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1. Newly identified Fusarium strains (olowILH1 and olowILH2) causing ear rot of maize and their control using Glomus clarum and G. deserticola

Author:
Olowe, Olumayowa M.; Asemoloye, Michael D.; Olawuyi, Odunayo J.
Source:
Plant biosystems 2021 v.155 no.3 pp. 517-523
ISSN:
1724-5575
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Fusarium; Glomus clarum; biological control; corn; ear rot; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; virulence; Nigeria;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study focused on characterization of common Fusarium strains causing ear rot disease of maize and potentials of controlling them using arbuscular mycorrhiza (Glomus clarum Nicol. & Sch. and G. deserticola Trappe, Bloss & Menge). Maize ear showing rot symptoms were obtained from ten (10) different farms in Osun State, Nigeria using random sampling technique and subjected to fungal isolation. T ...
DOI:
10.1080/11263504.2020.1762780

2. Design and testing of seed maize ear peeling roller based on Hertz theory

Author:
Yang, Fan; Du, Yuefeng; Fu, Qiufeng; Li, Xiaoyu; Li, Zhen; Mao, Enrong; Zhu, Zhongxiang
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2021 v.202 pp. 165-178
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; corn; finite element analysis; friction; iron; mechanical models;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seed maize Zea mays (corn in the USA) have a very high value and thus it is crucial to avoid problems of high grain damage and low removal rates that can occur during the peeling of ears to remove the bracts. A mechanical model of the dynamic process of seed maize ear peeling was established using a finite element explicit dynamics simulation of the peeling process based on the Hertz theory and a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2020.12.014

3. A cost‐effective maize ear phenotyping platform enables rapid categorization and quantification of kernels

Author:
Warman, Cedar; Sullivan, Christopher M.; Preece, Justin; Buchanan, Michaela E.; Vejlupkova, Zuzana; Jaiswal, Pankaj; Fowler, John E.
Source:
Theplant journal 2021 v.106 no.2 pp. 566-579
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; anthocyanins; automation; cameras; computer software; computer vision; corn; cost effectiveness; data collection; ears; enzymes; image analysis; models; mutants; mutation; phenotype; scanners; vacuoles;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... High‐throughput phenotyping systems are powerful, dramatically changing our ability to document, measure, and detect biological phenomena. Here, we describe a cost‐effective combination of a custom‐built imaging platform and deep‐learning‐based computer vision pipeline. A minimal version of the maize (Zea mays) ear scanner was built with low‐cost and readily available parts. The scanner rotates a ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.15166

4. Genome-wide alternative splicing variation and its potential contribution to maize immature-ear heterosis

Author:
Hu, Xiaojiao; Wang, Hongwu; Li, Kun; Liu, Xiaogang; Liu, Zhifang; Wu, Yujin; Li, Shuqiang; Huang, Changling
Source:
The crop journal 2021 v.9 no.2 pp. 476-486
ISSN:
2214-5141
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; accounting; agriculture; alternative splicing; binding sites; carbon; cell division; corn; ears; gene expression; genes; heterosis; hybrids; landscapes; microRNA; nitrogen metabolism; parents; protein synthesis; proteome; transcriptome;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Heterosis is a well-known phenomenon widely applied in agriculture. Recent studies have suggested that differential gene and protein expression between hybrids and their parents play important roles in heterosis. Alternative splicing (AS) is an essential posttranscriptional mechanism that can greatly affect the transcriptome and proteome diversity in plants. However, genome-wide AS divergence in h ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cj.2020.09.003

5. Maize BIG GRAIN1 homolog overexpression increases maize grain yield

Author:
Simmons, Carl R.; Weers, Benjamin P.; Reimann, Kellie S.; Abbitt, Shane E.; Frank, Mary J.; Wang, Wuyi; Wu, Jingrui; Shen, Bo; Habben, Jeffrey E.
Source:
Plant biotechnology journal 2020 v.18 no.11 pp. 2304-2315
ISSN:
1467-7644
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; biotechnology; corn; germplasm; grain yield; hybrids; plasma membrane; rice;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Zea Mays BIG GRAIN 1 HOMOLOG 1 (ZM‐BG1H1) was ectopically expressed in maize. Elite commercial hybrid germplasm was yield tested in diverse field environment locations representing commercial models. Yield was measured in 101 tests across all 4 events, 26 locations over 2 years, for an average yield gain of 355 kg/ha (5.65 bu/ac) above control, with 83% tests broadly showing yield gains (range ...
DOI:
10.1111/pbi.13392

