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1. A comprehensive review on chemical properties and applications of biopolymers and their composites

Author:
George, Ashish; Sanjay, M.R.; Srisuk, Rapeeporn; Parameswaranpillai, Jyotishkumar; Siengchin, Suchart
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2020 v.154 pp. 329-338
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; biopolymers; petroleum; physicochemical properties;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... In a world that canopies numerous opportunities to advance towards a green sustainable life, biopolymer development offers a platform that fits into the paradigm of achieving an eco-friendly environment whilst reducing reliance on the scarce fossil fuel elements for the fabrication of day-to-day products. Today's technological improvements have aided biopolymer end-products to escalate to higher p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.120

2. New Species of the Genus Oronoqua Fennah (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea: Issidae) from Inland Ecuador

Author:
Gnezdilov, Vladimir M.; Bartlett, Charles R.
Source:
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 2020 v.122 no.1 pp. 63-80
ISSN:
0013-8797
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; Issidae; new species; Ecuador;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two new species in the genus OronoquaFennah, 1947 (O. orellana sp. n. and O. feria sp. n.) are described from canopy fogging samples from Orellana Province of Ecuador. This is first record of the genus from Ecuador. A key to species of Oronoqua is provided. ...
DOI:
10.4289/0013-8797.122.1.63

3. Straight-line orientation in the woodland-living beetle Sisyphus fasciculatus

Author:
Khaldy, Lana; Tocco, Claudia; Byrne, Marcus; Baird, Emily; Dacke, Marie
Source:
Journal of comparative physiology 2020 v.206 no.3 pp. 327-335
ISSN:
0340-7594
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; Scarabaeus; dung beetles; feces; habitats; woodlands;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... To transport their balls of dung along a constant bearing, diurnal savannah-living dung beetles rely primarily on the sun for compass information. However, in more cluttered environments, such as woodlands, this solitary compass cue is frequently hidden from view by surrounding vegetation. In these types of habitats, insects can, instead, rely on surrounding landmarks, the canopy pattern, or wide- ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00359-019-01331-7
PubMed:
30955076
PubMed Central:
PMC7192865

4. Dispersion in an array of buildings in stable and convective atmospheric conditions

Author:
Marucci, Davide; Carpentieri, Matteo
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2020 v.222 pp. 117100
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; buildings; ionization; mathematical models; wind tunnels;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to study the impact of atmospheric stratification on flow and dispersion within and over a regular array of rectangular buildings. Three stable and two convective incoming boundary layers were tested with a Richardson number ranging from −1.5 to 0.29. Dispersion measurements were carried using a fast response flame ionisation detector. The results show that t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117100

5. Turbulent Schmidt Number Measurements Over Three-Dimensional Cubic Arrays

Author:
Di Bernardino, Annalisa; Monti, Paolo; Leuzzi, Giovanni; Querzoli, Giorgio
Source:
Boundary-layer meteorology 2020 v.174 no.2 pp. 231-250
ISSN:
0006-8314
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; diffusivity; fluid mechanics; models; momentum; pollutants;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We present turbulent Schmidt number ([Formula: see text]) estimations above three-dimensional urban canopies, where [Formula: see text] is a property of the flow defined as the ratio of the eddy diffusivity of momentum ([Formula: see text]) to the eddy diffusivity of mass ([Formula: see text]). Despite the fact that [Formula: see text] modelling is of great interest, inter alia, for pollutant disp ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10546-019-00482-z

6. Incorporating LiDAR metrics into a structure-based habitat model for a canopy-dwelling species

Author:
Hagar, Joan C.; Yost, Andrew; Haggerty, Patricia K.
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2020 v.236 pp. 111499
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
canopy; canopy height,   etc   ; Strix occidentalis; computer software; forests; lidar; models; nesting sites; remote sensing; wildlife habitats;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The development of metrics derived from LiDAR to quantify structural attributes of forests has contributed to substantial advances in wildlife-habitat modeling. However, further exploration of the numerous metrics available for quantifying canopy complexity could improve models of forest wildlife habitat while simultaneously increasing understanding of wildlife-habitat relationships. We used the f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2019.111499

7. Sugar cane Canopy Spraying: A Perspective Solution with Ergonomics and Mechatronics Approach

Author:
Singh, S. P.; Kumar, Adarsh; Kushwaha, H. L.
Source:
Sugar tech 2020 v.22 no.2 pp. 203-207
ISSN:
0972-1525
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; disease control; ergonomics; insect infestations; mechatronics; sprayers; spraying; sugarcane;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chemicals application is very significant for control of disease and insect infestation in sugar cane crop. The problem observed with existing practice is inefficient spraying due to inconvenience of operation as workers are prone to injuries and working above shoulder height results in postural stresses as sugar cane being a tall crop. To overcome these issues, a novel approach to develop canopy ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12355-019-00766-1

