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1. Healthy eating recommendations: good for reducing dietary contribution to the body’s advanced glycation/lipoxidation end products pool?

Author:
del Castillo, María Dolores; Iriondo-DeHond, Amaia; Iriondo-DeHond, Maite; Gonzalez, Ileana; Medrano, Alejandra; Filip, Rosana; Uribarri, Jaime
Source:
Nutrition research reviews 2021 v.34 no.1 pp. 48-63
ISSN:
1475-2700
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Maillard reaction; glycation; healthy diet; nutrition research; sugars;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The present review aims to give dietary recommendations to reduce the occurrence of the Maillard reaction in foods and in vivo to reduce the body’s advanced glycation/lipoxidation end products (AGE/ALE) pool. A healthy diet, food reformulation and good culinary practices may be feasible for achieving the goal. A varied diet rich in fresh vegetables and fruits, non-added sugar beverages containing ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0954422420000141

2. Study of duplicated galU genes in Rhodococcus jostii and a putative new metabolic node for glucosamine-1P in rhodococci

Author:
Cereijo, A.E.; Kuhn, M.L.; Hernández, M.A.; Ballicora, M.A.; Iglesias, A.A.; Alvarez, H.M.; Asencion Diez, M.D.
Source:
Biochimica et biophysica acta 2021 v.1865 no.1 pp. 129727
ISSN:
0304-4165
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; ; Rhodococcus jostii; catalytic activity; enzymes; genes;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Studying enzymes that determine glucose-1P fate in carbohydrate metabolism is important to better understand microorganisms as biotechnological tools. One example ripe for discovery is the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase enzyme from Rhodococcus spp. In the R. jostii genome, this gene is duplicated, whereas R. fascians contains only one copy.We report the molecular cloning of galU genes from R. josti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129727

3. Functional differentiation related to decomposing complex carbohydrates of intestinal microbes between two wild zokor species based on 16SrRNA sequences

Author:
Zou, Yao; Liang, Nannan; Zhang, Xuxin; Han, Chongxuan; Nan, Xiaoning
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2021 v.17 no.1 pp. 216
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Ruminococcus; bacteria; cellulose; energy expenditure; fermentation; intestines; metagenomics; rodents; species diversity; veterinary medicine;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The intestinal microbes in mammals play a key role in host metabolism and adaptation. As a subterranean rodent, zokor digs tunnels for foraging and mating. These digging activities of zokors increase the energy expenditure relative to their aboveground counterparts. However, relatively little is known regarding intestinal microbes of zokor and how they make full use of limited food res ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-021-02911-z

4. Reduced expression of a subunit gene of sucrose non-fermenting 1 related kinase, PpSnRK1βγ, confers flat fruit abortion in peach by regulating sugar and starch metabolism

Author:
Guo, Jian; Cao, Ke; Yao, Jia-Long; Deng, Cecilia; Li, Yong; Zhu, Gengrui; Fang, Weichao; Chen, Changwen; Wang, Xinwei; Wu, Jinlong; Guo, Wenwu; Wang, Lirong
Source:
BMC plant biology 2021 v.21 no.1 pp. 88
ISSN:
1471-2229
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; abortion (plants); fruit morphology; fruiting; fruits; genes; peaches; starch; sucrose; tomatoes; transcriptomics; trees;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Fruit abortion is a major limiting factor for fruit production. In flat peach, fruit abortion is present in the whole tree of some accessions during early fruit development. However, the physiological factors and genetic mechanism underlying flat fruit abortion remain largely elusive. RESULTS: In this study, we have revealed that the fertilization process was accomplished and the reduc ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12870-021-02850-9

5. Microbial community profiles in soils adjacent to mining and smelting areas: Contrasting potentially toxic metals and co-occurrence patterns

Author:
Liu, Bang; Yao, Jun; Ma, Bo; Chen, Zhihui; Zhao, Chenchen; Zhu, Xiaozhe; Li, Miaomiao; Cao, Ying; Pang, Wancheng; Li, Hao; Feng, Lingyun; Mihucz, Victor G.; Duran, Robert
Source:
Chemosphere 2021 v.282 pp. 130992
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Actinobacteria; amino acid metabolism; community structure; energy metabolism; genes; microbial communities; toxicity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mining and smelting activities have introduced severe potentially toxic metals (PTMs) contamination into surrounding soil settings. Influences of PTMs on microbial diversity have been widely studied. However, variations of microbial communities, network structures and community functions in different levels of PTMs contaminated soils adjacent to mining and smelting aera are still poorly investigat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130992

