An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
citricacid, etc ; adulterated products; models; sucrose; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... According to the Multiplicative Hyperbolic Model (MHM), the value of a reinforcer is an increasing hyperbolic function of its size (q). Recently reported results indicated that dilution of a sucrose solution reduced its reinforcing value by increasing the ‘size-sensitivity’ parameter of this function and reducing its maximum. The present experiment examined whether adulterating a sucrose solution ...
citricacid, etc ; anodes; glucose; leachates; phase transition; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The precious metals enriched residue of copper anode slime (PM-CAS) obtained from our previous study, creates favorable conditions for recycling resource. In this study, a green and economical process for resource recovery from PM-CAS is proposed. Results showed that 99.70% Ag and 98.65% Pd were successfully leached in 10 min by HNO₃-citric acid under optimized conditions with 99.81% Au retained i ...
citricacid, etc ; glucose; nutrition; organic foods; syrups; France; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In France, around 70% of conventional industrial foods are ultra-processed, with no data for organic foods. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the percentage of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in industrially packaged organic (n = 8554) and conventional (n = 45,791) foods, and to describe their marker of ultra-processing (MUP) profiles. The percentage of UPFs and MUP profiles were determin ...
citricacid, etc ; Cactaceae; biosynthesis; cultivars; fruits; malic acid; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pitayas are rich in organic acids, especially citramalic acid, which is significantly higher than the plants. However, the mechanism of citramalic acid biosynthesis remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, organic acid compositions and contents, as well as expression patterns of key genes related to organic acid metabolism were analyzed during fruit maturation of four different pitaya cultiv ...
citricacid, etc ; cold; sourness; sucrose; sweetness; tartaric acid; taste; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Most beverages are complex matrices. Different taste compounds within these matrices interact, and thus affect the perception of the tastes. Sweetness and sourness have generally been known to suppress each other, but often such investigations have focused on aqueous solutions. Investigations into what happens when these known interactions are transferred to more complex solutions are scarce. In t ...
citricacid, etc ; color; ethanol; melons; models; rehydration; shrinkage; temperature; ultrasonics; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of traditional and novel pretreatments (immersing ethanol solution, immersing in citric acid solution, ultrasound power, and hot water blanching) on drying and some physical properties of melon fruits cultivated in Turkey. Pretreatments significantly reduced drying time. The highest reduction (28.13%) was provided via immersing in 100% ethanol so ...
citricacid, etc ; acid tolerance; imines; nanofiltration; permeability; polyamines; wastewater treatment; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Development of acid resistant nanofiltration membranes (ARNFMs) with high metal rejection, high flux and low molecule weight cut-off (MWCO) remains a big challenge. The separation performance of polyamine ARNFM is partially limited by the dense structure caused by the high concentration of organic phase solution. Herein, in this work, a novel effective post-treatment of citric acid (CA) was utiliz ...
citricacid, etc ; carbon dioxide; enrofloxacin; microalgae; mineralization; moieties; photocatalysis; piperazine; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The coupling of photocatalytic and algal processes has been used for the removal of widespread antibiotics. The removal capacities of the individual and the combined system against enrofloxacin were tested and compared in this work. Due to the low tolerance of the algae to enrofloxacin, the target compound was barely degraded during the individual algal treatment. In the individual photocatalytic ...
Matthew P. Heaney; Laxmi Adhikari; Asher L. Siegel; Kyle B Pekar; Jonathan B Lefton; Claire McGuire; Pokpong Rungthanaphatsophon; Justin R. Walensky; Gary A. Baker; Tomče Runčevski
citricacid, etc ; creatine; glass transition temperature; physical phases; solvents; viscosity; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report the phase diagram for the binary creatine–citric acid mixture which features a stable and broad eutectic region. Combinations containing 10–60 mol% creatine yield a deep eutectic solvent with a glass transition temperature at 270 K. Addition of up to 70 mol% water to the binary mixture affords retention of the eutectic nature and a handle to vary solvent viscosity and polarity. ...
citricacid, etc ; adsorption; arsenic; ascorbic acid; chromium; pollution; remediation; research; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... To enhance the remediation efficiency of arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr)co-contaminated soil, the effect of various combinations of reducing and chelating agents on the removal of As and Cr was studied in the present work by using electrokinetic technology coupled with a permeable reactive barrier (EK-PRB). In an experiment with EK-PRB, reducing agents (ascorbic acid and citric acid) and chelating ...
