An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... Biochar aging affects the stability of soil carbon. Analyzing the effect of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC) forms and their relations with microbial community assembly and carbon metabolism with time is helpful for soil carbon sequestration (by adapting the farm management approach). Four treatments with no, low, medium, and high biochar application rates (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 4 % of the total ...
carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration, etc ; energy; thermodynamics; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The rather high energy penalty of CO₂ capture is the critical gap deterring the deployment of Carbon capture and storage technologies. A deeper understanding of the mechanism of CO₂ capture will lay a foundation for reducing energy consumption. Accordingly, this paper introduced a thermodynamic analysis method with a new criterion to reveal the mechanism of energy consumption in a power system int ...
... Rivers play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, but the processes can be affected by widespread microplastic (MP) pollution and the increasing frequency of heat waves (HWs) in a warming climate. However, little is known about the role of river microbes in regulating the carbon cycle under the combined action of MP pollution and HWs. Here, through seven-day MP exposure and three cycles of H ...
carbon; carbon nanofibers, etc ; adsorption; cathodes; surface area; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Enhancing the adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides is critical in improving the cycling stability of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Herein, an ultralight typha-like carbon nanofiber (CNF) based interlayer (MoS₂/Al₂O₃@CNF) is constructed by scalable electrospinning and eco-friendly magnetron sputtering, to act as a “police constable” between the cathode and separator. The co-sputte ...
carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration, etc ; energy; industry; oils; Vietnam; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this paper, opportunities to use carbon capture and storage (CCS) to decarbonize Vietnam's power and industry sectors are investigated. Results indicate that Vietnam's power and industry sectors emit 136 Mtpa and 88 Mtpa CO₂, respectively. The mid-CO₂ storage capacity in nearby sedimentary basins is 186 Gt, enough to store 831 years of CO₂ emission. Of this, 182 Gt (98.2%) comes from saline aqu ...
... Soil carbon (C) storage affects many ecosystem properties and, consequently, is an important measure of reclamation success in sites where soil develops de novo. In this study, we have used the chronosequence of unreclaimed heaped post-mining sites (16–56 years old) after open cast coal mining near Sokolov (Czechia) in order to study C stock on the floor and the topsoil layers (0–5 and 5–10 cm) of ...
carbon; carbon nanotubes, etc ; anodes; electrochemistry; electrolytes; graphene oxide; soot; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Na-titanate is a class of potentially ‘safe’ anode material for Na-ion batteries, with the combination of Na₂Ti₃O₇ and Na₂Ti₆O₁₃, as ‘Bi-phase NTO’, often performing better than the single-phase counterparts. Nevertheless, good coverage and intimate contact of the Na-titanate particles with conducting reinforcements is needed for achieving superior electrochemical performance by suppressing delete ...
carbon; carbon dioxide, etc ; dimethylamine; food chemistry; glyphosate; methylamine; moieties; temperature; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Robusta and Arabica green beans were supplemented with carbon 14-glyphosate labelled on each carbon position alternatively prior to roasting, up to 220 °C for Robusta and 200 °C for Arabica (2, 5 and 10 min). The results of the study point a significant decomposition of glyphosate that happens during roasting, from at least 42 % to > 74 % depending on roasting conditions (time, temperature) and co ...
John S. Bulmer; Arthur W.N. Sloan; Michael Glerum; Jennifer Carpena-Núñez; Robert Waelder; Jefford Humes; Adam M. Boies; Matteo Pasquali; Rahul Rao; Benji Maruyama
... Carbon nanotube (CNT) diameter control is essential for many conductive and structural applications; to date, a general diameter methodology applicable to all floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD) reactors is not yet established. Single-walled CNT (SWCNT) diameter was robustly controlled by systematically exploring an extensive variety of fundamental FC-CVD reactor parameters (631 e ...
carbon; carbon nitride, etc ; catalysts; chemical reduction; electrochemistry; nanomaterials; palladium; polymers; synergism; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... A hybrid catalyst support anchoring a noble metal catalyst could be a promising material for building interfacial bonding between metallic nanostructures and polymer functionalized carbon supports to improve the kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This study successfully prepared a polyhedron nanostructured Pd and MoO₂-embedded polyaniline-functionalized graphitized carbon nitride (PANI-g ...
carbon; carbon fibers, etc ; aerogels; alcohols; delamination; epoxides; polyvinyl alcohol; skeleton; toxicity; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Interlaminar delamination is the most prevalent failure mode for carbon fiber reinforced epoxy (CF/EP) composites, which limits its applications. In this work, the interlaminar fracture toughness of CF/EP composites has been enhanced by the self-interlocked network arisen from Ti₃C₂Tₓ/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aerogel (TPA). The failure mode and toughening mechanism of interlocked TPA/CF/EP laminate ...
