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1. Plumage damage and back skin lesions in laying hens with untrimmed beak depend on rearing of pullets and genetics

Author:
E. Gernand; C. Ahlers; M. Huchler; K. Donat
Source:
British poultry science 2022 v.63 no.3 pp. 274-282
ISSN:
1466-1799
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; barns; beak; cannibalism; plumage; risk;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Within a triennial project, 34 layer flocks with untrimmed beaks were examined regularly throughout the laying period to broaden knowledge on the occurrence and development of severe feather pecking and cannibalism, as well as on factors influencing this non-desirable behaviour. 2. Flocks involved 850 to 27,183 hens of seven different genetics, kept in a barn or on free-range systems. Damage to ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071668.2021.1975259

2. Research Note: The prevalence and vertical transmission of avian hepatitis E virus novel genotypes in Tai'an city, China

Author:
Kuihao Liu; Fanliang Meng; Jun Zhao; Yiran Zhao; Ningwei Geng; Siqi Wang; Liya Zhu; Yufei Lou; Mengda Liu; Ning Li
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.10 pp. 102103
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Orthohepevirus B; carrier state; chickens; evolution; China;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... To investigate the prevalence of avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) in chickens and gather evidence of viral vertical transmission, we collected 288 cloacal swabs and 288 yolks samples from 12 farms with clinically healthy chickens in 4 different areas in Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China (i.e., Daiyue District, Xintai City, Feicheng City, and Ningyang County). We also collected 240 samples from 2 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2022.102103

3. Research Note: The effect of a probiotic E. faecium 669 mitigating Salmonella Enteritidis colonization of broiler chickens by improved gut integrity

Author:
Mia Son Räfle Olsen; Ida Thøfner; Dorthe Sandvang; Louise Ladefoged Poulsen
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.10 pp. 102029
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Salmonella Enteritidis; apramycin; gene expression; histology; probiotics;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, we investigate the effect of the probiotic E. faecium 669 strain on the gut integrity of broilers and the effect on intestinal colonization with Salmonella Enteritidis. In the in vivo experiment, 120-day-old broilers (Ross 308) were divided into 4 equally sized groups. Group A received the probiotic as a single dose by spray at d 18 of incubation and group B received the probiotic i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2022.102029

4. Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is highly prevalent in fancy-chicken flocks in Saxony

Author:
Markus Freick; Ruben Schreiter; Jim Weber; Thomas W. Vahlenkamp; Kristin Heenemann
Source:
Archives of virology 2022 v.167 no.4 pp. 1169-1174
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Avian leukosis virus; flocks; mortality; phylogeny; purebreds; questionnaires; virology; Germany;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The current prevalence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) in fancy chickens in Germany is unknown. Therefore, 537 cloacal swabs from 50 purebred fancy-chicken flocks in Saxony were tested for the presence of the ALV p27 protein using a commercial antigen-capture ELISA. The detection rate was 28.7% at the individual-animal level and 56.0% at the flock level. Phylogenetic analysis of PCR products obtaine ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-022-05404-y

5. New Data on Pterygodermatites (Pterygodermatites) plagiostoma Wedl, 1861 (Nematoda, Rictulariidae) Parasite of the Algerian Hedgehog Atelerix algirus Linnaeus, 1758 (Eulipotyphla: Erinaceidae) from the Canary Islands

Author:
Jordi Miquel; Alexis Ribas; Román Pino-Vera; Elena Izquierdo-Rodríguez; Natalia Martín-Carrillo; Carlos Feliu; Pilar Foronda
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.15 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Ascaridida; Atelerix; Rictulariidae; males; parasites; redescriptions; tail; vulva; Canary Islands; Spain;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... A redescription of the rictulariid nematode Pterygodermatites (Pterygodermatites) plagiostoma Wedl, 1861, is made by means of light and scanning electron microscopy, including the first data on male specimens. The morphologic study was based on specimens recovered from two Algerian hedgehogs (Atelerix algirus) from Tenerife and Gran Canaria islands (Canary Archipelago, Spain). The main characteris ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12151991

