U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Subject "artificial selection" Remove constraint Subject: "artificial selection"
Start Over

Search

2,424  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 2,424 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Effects of hunting pressure and timing of harvest on bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) horn size

Author:
Roxane Lassis; Marco Festa-Bianchet; Fanie Pelletier
Source:
Canadian journal of zoology 2022 v.100 no.8 pp. 507-516
ISSN:
1480-3283
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Ovis canadensis; zoology; Alberta;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Trophy hunting can affect weapon size of wild animals through both demographic and evolutionary changes. In bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis Shaw, 1804), intense harvest of young males with fast-growing horns may have partly driven long-term decreases in horn size. These selective effects could be dampened if migrants from protected areas, not subject to artificial selection, survived and reproduced ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjz-2021-0082

2. Colour biases in learned foraging preferences in Trinidadian guppies

Author:
M. Wyatt Toure; Simon M. Reader
Source:
Ethology 2022 v.128 no.1 pp. 49-60
ISSN:
0179-1613
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Poecilia reticulata; animal behavior; color;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Learning allows animals to adaptively adjust their behaviour in response to variable but predictable environments. Stable aspects of the environment may result in evolved or developmental biases in the systems impacting learning, allowing for improved learning performance according to local ecological conditions. Guppies (Poecilia reticulata), like many animals, show striking colour preferences in ...
DOI:
10.1111/eth.13237

3. The integrated genomics of crop domestication and breeding

Author:
Xuehui Huang; Sanwen Huang; Bin Han; Jiayang Li
Source:
Cell 2022 v.185 no.15 pp. 2828-2839
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; domestication; food security; genomics; humans;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... As a major event in human civilization, wild plants were successfully domesticated to be crops, largely owing to continuing artificial selection. Here, we summarize new discoveries made during the past decade in crop domestication and breeding. The construction of crop genome maps and the functional characterization of numerous trait genes provide foundational information. Approaches to read, inte ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.036

4. Unravelling the effect of environment on the genome of Sarda breed ewes using Runs of Homozygosity

Author:
Alberto Cesarani; Giustino Gaspa; Fabio Correddu; Corrado Dimauro; Nicolò P. P. Macciotta
Source:
Journal of animal breeding and genetics 2022 v.139 no.3 pp. 292-306
ISSN:
0931-2668
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; altitude; breeds; flocks; homozygosity; probability; temperature;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Natural adaptation and artificial selection have shaped the genome of modern livestock breeds. Among SNP‐based metrics that are used to detect signatures of selection at genome‐wide level, runs of homozygosity (ROH) are getting increasing popularity. In this paper, ROH distribution and features of a sample of 823 Sarda breed ewes farmed at different levels of altitude are analysed to investigate t ...
DOI:
10.1111/jbg.12666

5. Microbiome breeding: conceptual and practical issues

Author:
Ulrich G. Mueller; Timothy A. Linksvayer
Source:
Trends in microbiology 2022 v.30 no.10 pp. 997-1011
ISSN:
0966-842X
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; animals; hosts; microbiology; microbiome; quantitative genetics;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microbiome breeding is a new artificial selection technique that seeks to change the genetic composition of microbiomes in order to benefit plant or animal hosts. Recent experimental and theoretical analyses have shown that microbiome breeding is possible whenever microbiome-encoded genetic factors affect host traits (e.g., health) and microbiomes are transmissible between hosts with sufficient fi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2022.04.003

6. Beyond the gene: epigenetic and cis-regulatory targets offer new breeding potential for the future

Author:
Peter A Crisp; Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur; Penny Hundleby; Ian D Godwin; Peter M Waterhouse; Lee T Hickey
Source:
Current opinion in biotechnology 2022 v.73 pp. 88-94
ISSN:
0958-1669
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; biotechnology; crops; epigenetics; genetic variation; synthetic biology;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... For millennia, natural and artificial selection has combined favourable alleles for desirable traits in crop species. While modern plant breeding has achieved steady increases in crop yields over the last century, on the current trajectory we will simply not meet demand by 2045. Novel breeding strategies and sources of genetic variation will be required to sustainably fill predicted yield gaps and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.copbio.2021.07.008

7. Applications of Biotechnology in Food and Agriculture: a Mini-Review

Author:
Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz Ranjha; Bakhtawar Shafique; Waseem Khalid; Hafiz Rehan Nadeem; Ghulam Mueen-ud-Din; Muhammad Zubair Khalid
Source:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section B: biological sciences 2022 v.92 no.1 pp. 11-15
ISSN:
0369-8211
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; beers; biotechnology; cheeses; fermentation; industry; society; wines; India;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biotechnology is a wide-ranging science that uses modern technologies to construct biological processes, organisms, cells or cellular components. The clinical new instruments, industry, and products developed by biotechnologists are useful in research, agriculture and other major fields. The biotechnology is as ancient as civilization. The food you buy, and the pets you love? Using artificial sele ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40011-021-01320-4

