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1. Effect of nickel coating on the stress-dependent electric permittivity, piezoelectricity and piezoresistivity of carbon fiber, with relevance to stress self-sensing

Author:
Xi, Xiang; Chung, D.D.L.
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.145 pp. 401-410
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon fibers,   etc   ; coatings; nickel;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper unprecedentedly reports the effect of metal (nickel) coating on the stress-dependent electric permittivity, piezoelectricity and piezoresistivity of carbon fiber. Both permittivity (2 kHz) and DC conductivity of carbon fiber are increased by nickel coating. For 7-μm diameter carbon fiber, nickel coating (0.25-μm thickness) increases the relative permittivity from 12,200 to 63,200, and d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.01.034

2. Effects of carbon nanotube thermal conductivity on optoacoustic transducer performance

Author:
Li, Jiapu; Lan, Xuekai; Lei, Shuang; Ou-Yang, Jun; Yang, Xiaofei; Zhu, Benpeng
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.145 pp. 112-118
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; thermal conductivity;     Show all 3 Subject
Abstract:
... CNT-PDMS composite is regarded as a promising candidate for optoacoustic transducer application. However, the relationship between the CNT thermal conductivity and optoacoustic transducer performance is still undefined. To explore this relationship, four types of CNTs with different diameters and lengths were employed to successfully fabricate four types of optoacoustic transducers. The thermal pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.01.025

3. On the piezoresistive behavior of carbon fibers - Cantilever-based testing method and Maxwell-Garnett effective medium theory modeling

Author:
Yao, Yanbo; Luo, Jiangjiang; Duan, Xiaoshuang; Liu, Tao; Zhang, Yonggang; Liu, Baihua; Yu, Muhuo
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.141 pp. 283-290
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon fibers,   etc   ; engineering; models;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A good understanding of the piezoresistive behavior of carbon fiber is highly valuable in studying the processing-structure-property relationship of this very important engineering material. Up-to-date, there is still a lack of agreement on the physical origin of the unique modulus-dependent piezoresistivity for carbon fibers. In the present work, an experimental and theoretical modeling combined ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.043

4. Static and fatigue interlaminar shear reinforcement in aligned carbon nanotube-reinforced hierarchical advanced composites

Author:
Ni, Xinchen; Furtado, Carolina; Kalfon-Cohen, Estelle; Zhou, Yue; Valdes, Gabriel A.; Hank, Travis J.; Camanho, Pedro P.; Wardle, Brian L.
Source:
Composites 2019 v.120 pp. 106-115
ISSN:
1359-835X
Subject:
carbon; carbon fibers; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; composite materials; epoxides; models;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... High densities (>10 billion fibers per cm2) of aligned carbon nanotubes (A-CNTs) are used to reinforce the interlaminar resin-rich region of aerospace-grade unidirectional carbon microfiber plies in a hierarchical carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate architecture. Such nano-engineered interfaces have been shown to increase interlaminar fracture toughness and substructural in-plane stren ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.02.023

5. Cutting floating single-walled carbon nanotubes with a ‘CO2 blade’

Author:
Tian, Ying; Wei, Nan; Laiho, Patrik; Ahmad, Saeed; Magnin, Yann; Liao, Yongping; Bichara, Christophe; Jiang, Hua; Kauppinen, Esko I.
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.143 pp. 481-486
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; aerosols; cutting; dry deposition; gases;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Uniform ultra-short (<100 nm) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with properties of rich chemistry, high dispersity and easy manipulation, are of great importance for constructing novel nano-structures and highly integrated miniature devices. Herein, we report a recent breakthrough in cutting long SWCNTs into uniform ultra-short segments in gas-phase using CO2 as a ‘blade.’ SWCNTs synthesized ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.11.035

6. Differences in pH influence the fate of CO2 in plants

Author:
Law, Simon R.
Source:
Physiologia plantarum 2019 v.165 no.3 pp. 445-447
ISSN:
0031-9317
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks,   etc   ; pH; phytomass; soil;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soils represent the largest and most stable carbon pools on Earth, exceeding even the carbon aggregate found in the atmosphere and global phytomass. However, our understanding of how CO₂ travels from the soil to the atmosphere, and the role of plants in this journey, is not fully understood. An article in this issue of Physiologia Plantarum (Shimono et al. 2019) sheds light on this process and une ...
DOI:
10.1111/ppl.12924