6. Sex Determination in Immature Sierra Nevada Lizard (Timon nevadensis)

Author:
Alessandro Vetere; Michela Ablondi; Enrico Bigliardi; Matteo Rizzi; Francesco Di Ianni
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.16 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; animal welfare; females; lizards; males; mountains; radiography; sex determination; sexual dimorphism; ultrasonics;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sex determination has a fundamental role in a captive breeding context, both for commercial reasons and in relation to animal welfare itself. However, this can be particularly difficult, especially in reptiles with little or no sexual dimorphism. Twenty-three clinically healthy young Sierra Nevada lizards (Timon nevadensis) were included in this study for sex determination. The first attempt at se ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12162144

7. Discovery of novel fish papillomaviruses: From the Antarctic to the commercial fish market

Author:
Simona Kraberger; Charlotte Austin; Kata Farkas; Thomas Desvignes; John H. Postlethwait; Rafaela S. Fontenele; Kara Schmidlin; Russell W. Bradley; Pete Warzybok; Koenraad Van Doorslaer; William Davison; Christopher B. Buck; Arvind Varsani
Source:
Virology 2022 v.565 pp. 65-72
ISSN:
0042-6822
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Papillomaviridae; Sparidae; diet; fish; markets; models; oncogene proteins; peptides; phylogeny; virology; Antarctic region;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fish papillomaviruses form a newly discovered group broadly recognized as the Secondpapillomavirinae subfamily. This study expands the documented genomes of the fish papillomaviruses from six to 16, including one from the Antarctic emerald notothen, seven from commercial market fishes, one from data mining of sea bream sequence data, and one from a western gull cloacal swab that is likely diet der ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.virol.2021.10.007

8. Egg microbiota is the starting point of hatchling gut microbiota in the endangered yellow‐spotted Amazon river turtle

Author:
Ana Sofia Carranco; David Romo; Maria de Lourdes Torres; Kerstin Wilhelm; Simone Sommer; Mark A. F. Gillingham
Source:
Molecular ecology 2022 v.31 no.14 pp. 3917-3933
ISSN:
0962-1083
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Podocnemis; eggs; inoculum; intestinal microorganisms; juveniles; nests; ovipary; river water; turtles; Amazon River;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Establishment and development of gut microbiota during vertebrates' early life are likely to be important predictors of health and fitness. Host‐parental and host‐environment interactions are essential to these processes. In oviparous reptiles whose nests represent a source of the parent's microbial inocula, the relative role of host‐selection and stochastic environmental factors during gut microb ...
DOI:
10.1111/mec.16548

9. Molecular detection of influenza A viruses and H5 subtype among migratory Amur falcons (Falco amurensis) and captive birds of prey

Author:
Mohamed E. El Zowalaty; Jennifer DeBeauchmp; Trushar Jeevan; John Franks; Kimberly Friedman; Rina Pretorius; Sean G. Young; Robert G. Webster; Richard J. Webby
Source:
Transboundary and emerging diseases 2022 v.69 no.2 pp. 369-377
ISSN:
1865-1674
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Falco; Newcastle disease; RNA; birds of prey; influenza; migratory behavior; monitoring; viruses; South Africa;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Influenza A viruses (IAVs) and Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) are major human and animal health threats with geographic differences in prevalence, characteristics and host populations. Currently, there is sparse information on IAVs and NDVs in avian species in South Africa. Because raptors feed on live wild birds which are the reservoir hosts of IAVs and NDVs, we considered them a good sentinel ...
DOI:
10.1111/tbed.13988

10. Cloacal virome of an ancient host lineage – The tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) – Reveals abundant and diverse diet-related viruses

Author:
Stephanie J. Waller; Sarah Lamar; Benjamin J. Perry; Rebecca M. Grimwood; Edward C. Holmes; Jemma L. Geoghegan
Source:
Virology 2022 v.575 pp. 43-53
ISSN:
0042-6822
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Picornaviridae; RNA; Sphenodon punctatus; genome; phylogeny; protein structure; transcriptomics; vertebrates; virology; viruses; New Zealand;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) are one of the most phylogenetically isolated vertebrate species and provide a unique host system to study virus evolution. While the tuatara genome, sequenced in 2020, revealed many endogenous viral elements, we know little of the exogenous viruses that infect tuatara. We performed a metatranscriptomics study of tuatara cloaca samples from a wild population on Takapo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.virol.2022.08.012

