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aridlands, etc ; focus groups; livestock; markets; Kenya; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The mechanisms influencing livestock pricing in Kenya are well studied. The determinants of quality-based payments on markets in conflict-affected areas, however, are hardly documented. In this paper, we offer a deeper understanding of transitions towards quality-based payments from the perspective of livestock buyers in the Kerio-Valley, Kenya. The location is known for protracted communal confli ...
aridlands, etc ; climatology; dry environmental conditions; troposphere; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Based on data obtained from ERA-20C during 1900–2010, this study statistically conducts spatiotemporal characteristics and relations between boundary layer height (BLH) and aridity index (AI) in East Asian drylands, thus originally understanding dry–wet changes from perspective of atmospheric boundary layer. A high (low) BLH generally coincides with regions that have small (large) AI. The annual v ...
aridlands, etc ; fecundity; population growth; species recruitment; viability; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The dynamics of plant populations are often limited by the early stages in their life cycles. However, information regarding seed bank dynamics and how these may influence the whole life cycle of plant species is remarkably scarce or not considered explicitly. This lack of knowledge is due mainly to the challenges in quantifying seed vital rates. Studies of arid land plant species have historicall ...
aridlands, etc ; biogeography; climate change; phylogeny; species richness; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... AIM: Plant–plant interactions are an important factor in structuring plant biodiversity. However, most studies on the impacts of plant–plant interactions on biodiversity focus on species richness and to a lesser extent on other facets of diversity. When other facets of biodiversity are considered, studies often include a limited set of environmental conditions. We aimed to quantify the impacts of ...
aridlands, etc ; data collection; ecosystems; memory; remote sensing; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Vegetation memory describes the effect of antecedent environmental and ecological conditions on the present ecosystem state and has been proposed as an important proxy for vegetation resilience. In particular, strong vegetation memory has been identified in dryland regions, but the factors underlying the spatial patterns of vegetation memory remain unknown. We aim to map the components and drivers ...
aridlands, etc ; domestication; freshwater; phenotype; photosynthesis; phylogeny; plant biology; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Green plants (Viridiplantae) are ancient photosynthetic organisms that thrive both in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, greatly contributing to the changes in global climates and ecosystems. Significant progress has been made toward understanding the origin and evolution of green plants, and plant biologists have arrived at the consensus that green plants first originated in marine deep‐water en ...
aridlands, etc ; advection; climate change; hydrogen; hydrologic cycle; oxygen; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although fog is an important component of the hydrological cycle of drylands, its formation mechanisms are not fully understood leading to discrepancy of fog type classifications using different methodologies. Such discrepancies may result in under or over estimation of the potential impacts of global climate change on the ecohydrology of fog dependent ecosystems. To fill this knowledge gap, this ...
aridlands, etc ; Cenchrus americanus; corn; paddies; panicles; phenology; polarimetry; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The effect of structure and phenology of dryland crops on SAR scattering mechanisms is under explored and under reported. This study aims to understand the complex scattering mechanisms occurring in similar structured crops and to discriminate pearl-millet crop using single date Radarsat-2 SAR data. The study arrived at few significant findings that the panicle stage isthe critical stage for discr ...
aridlands, etc ; glaciers; regression analysis; spatial variation; topography; Asia; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... High Mountain Asia (HMA) region contains the world's highest peaks and the largest concentration of glaciers except for the polar regions, making it sensitive to global climate change. In the context of global warming, most glaciers in the HMA show various degrees of negative mass balance, while some show positive or near-neutral balance. Many studies have reported that spatial heterogeneity in gl ...
aridlands, etc ; concrete; pavements; sand; traffic; wind speed; wind tunnels; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Guardrail, an important highway traffic safety facility, is mainly used to prevent vehicles from accidentally driving off the road and to ensure driving safety. Desert highway guardrails hinder the movement of wind-blown sand, resulting in the decline of sand transportation by the pavement and the deposition of sand gains on the pavement, and endangering traffic safety. To reveal the influence of ...
