-0710
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; Nestor notabilis; altitude; conservation status; farms; muscles; predators; risk factors; sheep; New Zealand;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aims: To characterise and classify wounds in sheep suspected to have been caused by attacks by kea (Nestor notabilis) (kea strike), and to report the prevalence of these wounds on five high country farms in the South Island of New Zealand. Methods: Data were collected from farms between 28 August 2012 and 20 September 2013. Sheep were examined opportunistically immediately after shearing for signs ...
DOI:
10.1080/00480169.2019.1678440

7. Diverse cognitive impairment after spinal cord injury is associated with orthostatic hypotension symptom burden

Author:
Nightingale, Tom E.; Zheng, Mei Mu Zi; Sachdeva, Rahul; Phillips, Aaron A.; Krassioukov, Andrei V.
Source:
Physiology & behavior 2020 v.213 pp. 112742
ISSN:
0031-9384
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; blood pressure; brain damage; cognition; cognitive disorders; hypotension; memory; neuropsychological tests; questionnaires; spinal cord;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study: 1) compared cognitive functioning between individuals with chronic (>1 year) spinal cord injury (SCI) and non-injured controls and, 2) assessed associations between symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia and orthostatic hypotension with cognitive functioning in SCI participants with a history of unstable blood pressure (BP). Thirty-two individuals with SCI (C4–L2, American Spinal Injury Ass ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112742

8. Perceptually regulated training does not influence the differentiated RPE response following 16-weeks of aerobic exercise in adults with spinal cord injury

Author:
Hutchinson, Michael John; Valentino, Sydney Ella; Totosy de Zepetnek, Julia; MacDonald, Maureen Jane; Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria Louise
Source:
Applied physiology, nutrition and metabolism 2020 v.45 no.2 pp. 129-134
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; adults; exercise; exercise equipment; exercise test; peak oxygen uptake; spinal cord;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study investigated the effect of prolonged familiarisation with ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) on the peripheral (RPEP) and central (RPEC) RPE responses to moderate–vigorous exercise in adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). RPEP and RPEC characterise the exertion of the working musculature and cardiorespiratory systems, respectively. Nineteen participants (age, 41.4 ± 11.4 years; peak ox ...
DOI:
10.1139/apnm-2019-0062

9. Homicide injury severity in association with the victim-offender relationship

Author:
Tamsen, Fredrik; Sturup, Joakim; Thiblin, Ingemar
Source:
Forensic science international 2019 v.300 pp. 151-156
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; crime; forensic sciences; Sweden;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... There are previous studies that have found associations between specific injury patterns and different victim-offender relationships (VORs) in homicides. We have used quantitative injury severity scores to further investigate this issue. The amount and severity of injuries were assessed in 178 Swedish homicide victims, retrospectively included from the years 2007–2009. We analyzed whether differen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.05.012

10. Serum exosomal microRNA transcriptome profiling in subacute spinal cord injured rats

Author:
Ding, Shu-Qin; Chen, Yu-Qing; Chen, Jing; Wang, Sai-Nan; Duan, Fei-Xiang; Shi, Yu-Jiao; Hu, Jian-Guo; Lü, He-Zuo
Source:
Genomics 2020 v.112 no.6 pp. 5086-5100
ISSN:
0888-7543
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; biomarkers; blood serum; exosomes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; microRNA; prognosis; rats; signal transduction; spinal cord; transcriptomics;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a series of pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although, locally expressed miRNAs have advantages in studying the pathological mechanism, they cannot be used as biomarkers. The “free circulation” miRNAs can be used as biomarkers, but they have low concentration and poor stability in body fluids. Exosomal miRNAs in body fluids have many advantages comparing wi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.09.021

11. Dysregulation in the expression of (lncRNA-TSIX, TP53INP2 mRNA, miRNA-1283) in spinal cord injury

Author:
Salah, Sara Mohammed Mohammed; Matboli, Marwa; Nasser, Hanaa El-Tayeb; Abdelnaiem, Ibrahim Abdelmohsen; Shafei, Ayman El-sayed; EL-Asmer, Mohamed Farid
Source:
Genomics 2020 v.112 no.5 pp. 3315-3321
ISSN:
0888-7543
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; blood serum; gene expression regulation; gene overexpression; messenger RNA; patients; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; spinal cord;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objective of this study is to examine the alterations in the levels of expression of serum lncRNA-TSIX, TP53INP2 mRNA, miRNA-1283 in spinal cord injured (SCI) patients versus healthy control.The expression of the selected RNAs in the sera was determined in 23 patients suffering from acute spinal cord injury, 41 individuals with chronic spinal cord injury, and 36 healthy control using real-time ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.06.018