6. Anaerobic biodegradation of levofloxacin by enriched microbial consortia: Effect of electron acceptors and carbon source

Author:
Shu, Wenhui; Zhang, Yan; Wen, Donghui; Wu, Qinyue; Liu, He; Cui, Min-hua; Fu, Bo; Zhang, Jie; Yao, Ye
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.414 pp. 125520
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Lactobacillus; biodegradation; carbon; decarboxylation; demethylation; genes; glucose; hydroxylation; levofloxacin; nitrates; piperazine; sulfates; xenobiotics;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... For improving the understanding of anaerobic degradation mechanism of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs), the degradation of a representative FQs, levofloxacin (LEV), by six enriched anaerobic consortia were explored in this study. The effect of sulfate and nitrate as the electron acceptor and glucose as the carbon source on LEV anaerobic degradation were investigated. Addition of glucose and nitra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125520

7. Strain-specific interaction of Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis with yeasts in the sourdough fermentation

Author:
Rogalski, Esther; Ehrmann, Matthias A.; Vogel, Rudi F.
Source:
European food research & technology 2021 v.247 no.6 pp. 1437-1447
ISSN:
1438-2377
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Kazachstania; bacteria; fermentation; fermenters; food research; fructose; glucose; maltose; oxygen; rye; sourdough; yeasts;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fructilactobacillus (F.) sanfranciscensis is a key bacterium in traditional (type 1) sourdough fermentations. It typically occurs in combination with the sourdough yeast Kazachstania (K.) humilis or the generalist Saccharomyces (S.) cerevisiae. Previous studies revealed intra-species diversity in competitiveness or dominance in sourdoughs of F. sanfranciscensis, as well as preferences for a life w ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00217-021-03722-0

8. A Machine Learning Approach to Study Glycosidase Activities from Bifidobacterium

Author:
Sabater, Carlos; Ruiz, Lorena; Margolles, Abelardo
Source:
Microorganisms 2021 v.9 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2607
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; ; adults; artificial intelligence; breast milk; fructooligosaccharides; galactooligosaccharides; genome; glycosidases; humans; metagenomics; prebiotics;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aimed to recover metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from human fecal samples to characterize the glycosidase profiles of Bifidobacterium species exposed to different prebiotic oligosaccharides (galacto-oligosaccharides, fructo-oligosaccharides and human milk oligosaccharides, HMOs) as well as high-fiber diets. A total of 1806 MAGs were recovered from 487 infant and adult metagenomes. U ...
DOI:
10.3390/microorganisms9051034

9. Progress of non-coding RNAs in triple-negative breast cancer

Author:
Liu, Jie; Zhao, Gang; Liu, Xin-Li; Zhang, Ge; Zhao, Shi-Qi; Zhang, Shi-Long; Luo, Li-Heng; Yin, Da-Chuan; Zhang, Chen-Yan
Source:
Life sciences 2021 v.272 pp. 119238
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; autophagy; breast neoplasms; cell cycle; chromatin; metastasis; microRNA; mortality; oncogenes; prognosis; signal transduction;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) include miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA. NcRNAs are involved in multiple biological processes, including chromatin remodeling, signal transduction, post-transcriptional modification, cell autophagy, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell cycle regulation. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is notorious for high invasiveness and metastasis, poor prognosis, and high mortality, and i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119238

10. The macronuclear genome of anaerobic ciliate Entodinium caudatum reveals its biological features adapted to the distinct rumen environment

Author:
Park, Tansol; Wijeratne, Saranga; Meulia, Tea; Firkins, Jeffrey L.; Yu, Zhongtang
Source:
Genomics 2021 v.113 no.3 pp. 1416-1427
ISSN:
0888-7543
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Entodinium caudatum; axenic culture; ecology; genome; genomics; horizontal gene transfer; microbiome; proteinases; proteome;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Entodinium caudatum is an anaerobic binucleated ciliate representing the most dominant protozoal species in the rumen. However, its biological features are largely unknown due to the inability to establish an axenic culture. In this study, we primally sequenced its macronucleus (MAC) genome to aid the understanding of its metabolism, physiology, ecology. We isolated the MAC of E. caudatum strain M ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.03.014