8. Artificial selection of stable rhizosphere microbiota leads to heritable plant phenotype changes

Author:
Samuel Jacquiod; Aymé Spor; Shaodong Wei; Victoria Munkager; David Bru; Søren J. Sørensen; Christophe Salon; Laurent Philippot; Manuel Blouin
Source:
Ecology letters 2022 v.25 no.1 pp. 189-201
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Brachypodium distachyon; community structure; heritability; leaves; microorganisms; phenotype; rhizosphere;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Artificial selection of microbiota opens new avenues for improving plants. However, reported results lack consistency. We hypothesised that the success in artificial selection of microbiota depends on the stabilisation of community structure. In a ten‐generation experiment involving 1,800 plants, we selected rhizosphere microbiota of Brachypodium distachyon associated with high or low leaf greenne ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13916

9. Dissection of the practical soybean breeding pipeline by developing ZDX1, a high-throughput functional array

Author:
Rujian Sun; Bincheng Sun; Yu Tian; Shanshan Su; Yong Zhang; Wanhai Zhang; Jingshun Wang; Ping Yu; Bingfu Guo; Huihui Li; Yanfei Li; Huawei Gao; Yongzhe Gu; Lili Yu; Yansong Ma; Erhu Su; Qiang Li; Xingguo Hu; Qi Zhang; Rongqi Guo; Shen Chai; Lei Feng; Jun Wang; Huilong Hong; Jiangyuan Xu; Xindong Yao; Jing Wen; Jiqiang Liu; Yinghui Li; Lijuan Qiu
Source:
Theoretical and applied genetics 2022 v.135 no.4 pp. 1413-1427
ISSN:
0040-5752
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; alleles; dissection; genomics; genotyping; microarray technology; prediction; progeny; soybeans;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: We developed the ZDX1 high-throughput functional soybean array for high accuracy evaluation and selection of both parents and progeny, which can greatly accelerate soybean breeding. Microarray technology facilitates rapid, accurate, and economical genotyping. Here, using resequencing data from 2214 representative soybean accessions, we developed the high-throughput functional array ZD ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00122-022-04043-w

10. The Shape of the Nasal Cavity and Adaptations to Sniffing in the Dog (Canis familiaris) Compared to Other Domesticated Mammals: A Review Article

Author:
Anna Buzek; Katarzyna Serwańska-Leja; Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska; Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; air flow; dogs; explosives; humans; hypertrophy; nasal cavity; people; skull;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dogs are a good starting point for the description and anatomical analysis of turbinates of the nose. This work aimed at summing up the state of knowledge on the shape of the nasal cavity and airflow in these domestic animals and dealt with the brachycephalic syndrome (BOAS) and anatomical changes in the initial airway area in dogs with a short and widened skull. As a result of artificial selectio ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040517

11. First Glimpse on Spring Starflower Domestication

Author:
Agostina B. Sassone; Frank R. Blattner; Liliana M. Giussani; Diego H. Hojsgaard
Source:
Genes 2022 v.13 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4425
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Ipheion uniflorum; cultivars; domestication; genetic variation; geophytes; heterozygosity; phenotype; provenance;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The cultivation and domestication of plants are human-driven processes that change the biology and attributes of a plant. Ipheion uniflorum is a bulbous geophyte known as Spring Starflower whose cultivation dates back to the first half of the 19th century. At least seven cultivars have been developed from natural stands. However, comparative analyses of wild and cultivated materials are largely mi ...
DOI:
10.3390/genes13020243

12. Genetic link between mobility and sexual attractiveness in male Tribolium castaneum beetles

Author:
Kentarou Matsumura; Yukio Yasui
Source:
Animal behaviour 2022 v.188 pp. 111-117
ISSN:
0003-3472
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Tribolium castaneum; animal behavior; females; males; mating behavior; sexual selection;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Securing females is a crucial determinant of male fitness in many species. Mate-searching efficiency is often associated with increased mobility in males, but an increased investment in movement may reduce other fitness traits via potential trade-offs. In precopulatory sexual selection via female mate choice, the rate of encounter with females and the attractiveness of males are essential to incre ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.04.010

13. Cob color, an indicator of grain dehydration and agronomic traits in maize hybrids

Author:
Xiao-Gui Liang; Zhen Gao; Si Shen; Xue Zhao; Li Zhang; Shun-Li Zhou
Source:
crop journal 2022 v.10 no.2 pp. 582-586
ISSN:
2214-5141
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; color; corn; cultivars; hybrids; nitrogen content; ontogeny; plant morphology; water content;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Screening for agronomic traits associated with grain moisture is important for mechanical grain-harvesting of maize. Cob color as a visual indicator has received limited attention, though it has been subjected to artificial selection, and may have some association with threshability. To investigate the relationships between cob color and grain moisture and other agronomic traits, field experiments ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cj.2021.11.003

