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1. The Secret Life of lncRNAs: Conserved, yet Not Conserved

Author:
Sharma, Harshita; Carninci, Piero
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.3 pp. 512-514
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; evolution; humans; mice;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Guo and colleagues discover a new layer of complexity to the lncRNA evolution where positionally conserved lncRNAs in human ESCs are broadly spliced and exported to the cytoplasm contrary to their mouse counterpart that are predominantly unspliced and nuclear retained. Distinct processing leads to species-specific lncRNA function in pluripotency maintenance. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.012

2. Unique Dynamics of Paramylon Storage in the Marine Euglenozoan Diplonema papillatum

Author:
Škodová-Sveráková, Ingrid; Prokopchuk, Galina; Peña-Diaz, Priscila; Záhonová, Kristína; Moos, Martin; Horváth, Anton; Šimek, Petr; Lukeš, Julius
Source:
Protist 2020 v.171 no.2 pp. 125717
ISSN:
1434-4610
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Euglenozoa; beta-glucans; ecosystems; energy; nutrients; polymers; protists;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Diplonemids belong to the most diverse and abundant marine protists, which places them among the key players of the oceanic ecosystem. Under in vitro conditions, their best-known representative Diplonema papillatum accumulates in its cytoplasm a crystalline polymer. When grown under the nutrient-poor conditions, but not nutrient-rich conditions, D. papillatum synthesizes a β-1,3-glucan polymer, al ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.protis.2020.125717

3. Intracellular Positioning Systems Limit the Entropic Eviction of Secondary Replicons Toward the Nucleoid Edges in Bacterial Cells

Author:
Planchenault, Charlène; Pons, Marine C.; Schiavon, Caroline; Siguier, Patricia; Rech, Jérôme; Guynet, Catherine; Dauverd–Girault, Julie; Cury, Jean; Rocha, Eduardo P.C.; Junier, Ivan; Cornet, François; Espéli, Olivier
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2020 v.432 no.3 pp. 745-761
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; bacteria; chromosomes; genes; microbial physiology; plasmids; replicon;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bacterial genomes, organized intracellularly as nucleoids, are composed of the main chromosome coexisting with different types of secondary replicons. Secondary replicons are major drivers of bacterial adaptation by gene exchange. They are highly diverse in type and size, ranging from less than 2 to more than 1000 kb, and must integrate with bacterial physiology, including to the nucleoid dynamics ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2019.11.027

4. Passing Through

Author:
McKnight, Steven L.
Source:
Trends in biochemical sciences 2019 v.44 no.11 pp. 899-901
ISSN:
0968-0004
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; messenger RNA; translation (genetics);     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... mRNAs move to the right place in cells to facilitate localized translation. The pathway of mRNA movement involves nuclear and cytoplasmic puncta not surrounded by investing membranes. Discoveries reported by Hondele et al. explain how mRNA molecules can be passed from one puncta to another, forming a relay that directs mRNAs to their proper location. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2019.09.004

5. Biomacromolecular fluorescent nanoparticles co-assembled by bovine serum albumin and DNA segments for living cell imaging

Author:
Sun, Si; Xiao, Qian-Ru; Ye, Cui-Fang; Jiang, Yong
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2020 v.603 pp. 125255
ISSN:
0927-7757
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; DNA; bioimaging; bovine serum albumin; cost effectiveness; engineering; fluorescence; human cell lines; nanoparticles; Michigan;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fluorescent nanoparticles have been widely used in the field of biomedical engineering because they are usually biocompatible, cost-effective and homogeneously uniform. In this study, we describe a biomacromolecular fluorescent nanoparticle prepared with a facile disolvating process using bovine serum albumin, DNA segments and SYBR Green I. The obtained co-assemblies, termed DNA@BSA nanoparticles, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125255

6. Aptamer AS1411 utilized for super-resolution imaging of nucleolin

Author:
Jing, Yingying; Cai, Mingjun; Zhou, Lulu; Jiang, Junguang; Gao, Jing; Wang, Hongda
Source:
Talanta 2020 v.217 pp. 121037
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; antibodies; cell membranes; cell nucleolus; detergents; image analysis; neoplasm cells; neoplasms; oligonucleotides; permeability; physiology; proteins;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional protein that mainly localizes in the nucleolus and also distributes in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm and cell membrane. Most studies focus on its biofunctions in cell activities and diseases, however, its detailed distribution and organization pattern in situ remains obscure. Moreover, antibodies were commonly used to investigate NCL in cells. It is worth noting t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121037

7. A Slippery Scaffold: Synthesis and Recycling of the Bacterial Cell Wall Carrier Lipid

Author:
Workman, Sean D.; Strynadka, Natalie C.J.
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2020 v.432 no.18 pp. 4964-4982
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; alkyl (aryl) transferases; bacteria; biosynthesis; cell walls; dephosphorylation; lipids; oligosaccharides; peptidoglycans; phosphates; plasma membrane;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The biosynthesis of bacterial cell envelope polysaccharides such as peptidoglycan relies on the use of a dedicated carrier lipid both for the assembly of precursors at the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane and for the translocation of lipid linked oligosaccharides across the plasma membrane into the periplasmic space. This dedicated carrier lipid, undecaprenyl phosphate, results from the dep ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2020.03.025

