An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
antagonists, etc ; Danio rerio; agonists; bioassays; calcium; cardiomyocytes; cardiotoxicity; electron transport chain; gene expression; heart rate; human health; mepanipyrim; mitochondria; toxicity; viticulture; China; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The wide use of pesticides has seriously threatened human health and the survival of beneficial organisms. The fungicide mepanipyrim is widely used in viticulture practices. Studies of mepanipyrim-induced toxicity in organisms are still scarce, especially studies on cardiotoxicity. In this study, we aimed to investigate mepanipyrim-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae. We found ...
antagonists, etc ; antidepressants; ketamine; neuroplasticity; research; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... To explore the convergent downstream pathways of ketamine and rapastinel and drive further development of identification for following generational rapid-acting antidepressants in the synaptic process. Ketamine is an NMDAR antagonist and is proven effective in depression for the rapid and sustained antidepressant response, while rapastinel is an NMDAR positive allosteric modulator, producing antid ...
antagonists, etc ; luteolysis; phosphorylation; progesterone; renin; secretion; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of prorenin/(pro)renin receptor activation on luteal progesterone (P4) secretion. Our hypothesis was that the nonproteolytic activation of (pro)renin receptor [P(RR)] is part of the regulatory mechanism responsible for corpus luteum (CL) function. In the first three experiments, prorenin was found to stimulate the production of P4, which is not inhibi ...
antagonists, etc ; agonists; biotechnology; estradiol; estrogen receptors; females; mice; secretion; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although estradiol (E2) plays a critical role in the promotion of pituitary development and in the regulation of various pituitary hormones, its effects on the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) remain unaddressed. The actions of E2 are mediated by two classical nuclear estrogen receptors α (ERα) and β (ERβ) and the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). However, the types of estrogen receptor ...
antagonists, etc ; brain; dopamine; inflammasomes; interleukin-18; males; renin-angiotensin system; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The tissue renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has been shown to be involved in prooxidative and proinflammatory changes observed in aging and aging-related diseases such as dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We studied the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the substantia nigra with aging and early stages of dopaminergic degeneration in PD models and, particularly, if the brai ...
antagonists, etc ; cadmium; environment; males; melatonin; mice; mitochondria; occludins; stress response; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known testicular toxicant. Blood-testis barrier (BTB), a vital part of testes, which has been reported to be damaged upon Cd exposure. However, the detailed mechanism about Cd-mediated disruption of BTB remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of Heme-Regulated Inhibitor (HRI)-responsive mitochondrial stress in Cd-mediated disruption of BTB. Male mice are int ...
antagonists, etc ; T-lymphocytes; growth retardation; metalloproteinases; models; pancreatic neoplasms; resection; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The clinical effect of immune checkpoint therapy is limited by the poor blocking efficiency of immune checkpoints and the insufficient infiltration of tumor-specific T cells. Here, we constructed enzyme-responsive PVA–peptide conjugates (PPCs) to achieve re-assembly with enhanced accumulation in the tumor region, enable enhanced PD-L1 occupancy and improve the blocking efficiency. The self-assembl ...
antagonists, etc ; body weight; epithelium; histology; males; placebos; puberty; testes; testosterone; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to describe the histological effects of two high postnatal doses of the potent third-generation GnRH antagonist, acyline in the domestic cat testicle. Secondly, the physical, endocrine, and steroidogenic findings of this pharmaceutical protocol are also reported. Twelve postnatal littermate male kittens were administered acyline in a dose of 2.2 mg/100 g SC weekly for 2 w ...
antagonists, etc ; cafeteria foods; energy intake; neurophysiology; obesity; paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus; peptides; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The orexin peptides promote hedonic intake and other reward behaviors through different brain sites. The opioid dynorphin peptides are co-released with orexin peptides but block their effects on reward in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). We previously showed that in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), dynorphin and not orexin peptides enhance hedonic intake, suggesting they have brain ...
antagonists, etc ; bone formation; immunoglobulins; ligands; low density lipoprotein; mutants; osteoblasts; yeasts; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Induction of bone formation by Wnt ligands is inhibited when sclerostin (Scl), an osteocyte-produced antagonist, binds to its receptors, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 or 6 (LRP5/6). Recently, it was shown that enhanced inhibition is achieved by Scl binding to the co-receptor LRP4. However, it is not clear if the binding of Scl to LRP4 facilitates Scl binding to LRP5/6 or ...