11. Polyphenols Rich Diets and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Author:
Da Porto, Andrea; Cavarape, Alessandro; Colussi, GianLuca; Casarsa, Viviana; Catena, Cristiana; Sechi, Leonardo A.
Source:
Nutrients 2021 v.13 no.5
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; antioxidants; glucose; humans; hypertension; insulin resistance; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; pathogenesis; phytochemicals; polyphenols;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Type 2 diabetes is an increasing health concern worldwide. Both genetic and environmental risk factors as improper dietary habits or physical inactivity are known to be crucial in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Polyphenols are a group of plant-derived compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that are associated with a low prevalence of metabolic conditions characterized by ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu13051445

12. Microbial succession and degradation during kitchen waste biodrying, highlighting the thermophilic phase

Author:
Cao, Meng-Ke; Guo, Han-Tong; Zheng, Guo-Di; Chen, Tong-Bin; Cai, Lu
Source:
Bioresource technology 2021 v.326 pp. 124762
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; ; amino acid metabolism; biomarkers; cellulose; fungi; hemicellulose; kitchen waste; lignin; technology; water content;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biodrying in conjunction with compound stone amendment was used to treat kitchen waste, which improved biodrying. After 16 days, the pile moisture content decreased from 68.8% to 23.0%. Lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose concentrations decreased from 104.6 mg g⁻¹ d.b., 322.9 mg g⁻¹ d.b. and 155.9 mg g⁻¹ d.b., respectively, to 74.0 mg g⁻¹ d.b., 224.8 mg g⁻¹ d.b. and 134.5 mg g⁻¹ d.b., respectively ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124762

13. Thermomagnesium: A By-Product of Ni Ore Mining as a Clean Fertilizer Source for Maize

Author:
Bossolani, João William; Moretti, Luiz Gustavo; Portugal, José Roberto; Rossi, Ricardo; Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa
Source:
Agronomy 2021 v.11 no.3
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; agronomy; byproducts; clay soils; corn; fertilizers; greenhouses; sandy soils; soil pH; starch; sucrose;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study explores whether Thermomagnesium (TM), a by-product of Ni ore mining, is an efficient fertilizer for maize. The effects of TM on soil pH, the supply of Si and Mg to the soil and plants, carbohydrate metabolism, grain filling, and yield were assessed in two simultaneous experiments performed in greenhouse conditions. Five TM doses were applied to two soil textures—clayey (0, 55, 273, 709 ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy11030525

14. Serendipita indica changes host sugar and defense status in Arabidopsis thaliana: cooperation or exploitation?

Author:
Opitz, Michael W.; Daneshkhah, Roshanak; Lorenz, Cindy; Ludwig, Roland; Steinkellner, Siegrid; Wieczorek, Krzysztof
Source:
Planta 2021 v.253 no.3 pp. 74
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Arabidopsis thaliana; endophytes; fructose; fungi; glucose; growth promotion; hexoses; phosphorus; sucrose;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION: Manipulation of sugar metabolism upon S. indica root colonization triggers changes in sugar pools and defense responses in A. thaliana. Serendipita indica is an endophytic fungus that establishes mutualistic relationships with many different plants including important crops as well as the model plant A. thaliana. Successful root colonization typically results in growth promotion a ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-021-03587-3

15. Characterization and analysis of the transcriptome in Opisina arenosella from different developmental stages using single-molecule real-time transcript sequencing and RNA-seq

Author:
Xu, Danping; Yang, Hongjun; Zhuo, Zhihang; Lu, Baoqian; Hu, Jiameng; Yang, Fan
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2021 v.169 pp. 216-227
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Opisina arenosella; coconuts; gene expression; genome; immunity; pests; sequence analysis; transcription (genetics); transcriptome; transcriptomics;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Opisina arenosella is one of the main pests harming coconut trees. To date, there have been few studies on the molecular genetics, biochemistry and physiology of O. arenosella at the transcriptional level, and there are no available reference genomes. Here, Illumina RNA sequencing combined with PacBio single-molecule real-time analysis was applied to study the transcriptome of this pest at differe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.098