7. Microspherical nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube assembly derived from Pickering droplets

Author:
Guan, Ruqun; Jing, Lingyan; Zhang, Xiaoming; Chen, Shuai; Xue, Nan; Yang, Hengquan
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.148 pp. 124-133
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; catalytic activity; droplets;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Carbon nanotube assemblies with controlled morphology and tailored architecture offer great potentials for myriad applications, but strategies for their production have remained a significant challenge. Here, we proposed a novel and simple microconfined-annealing strategy, in which a Pickering microdroplet patterned method and unique pyrolysis-stimulated-transformation processes were coupled unpre ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.03.045

8. A polarization based study of gold nanoparticles entrapped in single-wall carbon nanotube doped nanoscaffold

Author:
Bhattacharyya, Tamoghna
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2019 v.570 pp. 444-448
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
carbon; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; light scattering; nanogold;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The pulses of light scattering which exhibit varying degrees of polarization are heterogeneously sensitive to the degree of polarization of suspended particles. The light scattering information has been used to discriminate gold nanoparticles entrapped in single-wall carbon nanotubes-doped nanoscaffold. The present work reports a polarization study to characterize gold nanoparticles of two differe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.03.043

9. Electromagnetic reflection reduction of carbon composite materials mediated by collaborative mechanisms

Author:
Pang, Yongqiang; Li, Yongfeng; Wang, Jiafu; Yan, Mingbao; Qu, Shaobo; Xia, Song; Xu, Zhuo
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.147 pp. 112-119
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon fibers,   etc   ; acetylene; composite materials; glass;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Reduction of electromagnetic (EM) reflection from carbon composite materials over a broad frequency band was investigated. Besides the absorption as in the conventional carbon materials, the scattering caused by phase cancellation was additionally introduced here, adding a new design freedom to reduce the EM reflection. The used carbon materials are the commercially available acetylene carbon blac ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.03.004

10. Current progress in interfacial engineering of carbon-based perovskite solar cells

Author:
Meng, Fanning; Liu, Anmin; Gao, Liguo; Cao, Junmei; Yan, Yeling; Wang, Ning; Fan, Meiqiang; Wei, Guoying; Ma, Tingli
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry A 2019 v.7 no.15 pp. 8690-8699
ISSN:
2050-7496
Subject:
carbon; carbon electrodes,   etc   ; chemistry; solar cells;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Using carbon paste as the back electrode for perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) has attracted significant attention due to their low cost and excellent stability. In general, the device structure of the fabricated C-PSCs is hole transport layer (HTL) free, and the carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) could directly collect the photo-generated holes. Therefore, interfacial engineering between the perovskite ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ta01364d

11. Correction to: The carbon pump supports high primary production in a shallow lake

Author:
Andersen, Mikkel René; Kragh, Theis; Martinsen, Kenneth Thorø; Kristensen, Emil; Sand-Jensen, Kaj
Source:
Aquatic sciences 2019 v.81 no.2 pp. 28
ISSN:
1015-1621
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide,   etc   ; lakes; oxygen; primary productivity;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the original publication, the subscript number 2 were incorrectly added without the subscript format as ‘CO2’ and ‘O2’ in Figs. 4 and 5 legends. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00027-019-0625-4

12. Piezoelectric and piezoresistive behavior of unmodified carbon fiber

Author:
Xi, Xiang; Chung, D.D.L.
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.145 pp. 452-461
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon fibers,   etc   ; electric field; electrical resistance;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work reports the piezoelectric and piezoresistive behavior of unmodified unpoled continuous 12 K/24 K carbon fiber (polyacrylonitrile-based, tensile modulus 240 GPa, electrical resistivity 1.6 × 10−5 Ω m). The first report of the effect of stress on the permittivity of carbon fiber is provided. Under elastic tension (strain ≤0.041%, stress ≤100 MPa), the piezoelectric coupling coefficient d33 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.01.044

13. Ultrafast terahertz photoresponse of single and double-walled carbon nanotubes: Optical pump-terahertz probe spectroscopy

Author:
Kar, Srabani; Sood, A.K.
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.144 pp. 731-736
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; energy; models; semiconductors; spectroscopy;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Photocarrier excitation in conventional semiconductors enhances the conductivity due to increased intraband absorption of terahertz (THz) radiation. We report frequency dependent photoconductivity in terahertz range after 800 nm optical pump excitation in (6,5) semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) containing both metallic and semiconducti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.081

