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1. Body fluid analog chlorination: Application to the determination of disinfection byproduct formation kinetics in swimming pool water

Author:
Tsamba, Lucie; Cimetière, Nicolas; Wolbert, Dominique; Correc, Olivier; Le Cloirec, Pierre
Source:
Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2020 v.87 pp. 112-122
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; ammonia; basins; body fluids; chlorination; chlorine; chloroform; disinfectants; disinfection; histidine; humans; hydrolysis; models; reaction mechanisms; swimming pools; urea;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed in swimming pools by the reactions of bather inputs with the disinfectant. Although a wide range of molecules has been identified within DBPs, only few kinetic rates have been reported. This study investigates the kinetics of chlorine consumption, chloroform formation and dichloroacetonitrile formation caused by human releases. Since the flux and main com ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2019.06.009

2. Syrah grape skin valorisation using ultrasound‐assisted extraction: Phenolic compounds recovery, antioxidant capacity and phenolic profile

Author:
Mazza, Karen E. L.; Santiago, Manuela C. P. A.; do Nascimento, Luzimar S. M.; Godoy, Ronoel L. O.; Souza, Erika F.; Brígida, Ana Iraidy S.; Borguini, Renata G.; Tonon, Renata V.
Source:
International journal of food science & technology 2019 v.54 no.3 pp. 641-650
ISSN:
0950-5423
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; anthocyanins; antioxidant activity; grapes; phenolic acids; ultrasonic treatment;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The influence of ultrasound power (1000–3000 W/L), citric acid concentration (0–3%) and solid:liquid ratio (1:5–1:15) on the phenolic compounds recovery and antioxidant capacity of Syrah grape skin extracts were evaluated. Total phenolic compounds varied from 6485 to 11732 mg gallic acid/100 g and monomeric anthocyanin content from 453 to 685 mg malvidin‐3‐glucoside/100 g. The antioxidant capacity ...
DOI:
10.1111/ijfs.13883

3. Robust Carbon Nitride-Based Thermoset Coatings for Surface Modification and Photochemistry

Author:
Kumru, Baris; Barrio, Jesús; Zhang, Jianrui; Antonietti, Markus; Shalom, Menny; Schmidt, Bernhard V. K. J.
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2019 v.11 no.9 pp. 9462-9469
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; carbon nitride; coatings; graphene; mixing; photocatalysis; polymers;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Herein, the convenient visible light-induced photografting of hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate onto graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) is described, leading to well-dispersible g-CN-based precursor polymers that can be injected. Mixing with citric acid as the cross-linker and heating leads to stable thermoset coatings. The process is versatile and easy to perform, leading to g-CN-based coatings. Moreover, ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.8b21670

4. Batch leaching of Pb-contaminated shooting range soil using citric acid-modified washing solution and electrochemical reduction

Author:
Etim, E. U.
Source:
International journal of environmental science and technology 2019 v.16 no.7 pp. 3013-3020
ISSN:
1735-1472
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; biodegradability; electrochemistry; leaching; lead; polluted soils; pollution; potassium chloride; pulp; soil washing; washing;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study examines the removal efficiency of lead from contaminated shooting range soils by different citric acid concentrations modified with potassium chloride. Concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 M citric acid were subjected to sequential single-batch washing experiment on 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18% soil pulp density for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h. Furthermore, 1 and 2 M potassium chloride-modified 0.01 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13762-018-1909-2

5. Effect of surface modification on the peroxidase-like behaviors of carbon dots

Author:
Shi, Jing; Yin, Tianxiang; Shen, Weiguo
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2019 v.178 pp. 163-169
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; biocompatibility; carbon quantum dots; catalytic activity; electron transfer; ethyleneimine; hydroxyl radicals; oxidation;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Carbon dots (CDs) have drawn much attention in recent decades due to their outstanding biocompatibility and environmental friendliness. In this work, the surface modifications of peroxidase-like carbon dots were carried out to show the influence of surface structure on the catalytic activity. Poly(ethyleneimine) and citric acid modified CDs, i.e. PEI-CDs and CA-CDs, were obtained and used in the c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.012

