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1. Optical and portable equipment for characterizing soil roughness

Author:
Bianca Batista Barreto; Elisângela Ribeiro; Fernando Pujaico Rivera; Roberto Alves Braga Junior; Bernardo Cândido; Blair McKenzie
Source:
Smart agricultural technology 2023 v.3 pp. 100062
ISSN:
2772-3755
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; composts; lighting; optical equipment; portable equipment; roughness; soil; surface roughness; vision;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Knowledge of surface roughness with the consequent presence of crust in the soil is important information for the rational management of environmental resources. Soil surface roughness can be determined by contact and noncontact methods. Contact methods have lower values and precision than noncontact methods. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop low-cost, portable and robust optic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atech.2022.100062

2. Development of the horizontal optocollic reflex in juvenile barn owls (Tyto furcata pratincola)

Author:
Hermann Wagner; Ina Pappe; Sandra Brill; Hans-Ortwin Nalbach
Source:
Journal of comparative physiology 2022 v.208 no.4 pp. 479-492
ISSN:
0340-7594
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; adults; asymmetry; birds; juveniles;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Adult barn owls and primates possess an almost symmetric monocular rotational horizontal optocollic reflex. In primates, the reflex is initially asymmetric and becomes symmetric with time after birth. The condition in barn owls has not been studied so far. Here, we present data on the development of this reflex in this bird. We tested juvenile barn owls from the time before they open their eyes af ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00359-022-01555-0

3. Reduction of airborne particulate matter from pig and poultry rearing facilities using engineered water nanostructures

Author:
Yingjie Yang; Shelley P. Kirychuk; Yuchen Si; Myra C. Martel; Huiqing Guo; Bernardo Z. Predicala; Lifeng Zhang
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2022 v.218 pp. 1-9
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; particulates; pollution; poultry; swine;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Animal buildings are an important source of particulate matter (PM) pollution. Particulate matter has been known to have both environmental and health impacts and control measures for PM are essential. This study developed a laboratory-scale electrospray system to generate engineered water nanostructures (EWNS), which are highly-charged nano-sized water droplets, and tested the effectiveness of th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2022.03.013

4. Influence of Using Perforated Plastic Flooring Beneath the Waterline on Growth Performance, Litter Quality, and Footpad Health of Broiler Chickens: A Field Study

Author:
Sylvan-Justin Sonnabend; Fabian Spieß; Bernd Reckels; Marwa F. E. Ahmed; Amr Abd El-Wahab; Christian Sürie; Jan Berend Lingens; Christian Visscher
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.14 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; animal welfare; growth performance; slaughterhouses;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of slatted flooring beneath waterlines in broiler barns on litter quality and, subsequently, footpad health. The hypothesis tested was that installing slatted flooring underneath waterlines helps to improve litter quality and thus reduces footpad diseases, enhancing animal welfare as a result. Five experimental runs with two groups were conducted. E ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12141749

5. First Breeding Record of the Black Vulture (Coragyps atratus) in Vermont

Author:
Cynthia M. Crowley; Kyle F. Tansley; Neil J. Buckley
Source:
Northeastern naturalist 2022 v.29 no.1 pp. N1
ISSN:
1092-6194
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; Coragyps atratus; chicks; vultures; Vermont;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report the first breeding record of Coragyps atratus (Black Vulture) in Vermont. The birds nested in a dilapidated barn in downtown Burlington, and successfully reared a single chick despite the barn's partial demolition shortly after the chick hatched. This record represents the northernmost breeding record in the US for the species, whose US range has extended steadily northwards in the past ...
DOI:
10.1656/045.029.0103

6. Plumage damage and back skin lesions in laying hens with untrimmed beak depend on rearing of pullets and genetics

Author:
E. Gernand; C. Ahlers; M. Huchler; K. Donat
Source:
British poultry science 2022 v.63 no.3 pp. 274-282
ISSN:
1466-1799
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; beak; cannibalism; cloaca; plumage; risk;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Within a triennial project, 34 layer flocks with untrimmed beaks were examined regularly throughout the laying period to broaden knowledge on the occurrence and development of severe feather pecking and cannibalism, as well as on factors influencing this non-desirable behaviour. 2. Flocks involved 850 to 27,183 hens of seven different genetics, kept in a barn or on free-range systems. Damage to ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071668.2021.1975259

7. An Integrated Goat Head Detection and Automatic Counting Method Based on Deep Learning

Author:
Yu Zhang; Chengjun Yu; Hui Liu; Xiaoyan Chen; Yujie Lei; Tao Pang; Jie Zhang
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.14 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; data collection; goats; head; sustainable development;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Goat farming is one of the pillar industries for sustainable development of national economies in some countries and plays an active role in social and economic development. In order to realize the precision and intelligence of goat breeding, this paper describes an integrated goat detection and counting method based on deep learning. First, we constructed a new dataset of video images of goats fo ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12141810

