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1. Premature centromere division (PCD) identified in a hucul mare with reproductive difficulties

Author:
Witarski, Wojciech; Kij, Barbara; Nowak, Agnieszka; Bugno‐Poniewierska, Monika
Source:
Reproduction in domestic animals 2020 v.55 no.2 pp. 248-251
ISSN:
0936-6768
Subject:
X chromosome; chromosome morphology; chromosome painting,   etc   ; centromeres; chromosome segregation; karyotyping; mares; metaphase;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... A hucul mare with reproductive abnormalities was examined during karyotype analysis. The karyotype was analysed based on evaluation of 860 metaphase plates in chromosome preparations. The use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with an X chromosome painting probe showed premature X chromosome separation in 9.5% cases of examined chromosome spreads. In this report, we present the first ide ...
DOI:
10.1111/rda.13605

2. Karyomorphological of three endemic plants (Brassicaceae: Euclidieae and Arabideae) from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its significance

Author:
Sun, Wenguang; Wang, Haixia; Wu, Rui; Sun, Hang; Li, Zhimin
Source:
Plant diversity 2020
ISSN:
2468-2659
Subject:
chromosome number; chromosomes,   etc   ; Brassicaceae; indigenous species; karyotyping; plants (botany); China;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the paper, chromosome number and karyotype of three endemic genera from China are reported for the first time. Our results show that Anzhengxia yechengnica has a karyotype formula 2n = 2x = 14 = 6 m + 8sm and belongs to Stebbins-3A; Shangrilaia nana karyotype formula is 2n = 2x = 14 = 10 m + 4sm (sat) and belongs to Stebbins-1A; Baimashania pulvinate karyotype formula is 2n = 2x = 16 = 12 m (sa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pld.2020.03.002

3. Chromosome counts in Aegla expansa Jara, 1992 (Anomura, Aeglidae) a freshwater crab from southern Chile

Author:
Jara-Seguel, Pedro; Muñoz-Pedreros, Andrés; Norambuena, Heraldo V.; Jara, Carlos; González-Urrutia, Marilyn; Guerrero, Marcela
ISSN:
0011-216X
Subject:
chromosome number; chromosomes,   etc   ; Anomura; crabs; somatic cells; streams; zoogeography; Chile;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The freshwater crab Aegla expansa Jara, 1992 (Aeglidae) is endemic to Chile and has a geographical distribution restricted to one stream in the locality of Hualqui (37°S), Concepción Province, Chile. A chromosome number 2n=154 is here described for somatic cells of A. expansa. The chromosomes are large in number and small in size (<2 μm). These cytogenetic data are the first reported for a species ...
DOI:
10.1163/15685403-00003959

4. Cytogenetic Investigations in Emballonuroidea. II. Chromosome Painting in Nycteridae Reveals Cytogenetic Signatures Pointing to Common Ancestry of Nycteris and Emballonura

Author:
Volleth, Marianne; Müller, Stefan; Heller, Klaus-Gerhard; Fahr, Jakob
Source:
Acta chiropterologica 2020 v.21 no.2 pp. 271-281
ISSN:
1733-5329
Subject:
chromosome banding; chromosome number; chromosome painting,   etc   ; Myotis; Nycteridae; ancestry; diploidy; humans; karyotyping; pericentric inversion; synapomorphy; telomeres;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two species of the monogeneric family Nycteridae were studied for the first time with chromosome banding techniques and chromosome painting. The diploid chromosome number of Nycteris macrotis and N. tragata is 40 and 38, respectively. Both karyotypes differ by a translocation, a telomeric fusion and a pericentric inversion. The genus Nycteris shows a highly derived karyotype where the 25 chiropter ...
DOI:
10.3161/15081109ACC2019.21.2.003

5. Cytogenetic Investigations in Emballonuroidea. I. Taphozoinae and Emballonurinae Karyotypes Evolve at Different Rates and Share No Derived Chromosomal Characters

Author:
Volleth, Marianne; Müller, Stefan; Anwarali Khan, Faisal A.; Yong, Hoi-Sen; Heller, Klaus-Gerhard; Baker, Robert J.; Ray, David A; Sotero-Caio, Cibele G.
Source:
Acta chiropterologica 2020 v.21 no.2 pp. 257-269
ISSN:
1733-5329
Subject:
chromosome banding; chromosome number; chromosome painting,   etc   ; Myotis myotis; Scandentia; humans; karyotyping; reciprocal translocation; synapomorphy;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... We present a comparative molecular cytogenetic investigation of six emballonurid species using chromosome banding and cross-species chromosome painting with probes from Myotis myotis, supplemented by selected probes from human, tree shrew, and lemur. The main differences between the 2n = 42 Taphozous karyotype and the 2n = 44 chromosomal complement of Saccolaimus can be explained by one Robertsoni ...
DOI:
10.3161/15081109ACC2019.21.2.002