aridlands, etc ; arid zones; drought; research; water vapor; Indian Ocean; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Central Asian dryland (CAD) and East Asian dryland (EAD) are typical drylands in the globe. They are characterized by less precipitation, with vulnerable and sensitive ecosystems. Although they are located in the heart of continent, precipitation in these regions has opposite patterns on the multi-decadal time scale. In this study, we focus on different responses of precipitation changes in th ...
aridlands, etc ; ecological restoration; ecological succession; rain; soil; soil fauna; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In dryland environments, where rain is scarce and unpredictable, ecological restoration of degraded ecosystems presents significant challenges. Several restoration techniques based on the functioning of ecosystems have emerged, emphasizing the ecological interactions that promote natural succession. In other environments, the use of soil fauna has been recommended to help accelerate ecological suc ...
aridlands, etc ; catenas; ecosystems; homeostasis; microbial biomass; nitrogen; steppes; stoichiometry; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The impacts of increased ecosystem nitrogen (N) inputs on soil microbial biomass C:N:P stoichiometry have been extensively explored. However, the stoichiometric homeostasis and driving mechanisms of microbial C:N:P stoichiometry following N enrichment remain elusive in dryland ecosystems, especially in moderately alkaline desert steppes. Here, we employed a five-year (2015–2019) N enrichment exper ...
aridlands, etc ; altitude; glaciers; ice; models; shortwave radiation; solar radiation; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Topography plays an important role in determining the glacier changes. However, topography has often been oversimplified in the studies of the glacier changes. No systematic studies have been conducted to evaluate the relationship between the glacier changes and topographic features. The present study provided a detailed insight into the changes in the two branches (east branch and west branch) of ...
aridlands, etc ; climate change; models; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hydrothermal condition is mismatched in arid and semi-arid regions, particularly in Central Asia (including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan), resulting many environmental limitations. In this study, we projected hydrothermal condition in Central Asia based on bias-corrected multi-model ensembles (MMEs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) ...
aridlands, etc ; ecological restoration; indigenous species; meta-analysis; species richness; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Species richness is a fundamental component of ecological research including restoration. Managing for enhanced native species richness in restoration is a powerful goal and outcome; nonetheless, local species richness can also be used as a proximate mechanism to decide on the lands to acquire, protect, and restore. Here, a meta‐analysis was used to test the hypothesis that local species richness ...
aridlands, etc ; CRISPR sequences; calcite; ecology; gypsum; metagenomics; viral genome; viruses; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Viruses are key players in the environment, and recent metagenomic studies have revealed their diversity and genetic complexity. Despite progress in understanding the ecology of viruses in extreme environments, viruses’ dynamics and functional roles in dryland ecosystems, which cover about 45% of the Earth’s land surfaces, remain largely unexplored. This study characterizes virus sequences in the ...
aridlands, etc ; aboveground biomass; allometry; forest inventory; forests; herbivores; savannas; wildfires; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Almost one third of global drylands are open forests and savannas, which are typically shaped by frequent natural disturbances such as wildfire and herbivory. Studies on ecosystem functions and services of woody vegetation require robust estimates of aboveground biomass (AGB). However, most methods have been developed for comparatively undisturbed forest ecosystems. As they are not tailored to acc ...
aridlands, etc ; farms; food security; livestock; risk; supply chain; sustainable development; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Analyzing the sustainability of grazing livestock farming systems in the drylands at the farm and household or territorial levels (in terms of food security, well-being, value chain performance, feed supply, and maintenance of common grazing resources) constitutes a major challenge in the context of global changes. In particular, social–natural interdependency in an entanglement of spatial and tem ...
aridlands, etc ; anthropology; case studies; desertification; livestock; pastoralism; qualitative analysis; Namibia; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Most studies and conceptualizations of tipping points in environmental and climatic systems have been conducted using natural science perspectives and approaches. Socio-scientific contributions—including Anthropology—are scarce. This has resulted in a limited understanding of the socio-cultural dimensions of tipping point phenomena at the local level. This paper contributes to ongoing discussion a ...