6. Changes in phosphorus concentration in needles of adult Norway spruce - nutrient re-translocation or dilution effect?

Author:
Manghabati, Hadi; Weis, Wendelin; Göttlein, Axel
Source:
European journal of forest research 2019 v.138 no.3 pp. 539-546
ISSN:
1612-4669
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; Picea abies; adults; conifers; nutritional status; phosphorus; soil; temporal variation; trees;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Regarding the low availability of phosphorus in soil, tree internal cycling of phosphorus through re-translocation among needles would be a good strategy for conifers to cope with soil phosphorus deficiency and to support new needles in annual growth. Therefore, the relationship between the amount of plant-available phosphorus in the soil and the differences in concentrations of phosphorus among f ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10342-019-01188-0

7. Comparative study of green peas using with blanching & without blanching techniques

Author:
Prakash Pandey, Om; Kumar Mishra, Bimal; Misra, Ashok
Source:
Information processing in agriculture 2019 v.6 no.2 pp. 285-296
ISSN:
2214-3173
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; activation energy; blanching; drying; energy efficiency; models; moisture diffusivity; peas; temperature; water content;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper attempts to analyze the kinetics involved in the drying of green peas in ‘with blanching’ and ‘without blanching’ techniques. Blanching by hot water mixed with a solution of citric acid (0.1–0.2 mg/ml) at 70 °C–100 °C is the treatment provided to the samples of green peas. Experimental analysis shows that the moisture content in green peas of three different sizes is reduced at differen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.inpa.2018.10.002

8. Process development and manufacture of potassium 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyltrifluoroborate

Author:
Pawar, Lokesh; Jayaramaiah, Ramesh; Krishnan, Baburaj; Arunachalampillai, Athimoolam; Chen, Ying; Parsons, Andrew T.; Robinson, Jo Anna; Tedrow, Jason S.
Source:
Tetrahedron 2019
ISSN:
0040-4020
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; chemical reactions; chemical structure; manufacturing; pH; potassium; tartaric acid;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The development of a phase-appropriate manufacturing-scale synthesis of potassium 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyltrifluoroborate was achieved. Investigations into improving the yield and robustness indicated that pH of the reaction medium is a critical process parameter. Additional development resulted in replacing tartaric acid with citric acid, resulting in improved process robustness and enabling scal ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tet.2019.05.063

9. In situ fabrication of carbon dots-based lubricants using a facile ultrasonic approach

Author:
He, Chuang; Yan, Honghao; Li, Xiaojie; Wang, Xiaohong
Source:
Green chemistry 2019 v.21 no.9 pp. 2279-2285
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; carbon quantum dots; energy; friction; green chemistry; lubricants; polyethylene glycol; rolling; ultrasonics; urea;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mechanical friction and wear account for approximately one third of the present global energy consumption. However, it is still a challenge to prepare an efficient lubricant using a green and facile methodology. Herein, for the first time, we report an in situ green, high-yield and large-scale preparation of carbon dots (CDs)-based lubricants derived from low-cost precursors, including citric acid ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8gc04021d

10. Remediation of soil co-contaminated with decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and copper by enhanced electrokinetics-persulfate process

Author:
Chen, Fu; Li, Xiaoxiao; Ma, Jing; Qu, Junfeng; Yang, Yongjun; Zhang, Shaoliang
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.369 pp. 448-455
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; alkalinization; byproducts; cathodes; copper; electric current; electroosmosis; polluted soils; remediation; soil pollution;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work investigated the influences of citric acid and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) as enhancing agents during the electrokinetics (EK)-persulfate process on the remediation of soil artificially contaminated with decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and copper (Cu) with an initial concentration of 50 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively. The results clearly demonstrate the efficiency of the process while at ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.043