8. A study of the canopy effect on fire regime transition using an objectively defined Byram convective number

Author:
Zhang, Kai; Verma, Salman; Trouvé, Arnaud; Lamorlette, Aymeric
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 v.112 pp. 102950
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; fire regime; forest fires; heat transfer; vegetation; wind speed;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Forest fires can be classified into two regimes, depending on Byram convective number NC: a plume-dominated and wind-driven regime. This classification is often based on two-dimensional (2D) studies without considering flame front structures, and is associated with the change of governing heat transfer mechanism. Studies based on three-dimensional (3D) considerations suggest the dependency of the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.102950

9. Dynamic non‐photochemical quenching in plants: from molecular mechanism to productivity

Author:
Murchie, Erik H.; Ruban, Alexander V.
Source:
Theplant journal 2020 v.101 no.4 pp. 885-896
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; biomass; chloroplasts; crops; leaves; photoinhibition; radiation resistance;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Photoprotection refers to a set of well defined plant processes that help to prevent the deleterious effects of high and excess light on plant cells, especially within the chloroplast. Molecular components of chloroplast photoprotection are closely aligned with those of photosynthesis and together they influence productivity. Proof of principle now exists that major photoprotective processes such ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.14601

10. Turbulent Heat and Momentum Exchange in Nocturnal Drainage Flow Through a Sloped Vineyard

Author:
Everard, Kelsey A.; Oldroyd, Holly J.; Christen, Andreas
Source:
Boundary-layer meteorology 2020 v.175 no.1 pp. 1-23
ISSN:
0006-8314
Subject:
canopy; canopy height,   etc   ; drainage; heat; momentum; sensible heat flux; temperature inversion; training (plants); turbulent flow; vineyards; British Columbia;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... High-frequency measurements are available at five heights within and above a row-gap trellised vineyard located on a 7[Formula: see text] slope in the Southern Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada. During a 3-week campaign in July 2016, approximately 17% of the nocturnal conditions exhibit drainage flow along the local slope. Drainage conditions are characterized by temperature inversions beg ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10546-019-00491-y

11. Using aerial canopy data from UAVs to measure the effects of neighbourhood competition on individual tree growth

Author:
Vanderwel, Mark C.; Lopez, Eva L.; Sprott, Adam H.; Khayyatkhoshnevis, Pedram; Shovon, Tanvir Ahmed
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2020 v.461 pp. 117949
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
canopy; canopy height,   etc   ; Picea glauca; Pinus contorta var. latifolia; data collection; forest ecology; models; prediction; remote sensing; soil water; tree growth; trees; unmanned aerial vehicles;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have opened new opportunities for measuring 3D canopy structure from aerial imagery. Image data collected with a UAV can be processed to generate detailed information on local canopy structure around an individual tree, which may be a useful proxy for the amount of competition that tree experiences from its neighbours. Structural indices of competition traditionally ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2020.117949

12. Vertical light transmission profiles in structured mixed deciduous forest canopies assessed by UAV-based hemispherical photography and photogrammetric vegetation height models

Author:
Brüllhardt, Martin; Rotach, Peter; Schleppi, Patrick; Bugmann, Harald
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2020 v.281 pp. 107843
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
canopy gaps; forest canopy,   etc   ; aerial photography; algorithms; branches; deciduous forests; habitats; leaf area index; light transmission; models; photogrammetry; photographs; photoperiod; prototypes; ropes; solar radiation; unmanned aerial vehicles;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Light availability below and within forest canopies governs many biological processes. Its estimation, however, is often time consuming, especially in complex canopy structures where vertical profiles of light transmission need to be known to estimate plant performance, habitat suitability or biophysical properties across the canopy. To overcome the technical limitations of assessing vertical cano ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107843

13. Modelling canopy gap probability, foliage projective cover and crown projective cover from airborne lidar metrics in Australian forests and woodlands

Author:
Fisher, Adrian; Armston, John; Goodwin, Nicholas; Scarth, Peter
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2020 v.237 pp. 111520
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
canopy gaps; canopy height,   etc   ; confidence interval; environmental monitoring; forestry; forests; leaves; lidar; models; natural resource management; regression analysis; remote sensing; surveys; uncertainty; woodlands; Australia;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tree canopy density metrics (TCDM) derived from airborne lidar data are used in a range of crucial environmental monitoring, forestry and natural resource management applications. The derivation of spatially and temporally consistent TCDM, however, typically requires field calibration to account for differences in instrument/survey parameters. Lidar surveys with no coincident field measurements co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2019.111520

14. Structure metrics to generalize biomass estimation from lidar across forest types from different continents

Author:
Knapp, Nikolai; Fischer, Rico; Cazcarra-Bes, Victor; Huth, Andreas
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2020 v.237 pp. 111597
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
canopy; canopy height,   etc   ; aboveground biomass; forest inventory; forest types; lidar; models; monitoring; prediction; regression analysis; remote sensing; stand density; tropical forests; wood density; Africa; Europe; South America;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Forest aboveground biomass is a key variable in remote sensing based forest monitoring. Active sensor systems, such as lidar, can generate detailed canopy height products. Relationships between canopy height and biomass are commonly established via regression analysis using information from ground-truth plots. In this way, many site-specific height-biomass relationships have been proposed in the l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2019.111597

