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1. Pathogenic 12-kb copy-neutral inversion in syndromic intellectual disability identified by high-fidelity long-read sequencing

Author:
Mizuguchi, Takeshi; Okamoto, Nobuhiko; Yanagihara, Keiko; Miyatake, Satoko; Uchiyama, Yuri; Tsuchida, Naomi; Hamanaka, Kohei; Fujita, Atsushi; Miyake, Noriko; Matsumoto, Naomichi
Source:
Genomics 2021 v.113 no.1 pp. 1044-1053
ISSN:
0888-7543
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; genomics; haplotypes;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report monozygotic twin girls with syndromic intellectual disability who underwent exome sequencing but with negative pathogenic variants. To search for variants that are unrecognized by exome sequencing, high-fidelity long-read genome sequencing (HiFi LR-GS) was applied. A 12-kb copy-neutral inversion was precisely identified by HiFi LR-GS after trio-based variant filtering. This inversion dir ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.10.038

2. The Bee Chromosome database (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Author:
Cunha, Marina Souza; Cardoso, Danon Clemes; Cristiano, Maykon Passos; de Oliveira Campos, Lucio Antônio; Lopes, Denilce Meneses
Source:
Apidologie 2021 v.52 no.2 pp. 493-502
ISSN:
0044-8435
Subject:
chromosome number; chromosomes,   etc   ; Apidae; bees; databases; genome; haploidy; phylogeny; taxonomy;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The bee diversity (Apidae) estimative ranges from 18,000 to 20,000 species worldwide. Together, they show an impressive diversity in morphological, ecological, and behavioral traits, and there is still much to be understood about their taxonomy and systematics. Their chromosome count variability and genome biology are also astonishing. To date, around 200 bee species have already been karyotyped, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13592-020-00838-2

3. Model adequacy tests for probabilistic models of chromosome‐number evolution

Author:
Rice, Anna; Mayrose, Itay
Source:
Thenew phytologist 2021 v.229 no.6 pp. 3602-3613
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
chromosome number; chromosomes,   etc   ; Angiospermae; eukaryotic cells; genome; phylogeny;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chromosome number is a central feature of eukaryote genomes. Deciphering patterns of chromosome‐number change along a phylogeny is central to the inference of whole genome duplications and ancestral chromosome numbers. ChromEvol is a probabilistic inference tool that allows the evaluation of several models of chromosome‐number evolution and their fit to the data. However, fitting a model does not ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.17106

4. Discovery of a Major QTL Controlling Trichome IV Density in Tomato Using K-Seq Genotyping

Author:
Mata-Nicolás, Estefanía; Montero-Pau, Javier; Gimeno-Paez, Esther; García-Pérez, Ana; Ziarsolo, Peio; Blanca, José; van der Knaap, Esther; Díez, María José; Cañizares, Joaquín
Source:
Genes 2021 v.12 no.2
ISSN:
2073-4425
Subject:
chromosome mapping; chromosomes,   etc   ; genetic relationships; genotyping; introgression; tomatoes; trichomes;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Trichomes are a common morphological defense against pests, in particular, type IV glandular trichomes have been associated with resistance against different invertebrates. Cultivated tomatoes usually lack or have a very low density of type IV trichomes. Therefore, for sustainable management of this crop, breeding programs could incorporate some natural defense mechanisms, such as those afforded b ...
DOI:
10.3390/genes12020243

5. New report on karyotype and idiogram of two Zingiber species, Z. ligulatum and Z. parishii subsp. phuphanense from Thailand

Author:
Saensouk, Surapon; Saensouk, Piyaporn
Source:
The Nucleus 2021 v.64 no.1 pp. 115-121
ISSN:
0029-568X
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; Zingiber; asymmetry; karyotyping; Thailand;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The genus Zingiber of the family Zingiberaceae is a perennial herb that possesses underground tuberous aromatic rhizomes and currently comprises approximately 56 species in Thailand. Somatic chromosome numbers and karyotypes of two species of Zingiber found in the northeast Thailand are presented here. Present study is the first account of the karyotype formula of the examined species which could ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13237-020-00318-z