11. Citric acid and itaconic acid accumulation: variations of the same story?

Author:
Karaffa, Levente; Kubicek, Christian P.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2019 v.103 no.7 pp. 2889-2902
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; Aspergillus niger; Aspergillus terreus; biochemical pathways; fermentation; fungi; genes; transcription (genetics);     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Citric acid production by Aspergillus niger and itaconic acid production by Aspergillus terreus are two major examples of technical scale fungal fermentations based on metabolic overflow of primary metabolism. Both organic acids are formed by the same metabolic pathway, but whereas citric acid is the end product in A. niger, A. terreus performs two additional enzymatic steps leading to itaconic ac ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-018-09607-9

12. Carbon stable isotopic compositions of citric acid and malic acid in Japanese apricot liqueur decrease as the fruit ripens

Author:
Akamatsu, Fumikazu; Tsuchida, Yasuhisa; Oe, Takaaki; Hisatsune, Yuri; Igi, Yukari; Hashiguchi, Tomokazu; Fujii, Tsutomu
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.277 pp. 70-74
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; Prunus mume; acidulants; carbon; fruits; liqueurs; malic acid; raw fruit; ripening; stable isotopes;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The carbon stable isotopic composition (δ13C) is often analyzed to quantify the addition of acidulants to Japanese apricot liqueur, but little is known about the variation in the δ13C values of the main organic acids arising from differences in the ripeness of Japanese apricots. We show that in Japanese apricot liqueur prepared using fruits at different stages of ripeness, the δ13C values of citri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.081

13. Contribution of organic acids to α-terpinene antioxidant activity

Author:
Quiroga, Patricia R.; Nepote, Valeria; Baumgartner, María T.
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.277 pp. 267-272
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; antioxidant activity; butylated hydroxytoluene; canola oil; inhibitory concentration 50; synergism;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... DPPH scavenging activity and antioxidant activity in canola oil of α-terpinene, BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and acetic, malic and citric acids and their mixtures were determined to examine the synergistic effect on the antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated that α-terpinene and organic acids had low or any activity against DPPH and BHT showed an IC50 of 0.035 mM. When mixed with organic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.100

14. Citric acid-modulated in situ synthesis of 3D hierarchical Bi@BiOCl microsphere photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic performance

Author:
Su, Xiangde; Hou, Liqiong; Xia, Le; Yu, Xiang; Guo, Jia; Zhu, Yi; Zhang, Yuanming
Source:
Journal of materials science 2019 v.54 no.6 pp. 4559-4572
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; absorptivity; bismuth; microparticles; nanosheets; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; salicylic acid; ultraviolet radiation;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... 3D hierarchical Bi@BiOCl microspheres were successfully synthesized by a facile solvothermal method using citric acid as a modulating agent and the growth process was revealed. The modulation of citric acid not only reduced the size of BiOCl nanosheets, finally transforming BiOCl microflowers into microspheres, but also induced the in situ reductive deposition of metallic Bi on the surface of the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-018-3176-5

15. Nanocomposites Based on Poly(lactic acid) and Bacterial Cellulose Acetylated by an α-Hydroxyacid Catalyzed Route

Author:
Ávila Ramírez, Jhon Alejandro; Cerrutti, Patricia; Bernal, Celina; Errea, María Inés; Foresti, María Laura
Source:
Journal of polymers and the environment 2019 v.27 no.3 pp. 510-520
ISSN:
1566-2543
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; acetylation; cellulose; data collection; derivatization; mechanical properties; nanocomposites; nanofibers; polylactic acid; solvents;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposite films reinforced with acetylated bacterial cellulose nanoribbons were prepared by solvent casting. Acetylation of bacterial cellulose (BC) was performed by an innovative and sustainable direct solvent-free route catalyzed by citric acid. The effect of derivatization and its extent on the morphological, optical, thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomp ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10924-019-01367-5

16. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) based on citric acid and sucrose as a potential green technology: a comprehensive study of water inclusion and its effect on thermal, physical and rheological properties