6. An extraordinarily stable karyotype of the woody Populus species revealed by chromosome painting

Author:
Xin, Haoyang; Zhang, Tao; Wu, Yufeng; Zhang, Wenli; Zhang, Pingdong; Xi, Mengli; Jiang, Jiming
Source:
Theplant journal 2020 v.101 no.2 pp. 253-264
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
chromosome number; chromosome painting; chromosomes,   etc   ; Populus trichocarpa; genome; herbaceous plants; karyotyping; metaphase; models; woody plants;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The karyotype represents the basic genetic make‐up of a eukaryotic species. Comparative cytogenetic analysis of related species based on individually identified chromosomes has been conducted in only a few plant groups and not yet in woody plants. We have developed a complete set of 19 chromosome painting probes based on the reference genome of the model woody plant Populus trichocarpa. Using sequ ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.14536

7. Chromosome variability and evolution in rodents of the tribe Abrotrichini (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae)

Author:
Da Rosa, F.A.; Ojeda, A.A.; Novillo, A.; Labaroni, C.A.; Buschiazzo, L.M.; Teta, P.; Cálcena, E.N.; Bolzán, A.D.; Ojeda, R.A.; Lanzone, C.
Source:
Mammal research 2020 v.65 no.1 pp. 59-67
ISSN:
2199-2401
Subject:
B chromosomes; X chromosome; chromosome number,   etc   ; Neotropics; Sigmodontinae; autosomes; heterochromatin; karyotyping; phylogeny; rodents; taxonomy; telomeres;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rodents are a very diverse group with large chromosome variability. One of the most species rich linage in the Neotropics is the Sigmodontinae. Among them, the tribe Abrotrichini was recently defined and its taxonomy and phylogeny were mostly elucidated through molecular and morphological evidence. Meanwhile, chromosome data were only secondarily used because of fragmentary information. In this co ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13364-019-00463-0

8. In-silico detection of aneuploidy and chromosomal deletions in wheat using genotyping-by-sequencing

Author:
Singh, Narinder; Raupp, John; Koo, Dal-Hoe; Friebe, Bernd; Gill, Bikram; Poland, Jesse
Source:
Plant methods 2020 v.16 no.1 pp. 45
ISSN:
1746-4811
Subject:
chromosome aberrations; chromosome banding; chromosome mapping,   etc   ; aneuploidy; chromosomes; computer simulation; crops; fluorescence in situ hybridization; genes; genomics; genotyping by sequencing; wheat;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Short read sequencing technologies, such as genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), have been utilized in genetic mapping, marker development, and population genomic studies. High-throughput and multiplexing capability coupled with low cost make GBS an appropriate tool for molecular research. Here, we present the application of GBS to characterize wheat aneuploid stocks and detect chromosomal ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13007-020-00588-3
PubMed:
32280361
PubMed Central:
PMC7137276

9. Visualizing the Role of Boundary Elements in Enhancer-Promoter Communication

Author:
Yokoshi, Moe; Segawa, Kazuma; Fukaya, Takashi
Source:
Molecular cell 2020 v.78 no.2 pp. 224-235.e5
ISSN:
1097-2765
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; Drosophila; embryo (animal); genome; transcription (genetics);     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Formation of self-associating loop domains is a fundamental organizational feature of metazoan genomes. Here, we employed quantitative live-imaging methods to visualize impacts of higher-order chromosome topology on enhancer-promoter communication in developing Drosophila embryos. Evidence is provided that distal enhancers effectively produce transcriptional bursting from target promoters over dis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2020.02.007

10. Correction to: Molecular mapping of a novel male-sterile gene msNJ in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

Author:
Nie, Zhixing; Zhao, Tuanjie; Liu, Meifeng; Dai, Jinying; He, Tingting; Lyu, Duo; Zhao, Jinming; Yang, Shouping; Gai, Junyi
Source:
Plant reproduction 2020 v.33 no.1 pp. 75
ISSN:
2194-7953
Subject:
chromosome mapping,   etc   ; Glycine max; genes; soybeans;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Acknowledgement section of the original publication gave a wrong grant number. The correct Acknowledgement should read. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00497-019-00380-x