14. Advantages of laboratory natural selection in the applied sciences

Author:
Jordan A. Lewis; Levi T. Morran
Source:
Journal of evolutionary biology 2022 v.35 no.1 pp. 5-22
ISSN:
1010-061X
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; applied research; bioremediation; directed evolution; drug resistance; fuel production; natural selection;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the past three decades, laboratory natural selection has become a widely used technique in biological research. Most studies which have utilized this technique are in the realm of basic science, often testing hypotheses related to mechanisms of evolutionary change or ecological dynamics. While laboratory natural selection is currently utilized heavily in this setting, there is a significant gap ...
DOI:
10.1111/jeb.13964

15. Passage and the evolution of virulence in invertebrate pathogens: Fundamental and applied perspectives

Author:
Ben Raymond; Zoltan Erdos
Source:
Journal of invertebrate pathology 2022 v.187 pp. 107692
ISSN:
0022-2011
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Baculoviridae; Nematoda; biological control; directed evolution; evolution; invertebrates; kin selection; virulence;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding the ecological and genetic factors that determine the evolution of virulence has broad value for invertebrate pathology. In addition to helping us understand the fundamental biology of our study organisms this body of theory has important applications in microbial biocontrol. Experimental tests of virulence theory are often carried out in invertebrate models and yet theory rarely inf ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jip.2021.107692

16. Multi-year evidence of unbiased sex ratios in hatchery and wild-reared age-0 lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)

Author:
Gabrielle E. Sanfilippo; Joseph J. Riedy; Douglas L. Larson; Kim T. Scribner
Source:
Journal of Great Lakes research 2022 v.48 no.5 pp. 1306-1313
ISSN:
0380-1330
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Acipenser fulvescens; genetic drift; genetic variation; hatcheries; juveniles; mortality; research; species recruitment;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Assessment of population sex ratios allows managers to forecast recruitment dynamics and loss of genetic diversity in natural populations and is important when the focal population is in low abundance and subject to demographic stochasticity. If levels of natural or artificial selection differ for males and females and levels of mortality likewise vary, lower levels of population recruitment, loss ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jglr.2022.07.004

17. Comparative Assessment of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spider Morph and Wild Type Ball Pythons (Python regius) for Evaluation of the Morphological Correlate of Wobble Syndrome

Author:
Fabian Schrenk; J. Matthias Starck; Thomas Flegel; Ingmar Kiefer; Wiebke Tebrün; Michael Pees
Source:
Journal of comparative pathology 2022 v.196 pp. 26-40
ISSN:
0021-9975
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Python regius; animal welfare; color; computed tomography; inner ear; magnetism; reptiles; spiders;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... There is general awareness of artificial selection and its potential implications on the health and welfare of animals. Despite growing popularity and increasing numbers of reptile breeds of atypical colour and pattern variants, only a few studies have investigated the appearance and causes of diseases associated with colour morphs. Ball pythons (Python regius) are among the most frequently bred r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcpa.2022.05.003

18. Harnessing epigenetic variability for crop improvement: current status and future prospects

Author:
Eun Yu Kim; Kyung Do Kim; Jungnam Cho
Source:
Genes & genomics 2022 v.44 no.3 pp. 259-266
ISSN:
1976-9571
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; CRISPR-Cas systems; DNA methylation; epigenetics; epigenome; genes; genetic variation; genomics; tissue culture;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The epigenetic mechanisms play critical roles in a vast diversity of biological processes of plants, including development and response to environmental challenges. Particularly, DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic signature that supplements the genetics-based view of complex life phenomena. In crop breeding, the decrease in genetic diversity due to artificial selection of conventio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13258-021-01189-7

19. Deletion in KRT75L4 linked to frizzle feather in Xiushui Yellow Chickens

Author:
B. Chen; S. Xi; H. K. El‐Senousey; M. Zhou; D. Cheng; K. Chen; L. Wan; T. Xiong; M. Liao; S. Liu; H. Mao
Source:
Animal genetics 2022 v.53 no.1 pp. 101-107
ISSN:
0268-9146
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; animal genetics; chickens; genome; genome-wide association study; genotyping; missense mutation; phenotype; China;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bird feathers are the product of interactions between natural and artificial selection. Feather‐related traits are important for chicken selection and breeding. Frizzle feather is characterized by the abnormally development of feathers in chickens. In the current study, frizzle feather characteristics were observed in a local breed called Xiushui Yellow Chicken in Jiangxi, China. To determine the ...
DOI:
10.1111/age.13158

20. Developing Lines of Queensland Fruit Flies with Different Levels of Response to a Kairomone Lure

Author:
Maryam Yazdani
Source:
Insects 2022 v.13 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
artificial selection,   etc   ; Bactrocera tryoni; cages; fruit flies; fruits; horticulture; kairomones; males; pest management; pests; Queensland;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Queensland fruit fly (Q-fly), Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) is a serious horticultural pest in Australia because it is highly invasive and destructive. Among all pest management practices, sterile insect techniques (SIT) and male annihilation techniques (MAT) are important control options for many tephritid fruit fly pests, including Q-fly. However, simultaneous applications of MAT and SIT requ ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects13080666