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breedinglines, etc ; Litopenaeus vannamei; biosecurity; energy; financial economics; industry; labor; nutrition knowledge; shrimp; shrimp culture; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Intensification of the shrimp sector, also referred to as vertical expansion, has been predominately driven by consecutive incidences of global disease outbreaks, which have caused enormous economic loss for the main producer countries. A growing segment of the shrimp farming industry has opted to use production systems with higher density, biosecurity, and operating control to mitigate the risks ...
... This work presents the biochemical, cytochemical and molecular studies on two groups of PR proteins, β-1,3-glucanases and chitinases, and the arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) during the early stages of androgenesis induction in two breeding lines of rye (Secale cereale L.) with different androgenic potential. The process of androgenesis was initiated by tillers pre-treatments with low temperature, m ...
... Plants typically respond to waterlogging by producing new adventitious roots with aerenchyma and many wetland plants form a root barrier to radial O₂ loss (ROL), but it was not known if this was also the case for lateral roots. We tested the hypothesis that lateral roots arising from adventitious roots can form a ROL barrier, using root‐sleeving electrodes and O₂ microsensors to assess ROL of Zea ...
breedinglines, etc ; DNA; biotechnology; climate change; crops; genetic markers; genomics; introgression; plant breeding; trees; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... A diverse set of molecular markers techniques have been developed over the last almost 40 years and used with success for breeding a number of major crops. These have been narrowed down to a few preferred DNA based marker types, and emphasis is now on adapting the technologies to a wide range of crop plants and trees. In this Special Issue, the strength of molecular breeding is revealed through re ...
... Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) causes significant losses in wheat yield and quality worldwide. Previously, we cloned a PHS resistance gene, TaPHS1, and identified two causal mutations for reduced seed dormancy (SD) and increased PHS susceptibility. Here we identified a novel allelic variation of C to T transition in 3′-UTR of TaPHS1, which associated with reduced SD and PHS resistance. The T allele o ...
... —The content of crude protein in leaves and seeds of vegetable soybean, an important legume crop used in a functional and healthy nutrition, has been evaluated by a spectrophotometric analysis. Breeding forms of soybean were grown on an experimental field and in a greenhouse of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (Moscow oblast). In this 3-year work, the crude protein accumulation in seeds of ...
breedinglines, etc ; alleles; amylose; crops; gene editing; synthesis; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Waxy (Wx) gene that governs amylose synthesis is an old but widely used target in improving the quality of starchy crops. New genome-editing strategies are being deployed to create beneficial Wx alleles with finely tuned amylose content (AC). Precise targeting must be combined with traditional approaches to develop healthier and high-quality breeding lines. ...
... Daylily rust—caused by Puccinia hemerocallidis—was confined to Eastern Asia until the disease was reported in Oceania, Africa, the Americas and Portugal in the 21st century. Although information on rust resistance of American cultivars is available, little is known about the resistance of European bred cultivars, threating the ornamental sector if the fungus spreads to other European countries. Ai ...
... Enzymatic browning is a major postharvest quality defect of romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). This study provides the first analysis of the relationship between the browning of leaf ribs and stems across twelve lettuce genotypes (ten cultivars, a breeding line, and a plant introduction). While all samples showed a progressive increase in browning index (BI) and decline in lightness (L*) and hue ...
breedinglines, etc ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; carotenoids; cost effectiveness; least squares; peas; phytic acid; plant breeding; protein content; seeds; starch; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seed samples from 117 genetically diverse pea breeding lines were used to determine the robustness of Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR) for the rapid nutritional profiling of seeds. The FT-MIR results were compared to wet chemistry methods for assessing the concentrations of total protein, starch, fiber, phytic acid, and carotenoids in pea seed samples. Of the five partial least ...