antagonists, etc ; antibodies; arabinoxylan; humans; innate immunity; macrophages; particle size; rice; solubility; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Arabinoxylans of various structures and sources have shown to possess the ability to induce a range of immune responses in different cell types in vitro and in vivo. Although the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully established, several studies point towards the involvement of activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Activation of specific PRRs (i.e., Dectin-1 and CR3) has also been ...
antagonists, etc ; agonists; daidzein; food chemistry; genistein; plant estrogens; plant protection; France; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fruits and vegetables are considered to be healthy compared to fats, carbohydrates, and meats. However, their production involves plant protection products (PPPs) or they can contain phytoestrogens which may exhibit endocrine effects. Thus, the exposure to the main PPPs and to phytoestrogens known as endocrine disruptors (EDs) is estimated. PPPs include fungicides, growth substances, herbicides, a ...
antagonists, etc ; bone marrow; humans; liver; macrophages; phenotype; prognosis; protective effect; research; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) mobilize and migrate from bone marrow to peripheral tissues or immune organs, which is associated with poor prognosis in sepsis. Intervention of MDSCs might be a potential target for the effective treatment of sepsis. In the present study, we demonstrated that IL-1R1 blockade with either recombinant human IL-1R antagonist Anakinra or IL-1R1 deficiency had a ...
beta-adrenergic antagonists, etc ; blood pressure; byproducts; carbadox; humans; pollutants; toxicity; wastewater treatment; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Emerging contaminants (ECs) are not completely removed by wastewater treatment owing to their capabilities of making complexes, toxic derivatives, byproduct formation, and dynamic partitioning. Negative contaminant removal i.e., higher concentrations (up to 5731%) of these ECs in the effluent with respect to the influent sampled on the same occasions, is globally prevalent in almost all types of t ...
antagonists, etc ; agonists; biosensors; carbon nanotubes; dose response; drugs; neurotransmitters; synaptic transmission; transistors; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Site-selective drug effects on the ion-channel activities of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors are evaluated by using a nanovesicle-carbon nanotube hybrid device. Here, nanovesicles containing GABAA receptors are immobilized on the channel region of a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. The receptor responses of this hybrid device to GABA are detected with a high sensitivity down t ...
antagonists, etc ; agonists; antibodies; chemistry; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; immunohistochemistry; ligands; peptide receptors; toxicology; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Opioid receptors are divided into the three classical types: MOP(μ:mu), DOP(δ:delta) and KOP(κ:kappa) that are naloxone-sensitive and an additional naloxone-insensitive nociceptin/orphanin FQ(N/OFQ) peptide receptor(NOP). Studies to determine opioid receptor location and turnover variably rely on; (i) measuring receptor mRNA, (ii) genetically tagging receptors, (iii) labelling receptors with radio ...
antagonists, etc ; anesthesia; bladder; brain; corticotropin-releasing hormone; males; neuropeptides; rats; research; urethane; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), a representative stress-related neuropeptide, in the central nervous system reportedly both facilitates and suppresses the micturition, therefore, roles of central CRF in regulation of the micturition are still controversial. In this study, we investigated (1) effects of intracerebroventricularly (icv)-administered CRF on the micturition, and (2) brain CRF rec ...
antagonists, etc ; agonists; brain; calcium; drugs; endoplasmic reticulum; ligands; medicinal properties; neurites; therapeutics; toxicology; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein that has been implicated in attenuating inflammatory stress-mediated brain injuries. Selective S1R agonists represent a new class of therapeutic agent for treating neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, however, to date, no S1R ligand has been approved for therapeutic purposes. We used three potential methods ...
antagonists, etc ; Trichinella spiralis; calcium; hypersensitivity; irritable bowel syndrome; neuroplasticity; pain; phosphorylation; plasticity; therapeutics; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sustained visceral hypersensitivity is a hallmark of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) could be partially explained by enteric neural remodeling. Particularly, synaptic plasticity in the enteric nervous system, a form of enteric “memory”, has been speculated as a participant in the pain maintenance in IBS. This study aimed to elucidate the role of ephrinB2/ephB2 in enteric synaptic plasticity and vis ...