12. Frontal vehicle illumination via rear‐facing lighting reduces potential for collisions with white‐tailed deer

Author:
DeVault, Travis L.; Seamans, Thomas W.; Blackwell, Bradley F.
Source:
Ecosphere 2020 v.11 no.7 pp. e03187
ISSN:
2150-8925
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; Odocoileus virginianus; accidents; avoidance behavior; deer; escape behavior; light intensity; lighting; risk perception; roads; vision; Canada; United States;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Animal–vehicle collisions cause many millions of animal deaths each year worldwide and present a substantial safety risk to people. In the United States and Canada, deer (Odocoileus spp.) are involved in most animal–vehicle collisions associated with human injuries. We evaluated a vehicle‐based collision mitigation method designed to decrease the likelihood of deer–vehicle collisions during low‐li ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.3187

13. Co-delivery of minocycline and paclitaxel from injectable hydrogel for treatment of spinal cord injury

Author:
Nazemi, Zahra; Nourbakhsh, Mohammad Sadegh; Kiani, Sahar; Heydari, Yasaman; Ashtiani, Mohammad Kazemi; Daemi, Hamed; Baharvand, Hossein
Source:
Journal of controlled release 2020 v.321 pp. 145-158
ISSN:
0168-3659
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; alginates; histology; hydrogels; inflammation; microparticles; minocycline; models; nervous system diseases; neurons; paclitaxel; spinal cord; tissue repair;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces pathological and inflammatory responses that create an inhibitory environment at the site of trauma, resulting in axonal degeneration and functional disability. Combination therapies targeting multiple aspects of the injury, will likely be more effective than single therapies to facilitate tissue regeneration after SCI. In this study, we designed a dual-delivery sy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.02.009

14. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural stem cells encapsulated in hyaluronic acid promotes regeneration in a contusion spinal cord injured rat

Author:
Zarei-Kheirabadi, Masoumeh; Sadrosadat, Hoda; Mohammadshirazi, Atiyeh; Jaberi, Razieh; Sorouri, Farzaneh; Khayyatan, Fahimeh; Kiani, Sahar
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2020 v.148 pp. 1118-1129
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; cell viability; embryonic stem cells; encapsulation; humans; hyaluronic acid; hydrogels; neural stem cells; neurons; oligodendroglia; rats; spinal cord;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic damage that can causes a loss of neurons around the lesion site and resulting in locomotor and sensory deficits. Currently, there is widely attempts in improvement of treatment strategy and cell delivering to the central nervous system (CNS). The usage of hyaluronic acid (HA), the main components of the ECM in CNS tissue and neural stem cells (NSCs) niche, i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.219

15. Engineering Microenvironment for Endogenous Neural Regeneration after Spinal Cord Injury by Reassembling Extracellular Matrix

Author:
Liu, Haiqian; Xu, Xiaoting; Tu, Yujie; Chen, Kaixin; Song, Li; Zhai, Jingyan; Chen, Shengfeng; Rong, Limin; Zhou, Libing; Wu, Wutian; So, Kwok-Fai; Ramakrishna, Seeram; He, Liumin
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.15 pp. 17207-17219
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; axons; electrophysiology; engineering; extracellular matrix; growth factors; hydrogels; immunochemistry; locomotion; myelination; nanofibers; neurogenesis; peptides; spinal cord; therapeutics;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... The formation of a fluid-filled cystic cavity after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major obstacle for neural regeneration. In this study, the post-SCI cavity was bridged by a functional self-assembling peptide (F-SAP) nanofiber hydrogel coupled with growth factor “cocktail”. A sustained release of growth factors was achieved by carefully tailoring the physical hindrances and charge-induced interact ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.9b19638

16. Enhancing myelin repair in experimental model of multiple sclerosis using immobilized chondroitinase ABC I on porous silicon nanoparticles