6. Husk Leaf Senescence Characteristics of Spring Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivated in Two Row Directions and Three Plant Spacings in Northeast China

Author:
Liu, Shengqun; Gu, Yan; Wang, Xiaobo; Li, Xiangnan; Wang, Yang
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.8
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; abscisic acid; catalase; chlorophyll; corn; enzyme activity; leaves; superoxide dismutase; China;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Row direction and plant spacing influence crop senescence. An experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of row direction and plant spacing on the husk leaf senescence. Physiological indicators related to husk leaf senescence at days after silking (DAS) 12, 22, and 40 were investigated under two row directions (east to west and south to north, abbreviated as EW and SN, respectively) and three ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10081216

7. High-throughput corn ear screening method based on two-pathway convolutional neural network

Author:
Zhang, JiaJing; Ma, Qin; Cui, Xuelian; Guo, Hao; Wang, Ke; Zhu, DeHai
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2020 v.175 pp. 105525
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; artificial intelligence; corn; data collection; empirical research; image analysis; screening;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Screening corn ear is an important and time-consuming task in the process of corn seed production. Recently, Deep Learning plays a major role in learning image features, which has widely used in image classification tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel high-throughput method to screen corn ear at actual seed production factory based on the two-pathway convolution neural network. The two-pathwa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2020.105525

8. Flooding has more adverse effects on the stem structure and yield of spring maize (Zea mays L.) than waterlogging in Northeast China

Author:
Tian, Li-xin; Bi, Wen-shuang; Ren, Xiao-song; Li, Wen-long; Sun, Lei; Li, Jing
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2020 v.117 pp. 126054
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; agronomy; corn; field experimentation; grain yield; plant height; seedlings; China;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lodging is a major element restricting the yield and quality of spring maize (Zea mays L.). A 2-year field experiment was implemented to explore the effects of flooding and waterlogging stress on the vascular bundle structure, mechanical properties of the stem and yield of two spring maize hybrids, Demeiya1 (DMY1) and Keyu16 (KY16), in Northeast China. Flooding and waterlogging treatments were con ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2020.126054

9. Corn ear test using SIFT-based panoramic photography and machine vision technology

Author:
Zhang, Xinyi; Liu, Jiexin; Song, Huaibo
Source:
Artificial intelligence in agriculture 2020 v.4 pp. 162-171
ISSN:
2589-7217
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; algorithms; color; computer vision; corn; photography; plant breeding; seeds;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Corn ear test is important to modern corn breeding. The test indexes mainly include lengths, radiuses, rows and numbers of corn ears and the kernels they bear, which can benefit the study on breeding new and fine corn varieties. These corn traits are often collected by traditional manual measurement, which is difficult to meet the needs of high throughput corn ear test. In this study, image sequen ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aiia.2020.09.001

10. First Report of Fusarium fujikuroi Causing Leaf Spot of Dalbergia odorifera in China

Author:
Peng, J. T.; Chen, Y.; Zhou, G. Y.; Liu, J. A.
Source:
Plant disease 2021 v.105 no.3 pp. 703
ISSN:
0191-2917
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Dalbergia odorifera; Fusarium fujikuroi; Macleaya cordata; agar; alcohols; conidia; culture media; ear rot; economic valuation; fungi; genes; histones; hyphae; leaf spot; leaves; mitochondria; sequence homology; stainless steel; surveys; trees; China;     Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen is a national second-grade protected tree and one of the four famous trees in China, with high medicinal and economic value. Leaf spot disease in this plant can cause the leaves to dry up, perforate, or even fall off, which affects the growth and development and also has a great influence on its products. In May 2019, leaf spot of D. odorifera was found and observed in ...
DOI:
10.1094/PDIS-02-20-0364-PDN