11. Domestic poultry are not susceptible to avian-origin H3N2 subtype canine influenza A virus

Author:
Pei Zhou; Bo Chen; Xinkai Hu; Xiangyu Xiao; Ruohan Liu; Shoujun Li
Source:
Veterinary microbiology 2022 v.272 pp. 109501
ISSN:
0378-1135
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Influenza A virus; chickens; dogs; eggs; evolution; pathogenicity; seroconversion; specific pathogen-free animals; viruses; China;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... At present, avian-origin H3N2 subtype canine influenza virus (H3N2 CIV) is prevalent in East Asian and North American countries. The host tropism of H3N2 CIV to mammals, including mice, guinea pigs, ferrets, and pigs, has been evaluated. However, it has not previously been determined whether avian-origin H3N2 CIV can be transmitted back to birds. In China, ducks, chickens, geese, pigeons, and quai ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109501

12. Effect of lithium chloride on food intake, cloacal temperature, voluntary activity, and crop-emptying rate in chicks

Author:
Tetsuya Tachibana; Ai Nakatani; Sakirul Khan; Ryosuke Makino; Mark A. Cline
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2022 v.273 pp. 111284
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Gallus gallus; anorexia; cell wall components; corticosterone; fever; food intake; fungi; lipopolysaccharides; lithium chloride; taste; zymosan;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Infections frequently accompany with non-specific symptoms such as anorexia and hyperthermia. In addition, there may be unpleasant sensations such as visceral discomfort during infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a Gram-negative bacteria cell wall component, is known to induce the unpleasant sensation of conditioned taste aversion in mammals. However, the relationship between unpleasant sensation ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111284

13. Impact of male-female cohabitation period on behavioral aspects, fertility, hatchability, and hormonal estimates of Japanese quail

Author:
Ahmed Abdel-Kareem Abuoghaba; Fatma Ali; Dina Abdel-Fattah Selim; Amira Ahmed Mohamed Abdelwahab; Mostafa Galal Abdelfattah
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.1 pp. 101530
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Coturnix japonica; body weight; feed conversion; feed intake; females; hemoglobin; heterophils; males; progesterone; sex ratio; testosterone;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... To evaluate the impact of male-female cohabitation period on the fertility, hatchability, injuries response, and some hormonal estimates in Japanese quails. A total of 288 mature Japanese quails were equally divided into 3 groups (3 groups × 8 replicates × 12 birds), with 1 Male: 2 Females sex ratio. In the first group (control), male and female quails were reared continuously together, while the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2021.101530

14. Effect of sodium nitroprusside on feeding behavior, voluntary activity, and cloacal temperature in chicks

Author:
Maki Takahashi; Akira Sengan; Sakirul Khan; Ryosuke Makino; Mark A. Cline; Tetsuya Tachibana
Source:
Physiology & behavior 2022 v.251 pp. 113805
ISSN:
0031-9384
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Gallus gallus; anorexia; blood glucose; catalase; corticosterone; feed intake; hypothermia; metabolites; nitric oxide; nitroprusside; superoxide dismutase;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nitric oxide (NO) is a well-known gaseous signaling molecule that is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes in vertebrates. The role of NO in physiological responses of birds has been investigated primarily using NOS inhibitors. Therefore, the effect of the absence of NO is well characterized. However, there is little knowledge on the effects of abundant NO in birds, whi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113805

15. Detection and differentiation of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium by multiplex quantitative PCR from different poultry matrices

Author:
İ. B. Müştak; H. K. Müştak
Source:
British poultry science 2022 v.63 no.2 pp. 171-178
ISSN:
1466-1799
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Typhimurium; analytical kits; chicken meat; detection limit; genes; infrastructure; poultry; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; serotypes;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. The aim of this study was to develop a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) based molecular diagnostic kit for rapid diagnosis of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium serotypes, which are frequently isolated worldwide from poultry samples. 2. Detection and discrimination of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium were performed by targeting th ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071668.2021.1966751

16. Effect of housing environment and hen strain on egg production and egg quality as well as cloacal and eggshell microbiology in laying hens