8. Optocollic responses in adult barn owls (Tyto furcata)

Author:
Hermann Wagner; Ina Pappe; Hans-Ortwin Nalbach
Source:
Journal of comparative physiology 2022 v.208 no.2 pp. 239-251
ISSN:
0340-7594
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; adults; binocular vision; chickens; eyes; head;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Barn owls, like primates, have frontally oriented eyes, which allow for a large binocular overlap. While owls have similar binocular vision and visual-search strategies as primates, it is less clear whether reflexive visual behavior also resembles that of primates or is more similar to that of closer related, but lateral-eyed bird species. Test cases are visual responses driven by wide-field movem ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00359-021-01524-z

9. Accelerometer derived rumination monitoring detects changes in behaviour around parturition

Author:
Anita Z. Chang; Eloise S. Fogarty; David L. Swain; Alvaro García-Guerra; Mark G. Trotter
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2022 v.247 pp. 105566
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; accelerometers; algorithms; animal behavior; cattle; ears; labor; models; rumination;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Monitoring cattle for parturition is a labour-intensive task that is often not feasible in extensive environments. On-animal sensors, however, provide a means of remotely monitoring animals, without the labour requirements of traditional observation. This paper explores the use of a rumination algorithm with accelerometer ear tags to observe the changes in rumination around calving. Calving cattle ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105566

10. Dairy Cow Behavior Is Affected by Period, Time of Day and Housing

Author:
Lisette M. C. Leliveld; Elisabetta Riva; Gabriele Mattachini; Alberto Finzi; Daniela Lovarelli; Giorgio Provolo
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; dairy cows; farm management; farms; microclimate; summer; winter; Italy;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dairy cow behavior is affected by external and endogenous factors, including time of year, barn microclimate, time of day and housing. However, little is known about the combined effects of these factors. Data were collected on eight farms in Northern Italy during summer, winter and a temperate season. The temperature-humidity index (THI) was recorded using environmental sensors, whereas cow behav ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040512

11. Solar radiation limits the use of paddocks by laying hens raised in the free-range system

Author:
Evandro Menezes de Oliveira; Larissa Queiroz Medeiros de Oliveira; João Victor do Nascimento Mós; Bruno Emanuel Teixeira; Sheila Tavares Nascimento; Vinícius Machado dos Santos
Source:
Tropical animal health and production 2022 v.54 no.3 pp. 181
ISSN:
0049-4747
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; air; animal health; data collection; direct solar radiation; heat; savannas;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Laying hens on the free-range systems are susceptible to challenging situations in relation to the rearing environment. Therefore, this work evaluated how solar radiation influences the behavior of laying hens raised in a free-range system, in the Brazilian Savanna. The activities included data collection of meteorological variables and behavioral analysis of 300 commercial laying hens in relation ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11250-022-03179-7

12. The owl that never left! Taphonomy of Earlier Stone Age small mammal assemblages from Wonderwerk Cave (South Africa)

Author:
María Dolores Marin-Monfort; Sara García-Morato; Peter Andrews; D. Margaret Avery; Michael Chazan; Liora Kolska Horwitz; Yolanda Fernández-Jalvo
Source:
Quaternary international 2022 v.614 pp. 111-125
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; Tyto alba; bone density; occupations; paleoecology; small mammals; South Africa;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wonderwerk Cave, in South Africa, is an exceptional site that has yielded a large collection of small mammal fossils in a stratigraphic sequence reaching back ca. 2 million years. Taphonomic studies undertaken to date, show that Tytonidae (likely Tyto alba) was the dominant predator during the Earlier Stone Age. They produced masses of pellets that formed a dense carpet-like surface that covered t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2021.04.014

13. Rodents and other micromammals from the Pleistocene strata in Excavation 1 at Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa: A work in progress

Author:
D. Margaret Avery
Source:
Quaternary international 2022 v.614 pp. 23-36
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; Gerbilliscus; Macroscelididae; Murinae; Pleistocene epoch; Soricidae; Tyto alba; nests; South Africa;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... This preliminary report concerns the micromammalian remains recovered from the Pleistocene strata in Excavation 1 at Wonderwerk Cave by Peter B. Beaumont during the 1980s and early 1990s. Because of the large size of the samples (170 656 specimens representing a minimum of 71 304 individuals), identification has so far only been taken to the generic level. Remains belonging to 34, and possibly 36, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2020.07.024

14. Assessment of ammonia sensors and photoacoustic measurement systems using a gas calibration unit

Author:
Naemi von Jasmund; Alexander J. Schmithausen; Manuel S. Krommweh; Manfred Trimborn; Peter Boeker; Wolfgang Büscher
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2022 v.194 pp. 106744
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; agricultural sciences; agriculture; air quality; ammonia; calibration; electrochemistry; electronics; relative humidity;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The accurate measurement of environmentally-relevant gases such as ammonia (NH₃) is increasingly important, especially in agricultural science. Accurate and continuous measurement of gases is essential for evaluating NH₃ and other gases as resource-based indicators of air quality in forced ventilation barns and for determining emission rates. To better assess measuring devices under different barn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2022.106744