Author:
Savi, Lizandra Kamradt; Dias, Mariana Carolina Gipiela Corrêa; Carpine, Danielle; Waszczynskyj, Nina; Ribani, Rosemary Hoffmann; Haminiuk, Charles Windson Isidoro
Source:
International journal of food science & technology 2019 v.54 no.3 pp. 898-907
ISSN:
0950-5423
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; models; solvents; sucrose; sustainable technology; temperature; thermal properties; viscosity; water content;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, NADES based on sucrose and citric acid was synthesised and evaluated. Physical properties such as density, viscosity and thermal profile were evaluated at different temperatures and water contents. Viscosity and density were inversely affected by temperature and water content. Increases in the sucrose fraction resulted in higher viscosity, but no differences in density were observed. ...
DOI:
10.1111/ijfs.14013

17. Fluorescence quenching capillary analysis for determining trace-level nitrite in food based on the citric acid/ethylenediamine nanodots/nitrite reaction

Author:
Li, Bao-Lin; Li, Yong-Sheng; Gao, Xiu-Feng
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.274 pp. 162-169
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; ambient temperature; carbon; detection limit; fluorescence; foods; hydrochloric acid; nanotechnology; nitrites; nitrosamines; reaction mechanisms;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... We found that nitrite after protonation can react with amine radical on citric acid/ethylenediamine carbon nanodots (CA/EDA-CDs) to form nitrosamines, and fluorescence quenching of CA/EDA-CDs occurred during this process. Using the reaction mechanism a fluorescence quenching capillary analysis (FQCA) was developed. After optimized reaction conditions, the following results were obtained: the requi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.112

18. Synthesis and Application of CCQDs as a Novel Type of Environmentally Friendly Scale Inhibitor

Author:
Hao, Jian; Li, Lingyun; Zhao, Weiwei; Wu, Xiaqian; Xiao, Yangyang; Zhang, Hongfeng; Tang, Na; Wang, Xiaocong
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2019 v.11 no.9 pp. 9277-9282
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; barium sulfate; biocompatibility; calcium sulfate; carbon quantum dots; particle size; temperature; thermal degradation; toxicity;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are promising nanomaterials since they have smaller particle size, excellent biocompatibility, and low toxicity. However, no one has found their high-scale inhibition performance so far. In this article, a new kind of green scale inhibitor, carboxyl carbon quantum dots (CCQDs), was synthesized through a simple method of thermal decomposition of citric acid. The as-prepar ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.8b19015

19. Efficient docosahexaenoic acid production by Schizochytrium sp. via a two-phase pH control strategy using ammonia and citric acid as pH regulators

Author:
Yin, Feng-Wei; Zhang, Yu-Ting; Jiang, Jia-Yi; Guo, Dong-Sheng; Gao, Song; Gao, Zhen
Source:
Process biochemistry 2019 v.77 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
1359-5113
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; Schizochytrium; ammonia; biomass production; cell growth; docosahexaenoic acid; fatty acid composition; fermentation; nitrogen; pH;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The cell growth and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) synthesis of Schizochytrium sp. are closely related to the culture pH. A two-phase pH control strategy based on nitrogen consumption was developed in which pH 7.0 was used for biomass accumulation and pH 5.0 for DHA synthesis. Using this strategy, the cell dry weight and DHA content reached 98.07 and 25.85 g/L, respectively. Furthermore, ammonia and c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.procbio.2018.11.013

20. Path analysis of phosphorus activation capacity as induced by low-molecular-weight organic acids in a black soil of Northeast China

Author:
Yang, Xiaoyan; Chen, Xiangwei; Guo, Erhui; Yang, Xitian
Source:
Journal of soils and sediments 2019 v.19 no.2 pp. 840-847
ISSN:
1439-0108
Subject:
citric acid,   etc   ; acidity; inorganic phosphorus; oxalic acid; pH; path analysis; soil; China;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: The present study was designed to assess the potential effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids on the activation of inorganic phosphorus, obtain exact information on the acidity effect of proton and complex effect of organic anion in P availability, and determine the components among phosphorus fractions that contributed the most to inorganic phosphorus activation in black soil. MAT ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11368-018-2034-z