6. Dosage Sensing, Threshold Responses, and Epigenetic Memory: A Systems Biology Perspective on Random X‐Chromosome Inactivation

Author:
Mutzel, Verena; Schulz, Edda G.
Source:
BioEssays 2020 v.42 no.4 pp. e1900163
ISSN:
0265-9247
Subject:
X chromosome; chromosome number,   etc   ; epigenetics;     Show all 3 Subject
Abstract:
... X‐chromosome inactivation ensures dosage compensation between the sexes in mammals by randomly choosing one out of the two X chromosomes in females for inactivation. This process imposes a plethora of questions: How do cells count their X chromosome number and ensure that exactly one stays active? How do they randomly choose one of two identical X chromosomes for inactivation? And how do they stab ...
DOI:
10.1002/bies.201900163

7. Fine mapping of two grain chalkiness QTLs sensitive to high temperature in rice

Author:
Yang, Weifeng; Liang, Jiayan; Hao, Qingwen; Luan, Xin; Tan, Quanya; Lin, Shiwan; Zhu, Haitao; Liu, Guifu; Liu, Zupei; Bu, Suhong; Wang, Shaokui; Zhang, Guiquan
Source:
Rice 2021 v.14 no.1 pp. 33
ISSN:
1939-8425
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; grain quality; incomplete dominance; rice; temperature;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Grain chalkiness is one of important factors affected rice grain quality. It is known that chalkiness is affected by the high temperature during the seed filling period. Although a larger of QTLs for chalkiness were reported across all 12 chromosomes, only a few of the QTLs were fine mapped or cloned up to now. Here, we fine map two QTLs for chalkiness in two single-segment substitutio ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12284-021-00476-x

8. Mechanisms of meiotic drive in symmetric and asymmetric meiosis

Author:
Kruger, Alyssa N.; Mueller, Jacob L.
Source:
Cellular and molecular life sciences 2021 v.78 no.7 pp. 3205-3218
ISSN:
1420-682X
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; eggs; meiosis; meiotic drive; phenotype;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Meiotic drive, the non-Mendelian transmission of chromosomes to the next generation, functions in asymmetric or symmetric meiosis across unicellular and multicellular organisms. In asymmetric meiosis, meiotic drivers act to alter a chromosome’s spatial position in a single egg. In symmetric meiosis, meiotic drivers cause phenotypic differences between gametes with and without the driver. Here we d ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00018-020-03735-0

9. Revealing New Candidate Genes for Teat Number Relevant Traits in Duroc Pigs Using Genome-Wide Association Studies

Author:
Li, Yang; Pu, Lei; Shi, Liangyu; Gao, Hongding; Zhang, Pengfei; Wang, Lixian; Zhao, Fuping
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.3
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; Duroc; Sus scrofa; genes; genomics; phenotype;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The number of teats is related to the nursing ability of sows. In the present study, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for traits related to teat number in Duroc pig population. Two mixed models, one for counted and another for binary phenotypic traits, were employed to analyze seven traits: the right (RTN), left (LTN), and total (TTN) teat numbers; maximum teat number on a side ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11030806

10. A new natural hybrid of Iris (Iridaceae) from Chongqing, China

Author:
Xiao, Yue-e; Yu, Feng-yang; Zhou, Xiao-feng
Source:
PhytoKeys 2021 v.174 pp. 1-12
ISSN:
1314-2003
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; chloroplast DNA; hybrids; phylogeny; China;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A newly discovered natural hybrid, Iris×ampliflora Y.E. Xiao, F.Y. Yu & X.F. Chen (Iridaceae: subgenus LimnirissectionLophiris) from Chongqing, China, is described and illustrated. This hybrid is morphologically similar to I. japonica Thunb. and I. wattii Baker, but can be distinguished by its giant leaves and large purple flowers. Phylogenetic trees based on cpDNA data support the separation of I ...
DOI:
10.3897/phytokeys.174.62306