8. Oxidative Stress Response Is Mediated by Overexpression and Spatiotemporal Regulation of Caveolin-1

Author:
Goutas, Andreas; Papathanasiou, Ioanna; Mourmoura, Evanthia; Tsesmelis, Konstantinos; Tsezou, Aspasia; Trachana, Varvara
Source:
Antioxidants 2020 v.9 no.8
ISSN:
2076-3921
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; DNA damage; chondrocytes; etiology; osteoarthritis; oxidative stress; pathophysiology; patients; plasma membrane; stress response; structural proteins;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Oxidative stress (OS) has been linked to the aetiology of many diseases including osteoarthritis (OA). Recent studies have shown that caveolin-1—a structural protein of plasma membrane’s caveolae—is upregulated in response to OS. Here, we explore the function of caveolin-1 in chondrocytes derived from healthy individuals (control) and OA patients that were subjected to exogenous OS. We showed that ...
DOI:
10.3390/antiox9080766

9. Pullulan biosynthesis in yeast-like fungal cells is regulated by the transcriptional activator Msn2 and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway

Author:
Yang, Guang; Liu, Guang-Lei; Wang, Shu-Jun; Chi, Zhen-Ming; Chi, Zhe
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2020 v.157 pp. 591-603
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Aureobasidium; biosynthesis; fungi; gene expression; genes; lipids; phosphorylase; pullulan; signal transduction; transactivators;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pullulan is an important polysaccharide. Although its synthetic pathway in Aureobasidium melanogenum has been elucidated, the mechanism underlying its biosynthesis as regulated by signaling pathway and transcriptional regulator is still unknown. In this study, it was found that the expression of the UGP1 gene encoding UDPG-pyrophosphorylase (Ugp1) and other genes which were involved in pullulan bi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.174

10. The circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) and its regulation in cancer progression: Review

Author:
Xie, Yimin; Yuan, Xuefeng; Zhou, Weimin; Kosiba, Anthony Adebayiga; Shi, Haifeng; Gu, Jie; Qin, Zhenqian
Source:
Life sciences 2020 v.254 pp. 117252
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; circular RNA; eukaryotic cells; humans; neoplasm progression; neoplasms; protein kinases;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of covalently closed continuous loops of single-stranded RNA molecules, and broadly expressed in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs have attracted considerable research attention in recent years, an attention primarily attributed to their critical roles in the development and progression of diseases, especially in cancers. The circRNA homeodomain-inter ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117252

11. ZEB and Snail expression indicates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in canine melanoma

Author:
Veloso, Emerson Soares; Gonçalves, Ivy Nayra Nascimento; Silveira, Tatiany Luiza; Espirito Santo, Juliane Taynar; Figueiredo, Larissa Vieira; Varaschin, Mary Suzan; Cassali, Geovanni Dantas; Del Puerto, Helen Lima; Ferreira, Enio
Source:
Research in veterinary science 2020 v.131 pp. 7-14
ISSN:
0034-5288
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; cadherins; cell adhesion; cell membranes; dogs; epithelium; melanoma; neoplasm cells; protein synthesis; transcription factors;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Melanoma progression is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) when tumor cells reduce E-cadherin and increase N-cadherin expression resulting in an escape from the microenvironment via loss of cellular adhesion and gain of motility. Transcription factor proteins Snail and ZEB trigger EMT by repression of epithelial markers and activation of mesenchymal properties. This study ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.04.007

12. Analysis of localization of cell-cycle regulators in Neurospora crassa

Author:
Kuwabara, Kazuki; Yoshihara, Ryouhei; Hatakeyama, Shin; Tanaka, Shuuitsu
Source:
Fungal biology 2020 v.124 no.7 pp. 613-618
ISSN:
1878-6146
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Neurospora crassa; cell cycle; cyclin-dependent kinase; cyclins; fluorescence; fungi; heterokaryon; models;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Most fungi are multinucleated organisms. In some fungi, they have asynchronous nuclei in the same cytoplasm. We analyzed a cell-cycle regulation mechanism using a model fungus Neurospora crassa, which can make heterokaryon cells. G1/S cyclin CLN-1 and cyclin-dependent kinase CDC-2 were tagged with different fluorescence in different strains and expressed. By forming a heterokaryon strain of these, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.funbio.2020.02.017

13. High-resolution imaging of living gut mucosa: lymphocyte clusters beneath intestinal M cells are highly dynamic structures

Author:
Fischer, Tobias; Klinger, Antje; von Smolinski, Dorthe; Orzekowsky-Schroeder, Regina; Nitzsche, Falk; Bölke, Torsten; Vogel, Alfred; Hüttmann, Gereon; Gebert, Andreas
Source:
Cell and tissue research 2020 v.380 no.3 pp. 539-546
ISSN:
0302-766X
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Peyer's patches; antigens; epithelial cells; image analysis; immune response; intestinal mucosa; lymphocytes; microscopy; small intestine;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the Peyer’s patches of the small intestine, specialized epithelial cells, the membranous (M) cells, sample antigenic matter from the gut lumen and bring it into contact with cells of the immune system, which are then capable of initiating specific immune reactions. Using autofluorescence 2-photon (A2P) microscopy, we imaged living intestinal mucosa at a 0.5-μm resolution. We identified individu ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00441-020-03167-z