11. Partial characterization of the X chromosome of Diuraphis noxia (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Author:
Steyn, Louis; Bierman, Anandi; Burger, N. Francois V.; Botha, Anna‐Maria
Source:
Entomological science 2020 v.23 no.1 pp. 86-94
ISSN:
1343-8786
Subject:
X chromosome,   etc   ; Diuraphis noxia; flow cytometry; genes;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... We present the first sequencing results after separation of the X chromosome of Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), the largest known X chromosome described to date, using flow cytometry. The X chromosome of D. noxia is 0.1824 pg (1C) and an estimated 178.4 Mb (1C) in size. Mapping confirmed that the X chromosome contains 13,799 protein coding genes, but with a slight bias towards ...
DOI:
10.1111/ens.12401

12. Plasmid‐chromosome cross‐talks

Author:
Vial, Ludovic; Hommais, Florence
Source:
Environmental microbiology 2020 v.22 no.2 pp. 540-556
ISSN:
1462-2912
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; gene expression; mutation; plasmids; transcription factors;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plasmids can be acquired by recipient bacteria at a significant cost while conferring them advantageous traits. To counterbalance the costs of plasmid carriage, both plasmids and host bacteria have developed a tight regulatory network that may involve a cross‐talk between the chromosome and the plasmids. Although plasmid regulation by chromosomal regulators is generally well known, chromosome regu ...
DOI:
10.1111/1462-2920.14880

13. An automatic representation of peptides for effective antimicrobial activity classification

Author:
Beltran, Jesus A.; Del Rio, Gabriel; Brizuela, Carlos A.
Source:
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2020 v.18 pp. 455-463
ISSN:
2001-0370
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; algorithms; antibiotics; antimicrobial peptides; antimicrobial properties;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising alternative to small-molecules-based antibiotics. These peptides are part of most living organisms’ innate defense system. In order to computationally identify new AMPs within the peptides these organisms produce, an automatic AMP/non-AMP classifier is required. In order to have an efficient classifier, a set of robust features that can capture what di ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.csbj.2020.02.002
PubMed:
32180904
PubMed Central:
PMC7063200

14. Genome size and cytomolecular diversification in two species of the South African endemic genus Tulbaghia L. (Allioideae, Amaryllidaceae)

Author:
Báez, Mariana; Souza, Gustavo; Guerra, Marcelo
Source:
South African journal of botany 2020 v.130 pp. 407-413
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
chromosome morphology; chromosome number,   etc   ; Tulbaghia; evolution; genome; genomics; heterochromatin; indigenous species; karyotyping; ribosomal DNA; telomeres;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tulbaghia L. is a South African genus of Allioideae, Amaryllidaceae, which includes circa 25 species with similar karyotypes, all of them with 2n = 12 large chromosomes, predominantly metacentric to submetacentric. This karyotype stability contrasts with the high variability in chromosome number and morphology reported for its South American sister group, the tribe Gilliesieae. Aiming to understan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2020.01.024

15. Regulated Proteolysis of MutSγ Controls Meiotic Crossing Over

Author:
He, Wei; Rao, H.B.D. Prasada; Tang, Shangming; Bhagwat, Nikhil; Kulkarni, Dhananjaya S.; Ma, Yunmei; Chang, Maria A.W.; Hall, Christie; Bragg, Junxi Wang; Manasca, Harrison S.; Baker, Christa; Verhees, Gerrik F.; Ranjha, Lepakshi; Chen, Xiangyu; Hollingsworth, Nancy M.; Cejka, Petr; Hunter, Neil
Source:
Molecular cell 2020 v.78 no.1 pp. 168-183.e5
ISSN:
1097-2765
Subject:
chromosome segregation; chromosomes,   etc   ; DNA; crossing over; enzymes; gene overexpression; meiosis; neutralization; phosphorylation; protein degradation; proteolysis;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Crossover recombination is essential for accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis. The MutSγ complex, Msh4-Msh5, facilitates crossing over by binding and stabilizing nascent recombination intermediates. We show that these activities are governed by regulated proteolysis. MutSγ is initially inactive for crossing over due to an N-terminal degron on Msh4 that renders it unstable by directly tar ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2020.02.001

16. Chromosome number and genome size in Atriplex mollis from southern Tunisia and Atriplex lanfrancoi from Malta (Amaranthaceae)

