An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
biomass, etc ; computer software; forestry; linear models; paper; prediction; pyrolysis oils; solubility; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... There is increasing growth in research of the development, upgrading and valorization of forestry and agriculture-derived products for applications in fuels, chemicals, and materials. Many biochemical and thermochemical biomass conversion technologies yield unique products for which laboratory characterization of structure and properties is still an ongoing challenge. Historically, popular approac ...
biomass, etc ; aerosols; algorithms; comparative study; mass spectrometry; spectrometers; China; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The real-time detection of the mixing states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs in ambient particles is of great significance for analyzing the source, aging process, and health effects of PAHs and nitro-PAHs; yet there is still few effective technology to achieve this type of detection. In this study, 11 types of PAH and nitro-PAH standard samples were analyzed using a high ...
biomass, etc ; aerosols; air quality; carbon; emissions factor; humans; China; India; Laos; Myanmar; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Black carbon (BC) has importance regarding aerosol composition, radiative balance, and human exposure. This study adopted a backward-trajectory approach to quantify the origins of BC from anthropogenic emissions (BCAn) and open biomass burning (BCBB) transported to Xishuangbanna in 2017. Haze months, between haze and clean months, and clean months in Xishuangbanna were defined according to daily P ...
microbial biomass, etc ; carbon dioxide; fungi; toluene; volatile organic compounds; wheat straw; China; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... As a common practice in agricultural system, straw return has been reported to release a large number of trace gases and attracted much attention. However, the role of straw return in toluene emission remains poorly understood. In this study we measured the emissions of toluene as well as other 50 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wheat straw return for 66 days under flooded and non-flooded c ...
biomass, etc ; calcium oxide; clean energy; feedstocks; gasification; hematite; oxygen; steam; synthesis gas; temperature; China; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Syngas is a clean energy carrier and a major industrial feedstock. In this paper, syngas was produced via biomass chemical looping gasification (CLG) process. Hematite, the most common Fe-based oxygen carrier (OC), was modified with different metal oxides (CeO₂, CaO and MgO) by the impregnation method. The hematite modified by CeO₂, CaO and MgO was namely as CeO₂-hematite (CeO₂-H), CaO-hematite (C ...
... High phosphorus steel slag and carbonized rice husk are two common wastes characterized by high generation and low secondary use values. Through the reduction of high phosphorus steel slag by biomass, both wastes were fully utilized, thus reducing the negative impact on the environment. In this study, variables such as temperature, time, and amount of reactants were changed to determine the optima ...
... New short rotation poplar plantations yield a mix of biomass and logs, whereby the latter are used for board production and represent the most valuable component. Therefore, there is an interest in maximizing log yield, which must be balanced against the incremental time consumption incurred for manufacturing any additional logs. This study explored the optimization potential of manipulating log s ...
Oliver Carroll; Evan Batzer; Siddharth Bharath; Elizabeth T. Borer; Sofía Campana; Ellen Esch; Yann Hautier; Timothy Ohlert; Eric W. Seabloom; Peter B. Adler; Jonathan D. Bakker; Lori Biederman; Miguel N. Bugalho; Maria Caldeira; Qingqing Chen; Kendi F. Davies; Philip A. Fay; Johannes M. H. Knops; Kimberly Komatsu; Jason P. Martina; Kevin S. McCann; Joslin L. Moore; John W. Morgan; Taofeek O. Muraina; Brooke Osborne; Anita C. Risch; Carly Stevens; Peter A. Wilfahrt; Laura Yahdjian; Andrew S. MacDougall
aboveground biomass; biomass production, etc ; eutrophication; nitrogen; phosphorus; phytomass; potassium; species richness; standard deviation; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nutrient enrichment can simultaneously increase and destabilise plant biomass production, with co‐limitation by multiple nutrients potentially intensifying these effects. Here, we test how factorial additions of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium with essential nutrients (K+) affect the stability (mean/standard deviation) of aboveground biomass in 34 grasslands over 7 years. Destabilisatio ...
... Soil respiration (Rs) is a major component of terrestrial carbon cycling, which varies greatly with spatial heterogeneity or under grazing. There is scant evidence for the interactive effects of microtopography and grazing on Rs, particularly in alpine swamp meadow ecosystems where hummocks and hollows are common microtopographic features. We conducted a grazing exclusion experiment in an alpine s ...