16. Synthesis of selected unnatural sugar nucleotides for biotechnological applications

Author:
Qiao, Meng; Li, Bingzhi; Ji, Yuan; Lin, Lei; Linhardt, Robert; Zhang, Xing
Source:
Critical reviews in biotechnology 2021 v.41 no.1 pp. 47-62
ISSN:
1549-7801
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; biochemical pathways; biosynthesis; biotechnology; glycosyltransferases; monosaccharides; synthesis; uridine diphosphate;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sugar nucleotides are the principal building blocks for the synthesis of most complex carbohydrates and are crucial intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism. Uridine diphosphate (UDP) monosaccharides are among the most common sugar nucleotide donors and are transferred to glycosyl acceptors by glycosyltransferases or synthases in glycan biosynthetic pathways. These natural nucleotide donors have g ...
DOI:
10.1080/07388551.2020.1844623

17. The effect of different dietary ratios of lysine, arginine and methionine on biochemical parameters and hormone secretion in turkeys

Author:
Ognik, Katarzyna; Całyniuk, Zuzanna; Mikulski, Dariusz; Stępniowska, Anna; Konieczka, Paweł; Jankowski, Jan
Source:
Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 2021 v.105 no.1 pp. 108-118
ISSN:
0931-2439
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; animal nutrition; arginine; cholesterol; creatinine; diet; glucose; hormone secretion; lysine; methionine; neurotransmitters; slaughter;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... We postulated that the use of optimal levels and proportions of Lys, Arg and Met in compound feed allows for optimal exploitation of the growth potential of contemporary slaughter turkey hybrids and reduces metabolic disorders. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different proportions of Lys, Arg and Met in diets whose Lys content is in accordance with NRC recommendations, that is ...
DOI:
10.1111/jpn.13433

18. Regulation of heavy metals accumulated by Acorus calamus L. in constructed wetland through different nitrogen forms

Author:
Wang, Jun-Feng; Zhu, Cong-Yun; Weng, Bai-Sha; Mo, Pei-Wen; Xu, Zi-Jie; Tian, Ping; Cui, Bao-Shan; Bai, Jun-Hong
Source:
Chemosphere 2021 v.281 pp. 130773
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Acorus calamus; amino acid metabolism; ammonia; constructed wetlands; denitrification; nitrates; nitrogen; plant growth; rhizosphere; water treatment;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Improving accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) by plants is an important pathway for constructed wetland (CW) to alleviate the environmental risks caused by their release. This study aims to regulate HMs (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd) accumulated by Acorus calamus L. in the sandy substrate CW with different nitrogen forms, including ammonia (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃‾), and NH₄⁺/NO₃‾ (1:1) in synthetic tailwate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130773

19. Difference and interplay of microbial communities, metabolic functions, trophic modes and influence factors between sludge and bulking agent in a composting matrix

Author:
Wang, Ke; Ma, Xiao-chen; Yin, Xiaoqing; Wu, Chuandong; Wang, Zhe; Wu, Yiqi; Zhao, Yan; Tian, Yu
Source:
Bioresource technology 2021 v.336 pp. 125085
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Alcaligenes; Aspergillus; Pseudomonas; Trichosporon; ammonia; carbon metabolism; fungi; lignocellulose; pH; saprophytes; sawdust; sewage sludge; technology; temperature;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... The difference and interplay of microbial communities, metabolic functions and influence factors between sewage sludge and bulking agent were evaluated in 60 days composting. Results showed that fungal communities were mainly affected by pH (42.4%) and ORP (35.9%) of sludge but by VS (41.1%) and temperature (34.7%) of sawdust in a composting system. Bacterial communities were primarily affected by ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125085

20. The feeding status regulates the action of insulin and 20-hydroxyecdysone on haemolymph trehalose level in Bombyx larvae

Author:
Kh., Sanathoibi D.; Keshan, Bela
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.255 pp. 110579
ISSN:
1096-4959
Subject:
carbohydrate metabolism,   etc   ; Bombyx mori; blood glucose; ecdysterone; enzyme activity; food deprivation; gene expression; glycogen; hemolymph; insulin; phosphorylase; trehalase; trehalose;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Insulin in mammals is known for its effect on carbohydrate metabolism and maintenance of blood sugar levels. In the present study, we explored the effect of exogenous insulin and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on carbohydrate metabolism in Bombyx mori under the fed and food-deprived conditions. The study showed that insulin and 20E regulate the trehalose (major circulating sugar) level in B. mori, and l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110579