carbon; carbon dioxide, etc ; energy; evolution; oils; shale; t-test; North Dakota; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Carbon neutrality, a balance between emitting and removing carbon from the atmosphere, has become a global aspiration that has resulted in significant scientific advancements. The effective long term geological storage of CO₂ as one of the efficient ways to achieve such goal requires a deep understanding of interactions between CO₂ and geologic formations. In this study, a sample from the Bakken F ...
carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon nanotubes, etc ; density functional theory; desorption; electrodes; electrolytes; electrosynthesis; encapsulation; energy; ethanol; hydrogen; liquids; nanoparticles; nickel; vapors; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The electrosynthesis of ethanol by CO₂ reduction is mostly achieved on metallic copper electrocatalysts, but confronts low Faradic efficiency (FE) and selectivity. Herein, we report novel electrocatalysts in which Ni nanoparticles are encapsulated in N-rich carbon nanotubes (Ni@NCNT) by chemical vapor deposition method. The optimized Ni@NCNT-700 exhibits a high ethanol FE of 38.5% at −0.5 V and re ...
carbon dioxide; carbon radioisotopes; soil carbon, etc ; climate; environment; fine roots; forest soils; mineralization; models; soil organic matter; temperate forests; trees; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fine root litter represents an important carbon input to soils, but the effect of global warming on fine root turnover (FRT) is hardly explored in forest ecosystems. Understanding tree fine roots' response to warming is crucial for predicting soil carbon dynamics and the functioning of forests as a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂). We studied fine root production (FRP) with ingrowth cores ...
carbon; carbon nanotubes, etc ; heat; optical isomerism; temperature; thermal conductivity; transmission electron microscopes; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... An individual single-walled carbon nanotube was taking U-turns and joining itself during growth, forming two distinguishable suspended sections across the slits on transmission electron microscope grid: the isolated nanotube and the self-bundled nanotube (three-nanotube bundle of the same chirality). This special formation provides the perfect specimen to study the bundling effect on various prope ...
carbon dioxide; carbon radioisotopes, etc ; altitude; crops; fossil fuels; rural areas; China; India; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Examining the contribution of fossil fuel CO₂ to the total CO₂ changes in the atmosphere is of primary concern due to its alarming levels of fossil fuel emissions over the globe, specifically developing countries. Atmospheric radiocarbon represents an important observational constraint and utilized to trace fossil fuel derived CO₂ (CO₂ff) in the atmosphere. For the first time, we have presented a ...
carbon; carbon nanotubes, etc ; catalysts; dehydrogenation; energy; geometry; nanoparticles; optical isomerism; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The chirality controllable synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by the catalytic transformation of designed large polyaromatic hydrocarbon molecules has made significant progress in recent years, but the underlying mechanism, such as the role of the catalyst, has never been revealed at the atomic level. In this study, the energy profiles of the dehydrogenation processes from the C₆ ...
carbon; carbon dioxide, etc ; climate change; issues and policy; pollution; society; socioeconomic development; China; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... China is the largest developing economy and carbon dioxide emitter in the world, the carbon neutrality goal of which will have a profound influence on the mitigation pathway of global climate change. The transition towards a carbon-neutral society is integrated into the construction of ecological civilization in China, and brings profound implications for China’s socioeconomic development. Here, w ...
carbon; carbon dioxide, etc ; active sites; cobalt oxide; electric field; nanoparticles; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; thermodynamics; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The activity of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction (PCR) remains inadequate due to the thermodynamically stable CO₂ molecules and sluggish carrier kinetics. This work simultaneously adopts active site and heterojunction engineering to collaboratively enhance PCR. A heterojunction of g-C₃N₄ microtube-supported Co₃O₄ nanoparticle has been developed through the hydrothermal pretreatment and calcination pro ...
carbon; carbon dioxide, etc ; adsorbents; adsorption; carbonization; heat; nitrogen content; polyacrylonitrile; porosity; temperature; China; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this report, nitrogen-doped porous carbons were synthesized from polyacrylonitrile fiber by a facile two-step synthesis process i.e. carbonization followed by KOH activation. Activation temperature and KOH/carbon ratio are two parameters to tune the porosity and surface chemical properties of sorbents. The as-obtained sorbents were carefully characterized. Special attention was paid concerning ...