11. Improving maize grain yield by formulating plant growth regulator strategies in North China

Author:
GONG, Li-sha; QU, Shu-jie; HUANG, Guan-min; GUO, Yu-ling; ZHANG, Ming-cai; LI, Zhao-hu; ZHOU, Yu-yi; DUAN, Liu-sheng
Source:
Journal of integrative agriculture 2021 v.20 no.2 pp. 622-632
ISSN:
2095-3119
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; agriculture; cell division; cellulose; center of gravity; corn; ethephon; grain yield; hemicellulose; leaf area; leaf area index; lignin; photosynthesis; plant growth; plant growth substances; plant height; strength (mechanics); China;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are artificially synthesized compounds that have become an important technical guarantee for agricultural production. EDAH (containing 27% ethephon and 3% DA-6) has been proven to inhibit stalk elongation, promote stalk bold and increase mechanical strength and number of vascular bundles. DA-6 could enhance plant photosynthetic capacity and promote cell division and ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63453-0

12. A novel plant growth regulator improves the grain yield of high-density maize crops by reducing stalk lodging and promoting a compact plant type

Author:
Huang, Guanmin; Liu, Yingru; Guo, Yuling; Peng, Chuanxi; Tan, Weiming; Zhang, Mingcai; Li, Zhaohu; Zhou, Yuyi; Duan, Liusheng
Source:
Field crops research 2021 v.260 pp. 107982
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; area; canopy; cellulose; chlorides; chlorophyll; corn; crushing; diameter; enzyme activity; field crops; gibberellins; grain yield; hybrids; internodes; leaves; length; light; lignin content; lodging; lodging resistance; oxygen; phosphorous acid; photosynthesis; research; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; spraying; weight;     Show all 29 Subjects
Abstract:
... Increasing the planting density (PD) of maize (Zea mays L.) crops is the most efficient method for enhancing maize grain yield, but supra-optimum PD leads to an increase in lodged maize, which alters the maize canopy structure. In this study, N, N-Diethyl-2-hexanoyl oxygen radicals-ethyl amine (2-ethyl chloride) phosphonic acid salt (DHEAP, a single compound), a novel plant growth regulator, was s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107982

13. Automatic kernel counting on maize ear using RGB images

Author:
Wu, Di; Cai, Zhen; Han, Jiwan; Qin, Huawei
Source:
Plant methods 2020 v.16 no.1 pp. 79
ISSN:
1746-4811
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; algorithms; breeding programs; color; computer vision; corn; field experimentation; fruits; lighting; seeds; solar radiation; China;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The number of kernels per ear is one of the major agronomic yield indicators for maize. Manual assessment of kernel traits can be time consuming and laborious. Moreover, manually acquired data can be influenced by subjective bias of the observer. Existing methods for counting of kernel number are often unstable and costly. Machine vision technology allows objective extraction of featur ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13007-020-00619-z

14. Maize senescence under contrasting source-sink ratios during the grain filling period

Author:
Abeledo, L. Gabriela; Savin, Roxana; Slafer, Gustavo A.
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2020 v.180 pp. 104263
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; corn; defoliation; environmental factors; filling period; leaf area; leaves; longevity; photosynthesis; pollination; sowing date;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Grain growth and leaf senescence are the main processes during post-silking in maize. An unanswered question is how changes in sink strength (the number of grains to be filled) affect leaf senescence. We studied the effect of changes in the source-sink ratio during grain filling on the dynamics of green leaf area and photosynthetic rate. Maize plants were exposed to ear removal, pollination preven ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104263

15. Key indicators affecting maize stalk lodging resistance of different growth periods under different sowing dates

Author:
WANG, Qun; XUE, Jun; CHEN, Jiang-lu; FAN, Ying-hu; ZHANG, Guo-qiang; XIE, Rui-zhi; MING, Bo; HOU, Peng; WANG, Ke-ru; LI, Shao-kun
Source:
Journal of integrative agriculture 2020 v.19 no.10 pp. 2419-2428
ISSN:
2095-3119
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; agriculture; center of gravity; corn; corn stover; filling period; maturity stage; plant height; risk; strength (mechanics); water content;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The accurate evaluation of maize stalk lodging resistance in different growth periods enables timely management of lodging risks and ensures stable and high maize yields. Here, we established five different sowing dates to create different conditions for maize growth. We evaluated the effects of the different growth conditions on lodging resistance by determining stalk morphology, moisture content ...
DOI:
10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63259-2