Author:
Tlili, Abderrazak; Gouja, Hassen; Vallès, Joan; Garnatje, Teresa; Buhagiar, Joseph; Neffati, Mohamed
Source:
Plant systematics and evolution 2020 v.306 no.1 pp. 11
ISSN:
0378-2697
Subject:
chromosome aberrations; chromosome number,   etc   ; Atriplex; diploidy; genome; geographical distribution; monophyly; Malta; Tunisia;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, we investigated the chromosome number and genome size of two Mediterranean Amaranthaceae species, namely Atriplex mollis from southern Tunisia and A. lanfrancoi (formerly Cremnophyton lanfrancoi) from Malta. The two species were found to be diploid (2n = 18) for all examined populations. This result is different from that previously reported for Cremnophyton lanfrancoi Brullo and Pav ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00606-020-01643-1

17. Cytotoxic evaluation of glyphosate, using Allium cepa L. as bioindicator

Author:
Mercado, Seir Antonio Salazar; Caleño, Jesús David Quintero
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.700 pp. 134452
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
chromosome breakage; chromosomes,   etc   ; Allium cepa; bulbs; cytotoxicity; glyphosate; meristems; mitosis; onions; root growth; roots; telophase;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Glyphosate is a chemical compound used mainly as a broad spectrum herbicide, it is recognized for its proven effectiveness and easy handling. It represents more than 60% of the world market of non-selective herbicides and is used in both agricultural fields and family gardens. The present study was designed to test the cytogenotoxic potential of glyphosate using the Allium cepa test as toxicity bi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134452

18. Distinct Roles for Condensin’s Two ATPase Sites in Chromosome Condensation

Author:
Elbatsh, Ahmed M.O.; Kim, Eugene; Eeftens, Jorine M.; Raaijmakers, Jonne A.; van der Weide, Robin H.; García-Nieto, Alberto; Bravo, Sol; Ganji, Mahipal; uit de Bos, Jelmi; Teunissen, Hans; Medema, René H.; de Wit, Elzo; Haering, Christian H.; Dekker, Cees; Rowland, Benjamin D.
Source:
Molecular cell 2019 v.76 no.5 pp. 724-737.e5
ISSN:
1097-2765
Subject:
chromosome morphology; chromosome segregation; chromosomes,   etc   ; DNA; adenosinetriphosphatase; genome; mitosis; mutation;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Condensin is a conserved SMC complex that uses its ATPase machinery to structure genomes, but how it does so is largely unknown. We show that condensin’s ATPase has a dual role in chromosome condensation. Mutation of one ATPase site impairs condensation, while mutating the second site results in hyperactive condensin that compacts DNA faster than wild-type, both in vivo and in vitro. Whereas one s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2019.09.020
PubMed:
31629658
PubMed Central:
PMC6900782

19. Inferring hypothesis-based transitions in clade-specific models of chromosome number evolution in sedges (Cyperaceae)

Author:
Márquez-Corro, José Ignacio; Martín-Bravo, Santiago; Spalink, Daniel; Luceño, Modesto; Escudero, Marcial
Source:
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 2019 v.135 pp. 203-209
ISSN:
1055-7903
Subject:
chromosome aberrations; chromosome number; chromosomes,   etc   ; Cyperaceae; genomics; models; phylogeny;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Large-scale changes in chromosome number have been associated with diversification rate shifts in many lineages of plants. For instance, several ancient rounds of polyploidization events have been inferred to promote genomic differentiation and/or isolation and, consequently, angiosperm diversification. Dysploidy, although less studied, has been suggested to also play an important role in angiospe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ympev.2019.03.006

20. Evolutionary and biogeographic history of the black fly Simulium wayani (Diptera: Simuliidae) on the island of Timor

Author:
Adler, Peter H.; Takaoka, Hiroyuki; Sofian-Azirun, Mohd; Chen, Chee Dhang; Suana, I. Wayan
Source:
Acta tropica 2019 v.193 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
0001-706X
Subject:
chromosome aberrations; chromosome number; polytene chromosomes,   etc   ; Simulium; cryptic species; geographical distribution; heterozygosity; sex chromosomes; Australia; Timor;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... A recently described species of black fly, Simulium wayani Takaoka and Chen, from the island of Timor was chromosomally mapped to provide insights into its evolutionary and biogeographic history. The morphologically based species status of S. wayani is supported by a suite of fixed chromosomal rearrangements and unique sex chromosomes derived primarily from a large pool of polymorphisms in the S. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.02.017