Author:
Milan K. Sharma; Christopher D. McDaniel; Aaron S. Kiess; Robert E. Loar; Pratima Adhikari
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.2 pp. 101595
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; White Leghorn; anaerobes; bacterial contamination; egg production; egg shell; egg shell quality; feed conversion; feed intake; food safety;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to determine the effect of housing environment and laying hen strain on performance, egg quality, and microbiology of the cloaca and eggshell. A total of 1,152 Hy-Line Brown (HB) and Hy-Line W-36 White Leghorn (W-36) hens were used. All hens were kept in conventional cages (CC) from 18 to 32 wk of age and then moved to either enriched colony cages (EC) or free-range (FR) p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2021.101595

17. Susceptibility of common family Anatidae bird species to clade 2.3.4.4e H5N6 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus: an experimental infection study

Author:
Kosuke Soda; Yukiko Tomioka; Chiharu Hidaka; Mayu Matsushita; Tatsufumi Usui; Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2022 v.18 no.1 pp. 127
ISSN:
1746-6148
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Anas acuta; Anas penelope; Influenza A virus; Japan; avian influenza; ducks; eggs; pancreas; pathogenicity; veterinary medicine; viremia; viruses; winter;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: There were large outbreaks of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) caused by clade 2.3.4.4e H5N6 viruses in the winter of 2016–2017 in Japan, which caused large numbers of deaths among several endangered bird species including cranes, raptors, and birds in Family Anatidae. In this study, susceptibility of common Anatidae to a clade 2.3.4.4e H5N6 HPAI virus was assessed to evaluate ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12917-022-03222-7

18. Wildlife Waterfowl as a Source of Pathogenic Campylobacter Strains

Author:
Beata Wysok; Marta Sołtysiuk; Tomasz Stenzel
Source:
Pathogens 2022 v.11 no.2 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-0817
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Campylobacter; adhesion; antibiotic resistance; ciprofloxacin; erythromycin; game animals; genetic variation; hosts; human diseases; humans; meat; tetracycline; virulence; waterfowl; wildlife;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Background: The aim of the study was to determine whether free-living birds belonging to game species whose meat is used for human consumption can constitute a reservoir of pathogenic Campylobacter strains, spreading these bacteria to other hosts or directly contributing to human infection. Methods: A total of 91 cloacal swabs were taken from different species of wildlife waterfowl to estimate the ...
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens11020113

19. Development of a duplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay for the simultaneous detection of goose astrovirus genotypes 1 and 2

Author:
Anping Wang; Li Liu; Shuo Zhang; Wenhao Ye; Tian Zheng; Jun Xie; Shuang Wu; Zhi Wu; Qi Feng; Hongyan Dong; Shanyuan Zhu
Source:
Journal of virological methods 2022 v.310 pp. 114612
ISSN:
0166-0934
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; cross reaction; detection limit; geese; genes; gout; mixed infection; mortality; pathogens; rapid methods; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; waterfowl;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Goose astrovirus (GAstV) is a highly infectious pathogen that causes gout in goslings (<15 old) with typical symptoms of white urate disposition on the surface of the visceral organs and articular cavity, and a high mortality rate up to 50 %. To establish a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay for the rapid detection of the two GastV genotypes(GAstV-1 and GAstV ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114612

20. Research Note: Effect of corn silage and alfalfa meal as alternative induced molt methods to improving Salmonella Enteritidis resistance in laying hens

Author:
Hossein Ayasi; Behrouz Dastar; Taghi Ghoorchi; Seyed Reza Hashemi; Alijan Tabaraei; Morteza Alemi
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.9 pp. 101984
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
cloaca,   etc   ; Salmonella Enteritidis; alfalfa meal; cecum; corn silage; diet; egg production; feed deprivation; liver; molting; oviducts; pH; spleen; tissue weight;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... This experiment was conducted to evaluate diets containing a high level of corn silage and alfalfa meal in inducing molt and reducing susceptibility to Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) colonization in laying hens. Thirty-two healthy hens were examined by cloacal swab samples to be free of Salmonella. Then they were weighed individually and distributed to 4 experimental groups containing 8 hens each, in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2022.101984