15. 1H NMR as a simple methodology for differentiating barn and free-range chicken eggs

Author:
Pedro Henrique Soares Cardoso; Enya Silva de Oliveira; Luciano Morais Lião; Gerlon de Almeida Ribeiro Oliveira
Source:
Food chemistry 2022 v.396 pp. 133720
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; centrifugation; chickens; cholesterol; egg industry; food chemistry; fraud; glycerol; moieties; quality control;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The conventional intensive system produces cheap and safe chicken eggs, but exposes the animals to stress due to overcrowding on farms. This work compared the ¹HNMR lipidic profile of chicken eggs produced in conventional and free-range systems. Sample preparation consisted of a single-step extraction and centrifugation, and the ¹H NMR experimental time was just 3 min per sample. Eggs from free-ra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133720

16. Analysis of eggs depending on the hens' breeding systems by Raman spectroscopy

Author:
M. Kopec; H. Abramczyk
Source:
Food control 2022 v.141 pp. 109178
ISSN:
0956-7135
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; Raman spectroscopy; biomarkers; cages; carotenoids; food industry; food safety; profitability; public health;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this study is to show that Raman spectroscopy is a sensitive tool, which can be used to analyse eggs obtained in various hens' housing breeding systems. This study provided a new and simple method for testing hens’ eggs breeding systems. Raman methods have the potential to be applied by commercial inspections in the food industry for verification labels placed on eggs. The development o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109178

17. Detection of rumination in cattle using an accelerometer ear-tag: A comparison of analytical methods and individual animal and generic models

Author:
Anita Z. Chang; Eloise S. Fogarty; Luis E. Moraes; Alvaro García-Guerra; David L. Swain; Mark G. Trotter
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2022 v.192 pp. 106595
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; Angus; accelerometers; agriculture; crossbreds; discriminant analysis; electronics; models; prediction; regression analysis; rumination;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... On-animal sensors are revolutionising livestock farming by automating individual animal monitoring. Rumination is closely linked to cow health and physiology and is a perfect candidate for monitoring using on-animal sensors. The purpose of the current study was to determine if a tri-axial accelerometer ear-tag could be used to detect rumination behaviour in eight multiparous Angus crossbreed cows ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2021.106595

18. Effects of free-choice pasture access on lameness recovery and behavior of lame dairy cattle

Author:
Kathryn J. McLellan; Daniel M. Weary; Marina A.G. von Keyserlingk
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2022 v.105 no.8 pp. 6845-6857
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; Holstein; confidence interval; dairy science; free stalls; gait; hooves; lameness; odds ratio; pastures;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lameness is a common condition in dairy cows. Free-choice access to pasture may benefit lame cows by providing a softer and more comfortable lying and standing surface; however, the effects of this system on lameness have not yet been explored. We evaluated whether a 7-wk period of free-choice pasture access would improve lameness recovery and affect the lying behavior of lame dairy cows. Lactatin ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2021-21042

19. Spatial modeling via geostatistics and infrared thermography of the skin temperature of dairy cows in a compost barn system in the Brazilian semiarid region

Author:
Marcos Vinícius da Silva; Héliton Pandorfi; Gledson Luiz Pontes de Almeida; Rodes Angelo Batista da Silva; Kenny Ruben Montalvo Morales; Cristiane Guiselini; Taize Calvacante Santana; Geraldo Luís Charles de Cangela; José Antonio Delfino Barbosa Filho; Alex Souza Moraes; Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Montenegro; José Francisco de Oliveira Júnior
Source:
Smart agricultural technology 2023 v.3 no. pp. 100078
ISSN:
2772-3755
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; cameras; composts; descriptive statistics; geostatistics; kriging; models; semiarid zones; skin temperature; thermography; ventilation systems;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of the study was i) to determine the spatial variability of the skin temperature of dairy cows in a compost system and ii) to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions of confined animals. Skin temperature (Tₛₖᵢₙ,°C) was recorded in three animals at 9:00 am (morning) and the measurement was repeated at 3:00 pm (afternoon) using a thermographic camera (model FLIR i60). Tₛₖᵢₙ data were submitt ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atech.2022.100078

20. Evaluation of environmental and physiological indicators in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress

Author:
Hang Shu; Leifeng Guo; Jérôme Bindelle; Tingting Fang; Mingjie Xing; Fuyu Sun; Xiaoyang Chen; Wenju Zhang; Wensheng Wang
Source:
International journal of biometeorology 2022 v.66 no.6 pp. 1219-1232
ISSN:
0020-7128
Subject:
barns,   etc   ; Holstein; ambient temperature; bioclimatology; cell respiration; dairy farming; eyes; heat; heat stress; surface temperature;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aimed to better understand environmental heat stress and physiological heat strain indicators in lactating dairy cows. Sixteen heat stress indicators were derived using microenvironmental parameters that were measured at the surrounding of cows and at usual fixed locations in the barn by using handheld and fixed subarea sensors, respectively. Twenty high-producing Holstein–Friesian dair ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00484-022-02270-w