11. Modulatory mechanisms of NLRP3: Potential roles in inflammasome activation

Author:
Ge, Qihui; Chen, Xinnong; Zhao, Yixuan; Mu, Huaiyu; Zhang, Junping
Source:
Life sciences 2021 v.267 pp. 118918
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; DNA; inflammasomes; interleukin-18; transcription (genetics);     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The NLRP3 inflammasome regulates innate immune and inflammatory responses by promoting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-18 and IL-1β. NLRP3 is one of the main factors restricting the activation of the inflammasome, which is closely related to the abundance and localization of NLRP3. A substantial number of studies have focused on specifically targeting NLRP3 to develop inhibitors against NLRP ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118918

12. Curcuma ruiliensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China

Author:
Chen, Juan; Ye, Yu‐Shi; Xia, Nian‐He
Source:
Nordic journal of botany 2021 v.39 no.2
ISSN:
0107-055X
Subject:
chromosome number,   etc   ; calyx; coma; new species; China;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new species of Curcuma L. subg. Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) from China, C. ruiliensis N. H. Xia & Juan Chen, is described and illustrated. The chromosome number (2n = 84) is reported here. The new species is most similar to C. kwangsiensis S. G. Lee & C. F. Liang, but distinguished by pale yellow rhizomes, obovate tubers, longer ligule, lanceolate, obliquely spreading coma bracts, apex attenuate nev ...
DOI:
10.1111/njb.02910

13. Phenotypic and genomic analyses of agonistic interactions in laying hen lines divergently selected for feather pecking

Author:
Iffland, Hanna; Schmid, Markus; Preuß, Siegfried; Bessei, Werner; Tetens, Jens; Bennewitz, Jörn
Source:
Applied animal behaviour science 2021 v.234 pp. 105177
ISSN:
0168-1591
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; aggression; genome; genomics; heritability; phenotype;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In poultry, aggressive pecking and threatening are normal agonistic behavior patterns which serve to establish a social hierarchy. As agonistic behavior is a stressor for animals, its excessive occurrence is undesired in layer flocks. Feather pecking is a longstanding serious problem in layer flocks and its relationship to agonistic behavior is still not clear. Therefore, phenotypic and genomic an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105177

14. Disruption of actin filaments delays accumulation of cell plate membranes after chromosome separation

Author:
Maeda, Keisho; Higaki, Takumi
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2021 v.16 no.4 pp. 1873586
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
chromosome segregation; chromosomes,   etc   ; actin; anaphase; behavior; cytokinesis; histones; kinesin; microtubules; polymerization; tobacco;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Phragmoplasts, which comprise microtubules, actin filaments, and membrane vesicles, are responsible for cell plate formation and expansion during plant cytokinesis. Our previous research using the actin polymerization inhibitor latrunculin B (LatB) to investigate the role of actin filaments suggested the existence of two types of microtubules: 1) initial microtubules sensitive to LatB but unassoci ...
DOI:
10.1080/15592324.2021.1873586

15. Cytogenetic characterization of five species of genus Coeliccia of family Platycnemididae (Odonata: Zygoptera) using C-banding, silver nitrate staining and sequence specific staining

Author:
Walia, Gurinder Kaur; Devi, Monika
Source:
The Nucleus 2021 v.64 no.1 pp. 55-60
ISSN:
0029-568X
Subject:
chromosome banding; chromosome number,   etc   ; 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; Platycnemididae; complement; haploidy; silver nitrate; India;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cytogenetic characterization of five species of genus Coeliccia of family Platycnemididae has been done by conventional staining, C-banding, silver nitrate staining and sequence specific staining. These species were collected from the localities present in Andretta, Bilaspur (Himachal Pradesh) and Nongkhyllem (Meghalaya), India. All the species possess n = 13 as haploid chromosome number, which is ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13237-020-00314-3