15. A regime shift in intertidal assemblages triggered by loss of algal canopies: A multidecadal survey

Author:
Álvarez-Losada, Óscar; Arrontes, Julio; Martínez, Brezo; Fernández, Consolación; Viejo, Rosa M.
Source:
Marine environmental research 2020 v.160 pp. 104981
ISSN:
0141-1136
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; Fucus serratus; climate change; coasts; dieback; food webs; littoral zone; macroalgae; surveys; Spain;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Canopy-forming macroalgae recently experienced a worldwide decline. This is relevant, because canopies sustain complex food webs in temperate coasts. We assessed the die-back of the canopy-forming alga Fucus serratus in N Spain, at its warm distributional range boundary, and its effects on associated assemblages. We combined long-term descriptive surveys with canopy-removal experiments. Results sh ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104981

16. Influence of polarized reflection on airborne remote sensing of canopy foliar nitrogen content

Author:
Liu, Siyuan; Yang, Bin; Zhang, Zihan; Xiang, Yun; Wu, Taixia; Zhao, Yunsheng; Zhang, Feizhou
Source:
International journal of remote sensing 2020 v.41 no.13 pp. 4879-4900
ISSN:
1366-5901
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; databases; leaf nitrogen content; least squares; leaves; mixed forests; models; nitrogen content; reflectance; remote sensing;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Radiation detected by sensors can reveal information regarding canopy structure and leaf surface properties. It has been shown that the scattering coefficient (Wλ), a ‘pure’ spectrum obtained after correction for the effect of canopy structure on the bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF), can provide information about biochemical composition; e.g. nitrogen content, more objectively. However, spec ...
DOI:
10.1080/01431161.2020.1718242

17. Factors controlling the vertical zonation of the intertidal seagrass, Zostera japonica in its native range in the northwestern Pacific

Author:
Kim, Seung Hyeon; Kim, Jae Woo; Kim, Young Kyun; Park, Sang Rul; Lee, Kun-Seop
Source:
Marine environmental research 2020 v.157 pp. 104959
ISSN:
0141-1136
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; Zostera marina; air; biomass; chlorophyll; drought tolerance; leaves; littoral zone; photons; photosynthesis; seagrasses; sediments; shoots;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The desiccation tolerance of the intertidal seagrass Zostera japonica has been demonstrated in a number of studies; however, the factors limiting expansion of intertidal seagrass species into subtidal zones remain controversial. We transplanted Z. japonica shoots from the intermediate intertidal zone into the plots with and without Z. marina shoots in both the lower intertidal and shallow subtidal ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104959

18. Estimation of half-hourly diffuse solar radiation over a mixed plantation in north China

Author:
Liu, Peirong; Tong, Xiaojuan; Zhang, Jinsong; Meng, Ping; Li, Jun; Zhang, Jingru
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.149 pp. 1360-1369
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; carbon; diffuse solar radiation; forest ecosystems; models; relative humidity; renewable energy sources; China;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Diffuse solar radiation plays important role in carbon exchange between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere. Based on a 2-year (2016–2017) dataset of global and diffuse solar radiation, the annual mean diffuse fraction (the proportion of diffuse solar radiation to global solar radiation, DF) was approximately 0.45 over the plantation canopy. A proposed model (BRL-1), including six predictors (hal ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.136

19. New dynamic two-layer model for predicting depth-averaged velocity in open channel flows with rigid submerged canopies of different densities

Author:
Yang, Fan; Huai, Wen-Xin; Zeng, Yu-Hong
Source:
Advances in water resources 2020 v.138 pp. 103553
ISSN:
0309-1708
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; dynamic models; engineering; equations; hydraulic resistance; momentum; prediction; rivers; submergence;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The depth-averaged velocity is the commonly used engineering quantity in natural rivers, and it needs to be predicted in advance, especially in flood seasons. A model that can provide a unified physical foundation for open channel flows with different canopy densities remains lacking despite ongoing researches. Here, we use the concept of the auxiliary bed to describe the influence of momentum exc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103553

20. Fruit development of Lithocarpus (Fagaceae) and the role of heterochrony in their evolution

Author:
Chen, Xi; Kohyama, Takashi S.; Cannon, Charles H.
Source:
Journal of plant research 2020 v.133 no.2 pp. 217-229
ISSN:
0918-9440
Subject:
canopy,   etc   ; Lithocarpus; Quercus; acorns; endocarp; exocarp; fruit set; insects; mesocarp; predators; seeds; tissues; trees; tropical forests;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Stone oaks, or Lithocarpus species of Fagaceae are ecologically important canopy trees in the tropical and subtropical forests over East Asia, and the fruits of which are important food sources for insects and vertebrates there. The great fruit morphological variation of this genus represents two fruit types, acorn and enclosed receptacle fruit types. However, the evolutionary mechanisms of differ ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10265-020-01168-1