... There has been an increased interest in the production of sustainable biochar in the past years, as biochar shows versatile physicochemical properties and, can have a wide applicability in diverse fields. Comprehensive studies have been made to characterize biochar produced from various biomass materials, using different production technologies and under different process conditions. However, rese ...
... Camera estimation of fish size in aquaculture production and fisheries is crucial for enabling knowledge-based decision making. Automatic estimation of fish lengths on an individual and population basis are key steps to automate biomass estimation. We propose to use an underwater 3D range-gated camera for accurate fish-length estimation of free-swimming fish. The proposed algorithm requires no man ...
... The preparation of diphenol and diquinone from biomass is significant for sustainable fine chemicals, which are currently developed from fossil-based or lignin-derived phenols. Herein, a class of transition-metal oxides (CeO₂, MoO₃, and MoO₃/CeO₂) with different O₂ activation abilities and basicity was prepared for the catalytic aerobic oxidation of 1,2,4-benzenetriol to dibenzenetriol and diquino ...
... Five genotypes of Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) willow: ‘Beagle’ ((S. viminalis ‘L810203’ x viminalis ‘L81102’) x ‘Astrid’ x male parent unknown), ‘Olof’ (S. viminalis ‘Bowles Hybrid’) x ((S. schwerinii ‘L79069’) x ((S. viminalis ‘L78195’ x viminalis ‘L78101’) ‘Orm’) ‘Bjorn’). ‘Ashton Stott’ (S.viminalis ‘Bowles Hybrid’) x S.dasyclados ‘Korso’, ‘Tora’ (S. schwerinii ‘L79069’) x ((S. viminalis ‘L781 ...
... Phytomining of noble metals (NMs) offers a promising possibility of metal extraction at sites where traditional mining activities or recovering NMs from low-grade minerals are not competitive. In addition to conventional mining, producing NMs from secondary resources strengthening the circular economy has been paid worldwide attention. The review presented in this paper links three scientific area ...
... Invasive species are an environmental problem affecting worldwide ecosystems. In the case of Acacia dealbata Link., the negative impacts affect the productivity of the forests due to the competition established with native species while contributing to a significant increment in the available fuel load, increasing the risk of fire. In Portugal, chemical and mechanical methods are mostly used in th ...
aboveground biomass; belowground biomass; biomass production, etc ; ecological function; ecosystems; equations; fungi; global change; grasslands; intraspecific variation; leaf dry matter content; nitrogen; pathogens; species richness; specific leaf area; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plant functional traits can provide a mechanistic understanding of community responses to global change and of community effects on ecosystem functions. Nitrogen enrichment typically shifts trait composition by promoting the dominance of acquisitive plants (high specific leaf area [SLA] and low leaf dry matter content [LDMC]), translating into high biomass production. Changes in mean trait values ...
biomass, etc ; biosorbents; biosorption; platinum; wastes; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The increasing demand of rare earth elements and platinum group metals requires alternative approaches for their recycling from waste. Decades of fundamental laboratory research on biosorption area have emphasised that bio-based materials (biosorbents) display high and versatile potential of metal preconcentration. However, the transposition of this potential into successful practical strategies f ...
... Utilizing waste lipids to produce renewable diesel has received widespread attention, but the traditional preparation process is limited by rigorous reaction conditions or complex catalytic systems. This study reports a simple acid addition method to improve the conversion of higher fatty acids and/or higher fatty acid esters into long-chain alkanes under mild hydrothermal conditions over commerci ...
... The use of dFADs by tuna purse-seine fisheries is widespread across oceans, and the echo-sounder buoys attached to these dFADs provide fishermen with estimates of tuna biomass aggregated to them. This information has potential for gaining insight into tuna behaviour and abundance, but has traditionally been difficult to process and use. The current study combines FAD logbook data, oceanographic da ...
biomass, etc ; bioenergy; combustion; compliance; energy; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The efficient biomass energy use is a key prerequisite for the implementation of renewable energy development strategies on a regional level. For the highly efficient energy use in the combustion process, it is necessary to properly regulate the process based on its precise description. The paper aim is to evaluate whether dynamic time warping (DTW) methods can be used for this description, as wel ...