16. QTL Mapping for Gummy Stem Blight Resistance in Watermelon (Citrullus spp.)

Author:
Lee, Eun Su; Kim, Do-Sun; Kim, Sang Gyu; Huh, Yun-Chan; Back, Chang-Gi; Lee, Ye-Rin; Siddique, Muhammad Irfan; Han, Koeun; Lee, Hye-Eun; Lee, Jundae
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.3
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
chromosome mapping; chromosomes,   etc   ; cultivars; fruits; genetic distance; gummy stem blight; leaves; phenotype; quantitative traits; watermelons;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Watermelon (Citrulluslanatus) is an economically important fruit crop worldwide. Gummy stem blight (GSB) is one of the most damaging diseases encountered during watermelon cultivation. In the present study, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with GSB resistance in an F₂ population derived from a cross between maternal-susceptible line ‘920533’ (C. lanatus) and the paternal-res ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10030500

17. Identifying a melanogenesis-related candidate gene by a high-quality genome assembly and population diversity analysis in Hypsizygus marmoreus

Author:
Wang, Gang; Chen, Lianfu; Tang, Weiqi; Wang, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Qing; Wang, Hongbo; Zhou, Xuan; Wu, Haofeng; Guo, Lin; Dou, Meijie; Liu, Lei; Wang, Baiyu; Lin, Jingxian; Xie, Baogui; Wang, Zhengchao; Liu, ZhongJian; Ming, Ray; Zhang, Jisen
Source:
Journal of genetics and genomics 2021
ISSN:
1673-8527
Subject:
chromosome number; chromosomes,   etc   ; Hypsizygus marmoreus; cytochrome P-450; evolution; genes; genome assembly; genomics; melanogenesis; mushrooms; transcriptomics;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hypsizygus marmoreus is one of the most important edible fungi in Basidiomycete division and includes white and gray strains. However, very limited knowledge is known about the genomic structures and the genetic basis for the white/gray diversity of this mushroom. Here, we report the near-complete high-quality H. marmoreus genome at the chromosomal level. Comparative genomics analysis indicates th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jgg.2021.01.002

18. Chromosome Number Determinations in Solidago altissima (Asteraceae: Astereae)

Author:
Morton, John K.; Venn, Joan; Semple, John C.
Source:
Rhodora 2020 v.122 no.990 pp. 65-72
ISSN:
0035-4902
Subject:
chromosome number; chromosomes,   etc   ; Solidago altissima; Canada;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chromosome numbers are reported for 209 individuals of Solidago altissima from Canada and the United States. ...
DOI:
10.3119/20-18

19. Cas9 in Human Embryos: On Target but No Repair

Author:
Hoffmann, Eva R.; Roig, Ignasi
Source:
Cell 2020 v.183 no.6 pp. 1464-1466
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
chromosome elimination,   etc   ; ; alleles; humans;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this issue of Cell, Zuccaro and colleagues show that on-target Cas9-mediated double-strand breaks cause chromosome loss or mis-repair of the disease allele in > 90% of human embryos. End joining repair pathways dominate, causing small insertions or deletions, which raises serious questions about using double-strand breaks for “gene surgery”. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.022

20. Interaction characteristics as evolutionary features for the spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma in a population modeled by continuous probabilistic cellular automata and evolutionary algorithm

Author:
Sérgio, A.R.; Schimit, P.H.T.
Source:
Ecological complexity 2020 v.42 pp. 100829
ISSN:
1476-945X
Subject:
chromosomes,   etc   ; algorithms; mathematical models;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Evolutionary games usually take into consideration individuals’ strategies as the transformative characteristic which leads to the evolution of the population. Here, besides the strategies, interaction aspects are also considered as evolutionary attributes which can change over time as the replacement dynamic renovates the population choosing locally better individuals to reproduce. The population ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecocom.2020.100829