citricacid, etc ; Danio rerio; biocompatibility; bioimaging; hypochlorites; photoluminescence; photostability; toxicity; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Carbon dots with long-wavelength emission (orange to red), high quantum yield (QY) and good biocompatibility are of great significance for biomedical applications, but achieving this is still a highly challenging task. In this work, multifunctional carbon dots with 54.4% orange emission (O-CDs) were prepared through one-pot solvothermal treatment of nileblueasulphate and citric acid as precursor f ...
citricacid, etc ; electron transfer; environment; fluorescence; iodine; mercury; nitrogen; polyethyleneimine; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... A kind of nitrogen doped carbon dots (N-CDs) was facilely fabricated from polyethyleneimine and anhydrous citric acid, and which was adopted to develop a neoteric “on-off” and “off-on” fluorescent sensor for rapidly and efficiently sensing Hg²⁺ and I⁻. The fluorescence of N-CDs was notably quenched (off) in the existence of Hg²⁺ derived from strong interaction and the electron transfer between N-C ...
citricacid, etc ; colorimetry; composite films; ethanol; hydrophilicity; photons; water solubility; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Photonic materials that enable visual detection of chemicals have shown great potential for wide applications in chemical, environmental, biotechnological, and food industries, but until now, using hydrophilic photonic materials for tracing water-soluble chemicals remains a major challenge due to the strong water interference. Here, we demonstrate a two-step co-assembly and subsequent surface coat ...
citricacid, etc ; batteries; carbon; citrates; electrochemistry; filtrates; filtration; lead acetate; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The current hydrometallurgical recovery routes of spent lead paste generate a large amount of acid/alkali residual filtrate, bringing significant technical and environmental challenge. In this study, the low-impurity lead acetate solution was prepared by reacting desulfurized paste with acetic acid (HAc), which then reacted with citric acid to synthesize high-quality lead citrate. Further crystall ...
citricacid, etc ; benzoic acid; chromatography; mass transfer; molecular imprinting; sodium cyclamate; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... With portable capacitative sensors, a universal method has been established to analyze different organic compounds from real samples. Firstly, the object compounds serve as templates in the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The resulted polymers are promising materials to fabricate highly sensitive and highly selective sensors for the templates. Low mass transfer resistance in ...
citricacid, etc ; blood serum; detection limit; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; humans; oxidation; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Changing a detection analyte into a colored material is a key challenge for visual discrimination of isomers. In this work, a novel fluorescent probe incorporating Cu-doped carbon dots (Cu-CDs), for the first time, was developed for naked-eye discrimination of phenylenediamine isomers and highly sensitive ratiometric fluorescence detection of H₂O₂. In this strategy, Cu-CDs were synthesized by a fa ...
citricacid, etc ; adsorption; chromium; electron transfer; iron; oxalic acid; pH; remediation; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The effects of organic acids on hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal by reduced iron-based materials have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, the promotion mechanism from the perspective of the electron transfer process is still unclear. Herein, sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) and the selected organic acids, citric acid (containing both -OH and −COOH groups) and oxalic acid (con ...
citricacid, etc ; cysteine; fluorescence; fluorescent dyes; food chemistry; glutathione; nitrogen; pyrolysis; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... To determine the glutathione (GSH) content in vegetables, an “on-off-on” fluorescence probe was developed by a synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N,S-CDs) using the microwave pyrolysis considering citric acid and L-cysteine as precursors. The fluorescence of N,S-CDs was quenched by adding Cu²⁺ at a concentration of 20–200 μmol/L due to the inner filter effect. The quenched fluo ...
citricacid, etc ; Escherichia coli; adsorption; copper; fabrics; public health; research; zinc; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... There has been an increasing focus on antibacterial textiles owing to their widespread applications in global public health. In this study, we prepared antibacterial bio-based poly (trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) by multi-crosslinking with citric acid among PTT and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and then adsorbing zinc and copper ions. The results show that β-cyclodextrin was successfully grafted onto ...
Eduardo de Rossi; Maria Herminia Ferreira Tavares; Joel Gustavo Teleken; Paulo André Cremonez; Divair Christ; Simone Damasceno Gomes; Reinaldo Aparecido Bariccatti
citricacid, etc ; biogas; gas production (biological); lignocellulose; methane; straw; synergism; urea; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study proposes the use of mixtures of straws with different pretreatments (citric acid or NaOH: urea) and straw in natura, in anaerobic biodigestion. As this straw is a lignocellulosic material with slow degradation by microorganisms, it is necessary to apply pretreatments, increasing biogas production and consumption of volatile solids. The pretreated material can be used to increase the sol ...