... Avenanthramides (AVNs), a group of phytochemicals which are unique to oats, provide health benefits through antioxidant activity and other bioactivities. In this study, we explored genotype-by-environment interactions and heritability for AVN concentrations in oats. Avenanthramide concentrations were quantified for 100 breeding lines and cultivars at three locations over two years. While year and ...
breedinglines, etc ; acids; aldehydes; astringency; cultivars; formates; fruits; monoterpenoids; plant breeding; sesquiterpenoids; sugars; table grapes; taste; total soluble solids; volatile compounds; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The full flavor of grape berries is determined by the interaction of sugars, acids, volatile compounds, and other berry properties, such as astringency. Sugars and acids are important for berry taste, whereas volatile compounds are important for the unique berry flavors, e.g., monoterpenes for the Muscat varieties. RESULTS: We explored the basis for ‘fruity’ flavor perception in table ...
breedinglines, etc ; Abelmoschus; agronomic traits; environmental factors; farms; genes; genotype; highlands; okra; parents; phenotypic correlation; principal component analysis; regression analysis; Nigeria; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The type of production environment can affect agronomic performance of West African okra [Abelmoschus caillei (A.Chev) Stevels] breeding lines and their progenies. The study was conducted to (1) compare agronomic performance of West African okra lines and F₂ populations under upland and bottomland environments, (2) identify sources of genes with potential to improve pod yield, (3) estimate genetic ...
breedinglines, etc ; Triticum aestivum; chromosome mapping; cultivars; genetic markers; genome-wide association study; genotype; genotype-phenotype correlation; genotyping by sequencing; hardness; milling quality; phenotype; quantitative trait loci; seed texture; single nucleotide polymorphism; soft white wheat; winter wheat; Pacific States; Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... KEY MESSAGE: The novel super-soft kernel phenotype has the potential to improve wheat processing and flour quality. We identified genomic regions associated with this kernel texture in white winter wheat. Grain hardness is a key determinant of wheat milling and baking quality. The recently discovered ‘super-soft’ kernel phenotype has the potential to improve wheat processing and flour quality. How ...
... Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is a crossing-pollinated nut tree with male and female flowering separated and matured at different time. This dichogamy pattern requires appropriate pollen storage strategy making hybridization successful in the pecan breeding program. In this study, we used pecan cultivar ‘Pawnee’ pollen to optimize germination medium composition on basis of four published formulas. C ...
... Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a species belonging to the Apiaceae family, well known for its nutritional and pharmacological properties. Despite the economic and agricultural relevance, its genomic and transcriptomic data remain poor. Microsatellites—also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs)—are codominant markers widely used to perform cross-amplification tests starting from markers developed ...
breedinglines, etc ; Raphanus sativus; alleles; females; haplotypes; loci; new combination; phylogeny; radishes; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... To develop an efficient and reliable haplotype identification system of the S locus controlling self-incompatibility (SI) in radish (Raphanus sativus L.), polymorphic sequences of the SLL2 and SP6 genes, which were located at each border of the S core regions, were used together with those of the SRK gene, the female determinant of SI. Partial sequences of the SP6 and SRK genes were isolated from ...
breedinglines, etc ; breeding; drought tolerance; falling number; gluten; grain quality; winter wheat; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The results from the assessed adaptability of 14 soft winter wheat varieties of domestic breeding and 29 breeding lines from the Lukyanenko Scientific Center of Agriculture are provided. The stress-resistant varieties with the maximum range of adaptive abilities—Spartak, Marafon, Esaul, Zhemchyuzhina Povolzhya, and L. 351-04 ya0-19-7 line—are marked. The following varieties were characterized by t ...
breedinglines, etc ; Orobanche crenata; Pisum sativum; agronomy; commercialization; crossing; cultivars; field experimentation; incidence; landraces; paper; parasitic plants; peas; yields; Mediterranean region; Middle East; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pea (Pisum sativum) is an important grain legume worldwide whose cultivation is severely constrained by the root parasitic weed crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata), which is widespread in the Mediterranean Basin and Middle East. No resistance is available in commercialized cultivars but some levels of incomplete resistance has been reported in pea landraces and Pisum spp. relatives. In this pape ...
breedinglines, etc ; Fusarium head blight; agronomy; environmental factors; flowering time; genomics; humidity; marker-assisted selection; models; phenology; prediction; regression analysis; seasons; temperature; wheat; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Environmental factors like temperature and humidity are presumed to greatly influence Fusarium head blight FHB infections in wheat. Anther retention AR, on the other hand, is a morphologically neutral trait that shares a common genetic basis with FHB resistance. In this study, our aims were to: (i) Evaluate two types of corrections of FHB severity scores, namely method-1 via linear regression on f ...