14. Can a carbon emission trading scheme generate the Porter effect? Evidence from pilot areas in China

Author:
Dong, Feng; Dai, Yuanju; Zhang, Shengnan; Zhang, Xiaoyun; Long, Ruyin
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.653 pp. 565-577
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
carbon; carbon markets,   etc   ; cities; emissions; models; China;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... “Kyoto Protocol” states that carbon market is one of three private emission-reduction instruments. Since 2013 China implemented carbon emission trading scheme (ETS) in seven provinces or cities. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the implementation of ETS can result in the Porter effect. Based on the Porter hypothesis theory, this study employs the difference-in-difference (DID) m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.395

15. The interplay between multiple toughening mechanisms in nanocomposites with spatially distributed and oriented carbon nanotubes as revealed by dual-scale simulations

Author:
Liu, Qiang; Lomov, Stepan V.; Gorbatikh, Larissa
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.142 pp. 141-149
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; energy; nanocomposites; polymers;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The success of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in increasing toughness of polymers and their composites is often attributed to the additional energy consumed by CNT debonding and pull out. In this work we demonstrate that this mechanism alone can only lead to modest improvements in toughness and that the true toughening power of CNTs lies in activation of multiple mechanisms. Our virtual experiments revea ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.10.005

16. Response to comments by Hoffmann et al. on “Upland grasslands in Northern England were atmospheric carbon sinks regardless of management regime”

Author:
Eze, Samuel; Palmer, Sheila M.; Chapman, Pippa J.
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2019 v.264 pp. 366-368
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
carbon; carbon sinks,   etc   ; grasslands; highlands; England;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hoffmann et al. suspected a likely overestimation of carbon (C) sink reported in our paper (Eze et al., 2018) entitled “Upland grasslands in Northern England were atmospheric carbon sinks regardless of management regime”. They attributed this to potential sources of error associated with the estimation of C fluxes from closed-chamber measurements. We have explained why we think that the C sink rep ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.08.023

17. Mapping temperature and confinement dependence of carbyne formation within carbon nanotubes

Author:
Deng, Yichen; Cranford, Steven W.
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.141 pp. 209-217
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon; carbon nanotubes,   etc   ; models; polymers; sowing; temperature;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Single atomistic chains of carbon – a.k.a. carbyne – are of great interest due to their attractive properties. One route of proposed synthesis is exploiting the interior of a carbon nanotube, enabling sufficient alignment and affable temperature conditions for chain growth. Here, we delineate the optimal conditions for growth by means of full atomistic modeling of sequential carbon reactions insid ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.054

18. Surface parameters measurement of braided preform based on local edge extreme

Author:
Xiao, Zhitao; Pei, Lei; Zhang, Fang; Sun, Ying; Geng, Lei; Wu, Jun; Tong, Jun; Wen, Jia
Source:
The journal of the Textile Institute 2019 v.110 no.4 pp. 535-542
ISSN:
1754-2340
Subject:
carbon fibers,   etc   ; algorithms; fabrics;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper proposes a local edge extreme-based method to automatically measure the pitch length and surface braiding angle of braided preforms. The Lab space transform and an artistic edge and corner enhancing filter are used first to pre-process the original acquired images. An algorithm based on local edge extreme is then used to detect corners. Finally, the pitch lengths and surface braiding an ...
DOI:
10.1080/00405000.2018.1495035

19. Geostatistical estimation of surface soil carbon stock in Mt. Wakakusa grassland of Japan

Author:
Kamarudin, Khairun N.; Tomita, Mayu; Kondo, Keiko; Abe, Susumu S.
Source:
Landscape and ecological engineering 2019 v.15 no.2 pp. 215-221
ISSN:
1860-1871
Subject:
carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; organic carbon,   etc   ; geostatistics; grassland soils; grasslands; models; soil carbon; uncertainty; Japan;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although nation-wide assessments on the grassland soil carbon storage have been conducted in Japan, the uncertainty of the estimation accuracy remains with its local variability. In the present study, using geostatistical approach, we assessed the spatial variability and distribution pattern of organic carbon (OC) and estimated its total stock in the surface soils (0–5 cm) over Mt. Wakakusa grassl ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11355-019-00370-1

20. Oxygenated (113) diamond surface for nitrogen-vacancy quantum sensors with preferential alignment and long coherence time from first principles

Author:
Li, Song; Chou, Jyh-Pin; Wei, Jie; Sun, Minglei; Hu, Alice; Gali, Adam
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.145 pp. 273-280
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
carbon,   etc   ; oxygen; vapors;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is promising in quantum sensing applications however its sensitivity has been limited by surface terminators and defects. There is an immediate quest to find suitable diamond surfaces for NV sensors. In this work, the surface terminators of (113) diamond to host shallow NV centers are studied by means of first principles calculations. Results indicat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2019.01.016