Author:
Rezaei, Safoura; Dabirmanesh, Bahareh; Zare, Leila; Golestani, Abolfazl; Javan, Mohammad; Khajeh, Khosro
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2020 v.146 pp. 162-170
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; chondroitin sulfate; enzymes; mice; models; myelin sheath; nanoparticles; nerve tissue; oligodendroglia; proteoglycans; sclerosis; silicon; spinal cord;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Removal of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) with chondroitinase ABC I (ChABC) facilitates axonal plasticity, axonal regeneration and remyelination, following injury to the central nervous system (CNS). However, the ChABC rapidly undergoes thermal inactivity and needs to be injected repeatedly. Here this limitation was overcame by immobilizing the ChABC on porous silicon (PSi) nanoparticle ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.258

17. Dextran-based tube-guides for the regeneration of the rat sciatic nerve after neurotmesis injury

Author:
Pinho, Ana Catarina; Vieira Branquinho, Mariana; Alvites, Rui Damásio; Fonseca, Ana Clotilde; Caseiro, Ana Rita; Santos Pedrosa, Sílvia; Luís, Ana Lúcia; Pires, Isabel; Prada, Justina; Muratori, Luísa; Ronchi, Giulia; Geuna, Stefano; Santos, José Domingos; Maurício, Ana Colette; Serra, Arménio Coimbra; Coelho, Jorge Fernando Jordão
Source:
Biomaterials science 2020 v.8 no.3 pp. 798-811
ISSN:
2047-4849
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; animal models; atrophy; dextran; lactones; nerve regeneration; nerve tissue; rats; skeletal muscle; swelling (materials); tissue transplantation;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, dextran-based nerve tube-guides were prepared, characterized and used in a standardized animal model of neurotmesis injury. Non-porous and porous transparent tube-guides were obtained by photocrosslinking of two co-macromonomers based on dextran and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). Swelling capacity of the tube-guides ranged from 40–60% with no visible constriction of their inner diameter ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9bm00901a

18. MiRNA-125a-5p attenuates blood–spinal cord barrier permeability under hypoxia in vitro

Author:
Wang, Jian; Nie, Zhikui; Zhao, Huanhua; Gao, Kai; Cao, Yang
Source:
Biotechnology letters 2020 v.42 no.1 pp. 25-34
ISSN:
0141-5492
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; apoptosis; endothelial cells; gene expression regulation; hypoxia; messenger RNA; mortality; neurons; occludins; permeability; peroxidase; spinal cord; transfection;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Disruption of the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) results in secondary injury and apoptosis of neurons, leading to permanent neurological dysfunction after spinal cord injury. In this study, we evaluate the role of miRNA-125a-5p in the BSCB under hypoxia. The miRNA-125a-5p mimics group showed lower horseradish peroxidase (HRP) permeability and endothelial cell death rates compared with the transf ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10529-019-02753-8

19. Comprehensive therapeutics targeting the corticospinal tract following spinal cord injury

Author:
Xu, An-Kai; Gong, Zhe; He, Yu-Zhe; Xia, Kai-Shun; Tao, Hui-Min
Source:
Journal of Zhejiang University 2019 v.20 no.3 pp. 205-218
ISSN:
1673-1581
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; electrical treatment; patients; spinal cord; therapeutics;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spinal cord injury (SCI), which is much in the public eye, is still a refractory disease compromising the well-being of both patients and society. In spite of there being many methods dealing with the lesion, there is still a deficiency in comprehensive strategies covering all facets of this damage. Further, we should also mention the structure called the corticospinal tract (CST) which plays a cr ...
DOI:
10.1631/jzus.B1800280
PubMed:
30829009
PubMed Central:
PMC6421122

20. Intentional killing and extensive aggressive handling of albatrosses and petrels at sea in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean

Author:
Gianuca, Dimas; Bugoni, Leandro; Jiménez, Sebastián; Daudt, Nicholas W.; Miller, Philip; Canani, Gabriel; Silva-Costa, Augusto; Faria, Fernando A.; Bastida, Julian; Seco Pon, Juan Pablo; Yates, Oli; Serafini, Patricia P.; Bond, Alexander L.
Source:
Biological conservation 2020 v.252 pp. 108817
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
animal injuries,   etc   ; Procellariidae; bycatch; fishermen; international organizations; longline fisheries; mortality; natural resources conservation; predation; seabirds; threatened species; Argentina; Atlantic Ocean; Brazil; Uruguay;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Large Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels) constitute a highly threatened group of birds, for which bycatch in fisheries is the most prevalent threat. At-sea intentional killing and post-capture, handling-related injuries, remain poorly understood menaces. Here, we report fishermen off southern Brazil trying to reduce bait depredation in pole-and-line and handlining fisheries by hitting bir ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108817