16. Using public databases for genomic prediction of tropical maize lines

Author:
Pinho Morais, Pedro Patric; Akdemir, Deniz; Braatz de Andrade, Luciano Rogério; Jannink, Jean‐Luc; Fritsche‐Neto, Roberto; Borém, Aluízio; Couto Alves, Filipe; Hottis Lyra, Danilo; Granato, Ítalo Stefanine Correia
Source:
Plant breeding 2020 v.139 no.4 pp. 697-707
ISSN:
0179-9541
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; USDA; corn; data collection; databases; genomics; information; introduced plants; paper; phenotype; plant breeding; population structure; prediction; Brazil;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this paper, the aims were (a) to test the usefulness of using genomic and phenotypic information from public databases (open access) to predict genetic values for tropical maize inbred lines regarding plant and ear height; (b) to identify how the population structure, the use of optimized training sets (OTSs) and the amount of information originating from public databases affect the predictive ...
DOI:
10.1111/pbr.12827

17. Traits of plant morphology, stalk mechanical strength, and biomass accumulation in the selection of lodging-resistant maize cultivars

Author:
Xue, Jun; Gao, Shang; Fan, Yinghu; Li, Lulu; Ming, Bo; Wang, Keru; Xie, Ruizhi; Hou, Peng; Li, Shaokun
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2020 v.117 pp. 126073
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; agronomy; biomass production; corn; cultivars; plant height; plant morphology; strength (mechanics); water content; China;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lodging resistance is a major desired trait in modern maize breeding. Identifying parameters to evaluate lodging resistance could help crop breeders develop maize cultivars with improved lodging resistance. Thirty-four summer maize cultivars currently planted in China were grown in 2017 and 2018 in order to identify relationships between stalk and root lodging resistance and to analyze the main re ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2020.126073

18. Integrated Meta-QTL and Genome-Wide Association Study Analyses Reveal Candidate Genes for Maize Yield

Author:
Wang, Yijun; Wang, Yali; Wang, Xin; Deng, Dexiang
Source:
Journal of plant growth regulation 2020 v.39 no.1 pp. 229-238
ISSN:
0721-7595
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Zea mays; chromosome mapping; corn; crop yield; domestication; genes; genome-wide association study; loci; meristems; quantitative trait loci;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Crop yield is of a quantitative nature. Two complementary approaches linkage mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS) have been employed for the identification of loci influencing maize yield. In previous research, we meta-analyzed QTL for maize yield. Here, we tried to integrate meta-QTL and GWAS analyses to dissect candidate genes for maize yield. A total of seven candidate genes were de ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00344-019-09977-y

19. Leaf Removal Affects Maize Morphology and Grain Yield

Author:
Liu, Guangzhou; Yang, Yunshan; Liu, Wanmao; Guo, Xiaoxia; Xue, Jun; Xie, Ruizhi; Ming, Bo; Wang, Keru; Hou, Peng; Li, Shaokun
Source:
Agronomy 2020 v.10 no.2
ISSN:
2073-4395
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; canopy; corn; cultivars; field experimentation; grain yield; leaf area; leaf area index; leaves; photosynthesis; plant density; planting density;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Increasing planting density is an important practice associated with increases in maize yield, but densely planted maize can suffer from poor light conditions. In our two-year field experiments, two morphologically different cultivars, ZD958 (less compact) and DH618 (more compact), were planted at 120,000 plants ha⁻¹ and 135,000 plants ha⁻¹, respectively. We established different leaf area index ( ...
DOI:
10.3390/agronomy10020269

20. Effects of tillage on growth, yield and root lodging of six maize hybrids in upland fields converted from paddy fields in Andosol

Author:
Shinoto, Yoshiya; Matsunami, Toshinori; Otani, Ryuji; Maruyama, Sachio
Source:
Plant production science 2020 v.23 no.1 pp. 39-47
ISSN:
1349-1008
Subject:
corn ears,   etc   ; Andosols; corn; culms; grain yield; highlands; hybrids; paddies; plant height; soil depth; soil penetration resistance;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... We investigated the effects of tillage on growth, grain yield and root lodging of maize hybrids in upland fields converted from paddy fields in Andosol of northern Tohoku. Six hybrids were grown with rotary tilling or plowing (chisel plowing plus power harrow) in 2016 and 2017. Soil penetration resistance was higher in plowing than in rotary tilling under a soil depth of 5 cm. There were no signif ...
DOI:
10.1080/1343943X.2019.1693277