14. Photodynamic inactivation of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis with aluminum phthalocyanine chloride nanoemulsion

Author:
Rodrigues, Gabriela Braga; Brancini, Guilherme Thomaz Pereira; Pinto, Marcelo Rodrigues; Primo, Fernando Lucas; Wainwright, Mark; Tedesco, Antonio Claudio; Braga, Gilberto Úbida Leite
Source:
Fungal biology 2020 v.124 no.5 pp. 297-303
ISSN:
1878-6146
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Candida albicans; Candida tropicalis; cell viability; chlorides; fluorescence microscopy; fungi; nanoemulsions; organometallic compounds; photosensitivity;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The in vitro susceptibilities of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis to Antimicrobial Photodynamic Treatment with aluminum phthalocyanine chloride in nanoemulsion (ClAlPc/NE) were investigated. PS concentration- and fluence-dependent cell survival after APDT were compared before and after unbound extracellular PS had been washed out. The PS uptake and its subcellular localization were also det ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.funbio.2019.08.004

15. Synthetic metabolic channel by functional membrane microdomains for compartmentalized flux control

Author:
Lv, Xueqin; Wu, Yaokang; Tian, Rongzhen; Gu, Yang; Liu, Yanfeng; Li, Jianghua; Du, Guocheng; Ledesma-Amaro, Rodrigo; Liu, Long
Source:
Metabolic engineering 2020 v.59 pp. 106-118
ISSN:
1096-7176
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Bacillus subtilis; N-acetylglucosamine; bacteria; biochemical pathways; enzymes; fermentation; plasma membrane;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The anchoring of metabolic pathway enzymes to spatial scaffolds can significantly improve their reaction efficiency. Here, we successfully constructed a multi-enzyme complex assembly system able to enhance bioproduction in bacteria by using the endogenous spatial scaffolds─functional membrane microdomains (FMMs). First, using VA-TIRFM and SPT analysis, we reveal that FMMs possess high temporal and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ymben.2020.02.003

16. A cell-based boundary model of gastrulation by unipolar ingression in the hydrozoan cnidarian Clytia hemisphaerica

Author:
van der Sande, Maarten; Kraus, Yulia; Houliston, Evelyn; Kaandorp, Jaap
Source:
Developmental biology 2020 v.460 no.2 pp. 176-186
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Hydrozoa; cell adhesion; cell polarity; endoderm; gastrulation; models; proteins; pseudopodia;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In Cnidaria, modes of gastrulation to produce the two body layers vary greatly between species. In the hydrozoan species Clytia hemisphaerica gastrulation involves unipolar ingression of presumptive endoderm cells from an oral domain of the blastula, followed by migration of these cells to fill the blastocoel with concomitant narrowing of the gastrula and elongation along the oral-aboral axis. We ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.12.012

17. Intracellular Photoactivation of Caspase-3 by Molecular Glues for Spatiotemporal Apoptosis Induction

Author:
Hentzen, Nina B.; Mogaki, Rina; Otake, Saya; Okuro, Kou; Aida, Takuzo
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2020 v.142 no.18 pp. 8080-8084
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; adhesives; apoptosis; caspase-3; guanidinium; irradiation; near infrared radiation; plasma membrane;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Caspase-3 (Casp-3) is an enzyme that efficiently induces apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death. We report a dendritic molecular glue ᴾCGlue that enables intracellular delivery of Casp-3 and its photoactivation. ᴾCGlue carrying multiple guanidinium (Gu⁺) ion pendants via photocleavable linkages can tightly adhere to Casp-3 and deliver it into the cytoplasm mainly by direct penetration through ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.0c01823

18. Intracellular Localization of Mycoplasma bovis in the Bronchiolar Epithelium of Experimentally Infected Calves

Author:
Nunoya, T.; Omori, T.; Tomioka, H.; Umeda, F.; Suzuki, T.; Uetsuka, K.
Source:
Journal of comparative pathology 2020 v.176 pp. 14-18
ISSN:
0021-9975
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Mycoplasma bovis; antigens; bronchiolitis; calves; epithelial cells; epithelium; hyperplasia; immunohistochemistry; lungs; phagocytes;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lung tissues from calves infected experimentally with Mycoplasma bovis were examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. All inoculated calves had dark red areas of consolidation affecting both left and right lungs, which were characterized microscopically by subacute purulent bronchiolitis with hyperplasia of the surrounding lymphoid tissue. Immunohistochemically, M. bovis antigen wa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.01.005

19. Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins Participate in Hepatitis E Virus Replication

Author:
Pingale, Kunal D.; Kanade, Gayatri D.; Karpe, Yogesh A.
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2020 v.432 no.7 pp. 2369-2387
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Orthohepevirus A; RNA; RNA-directed RNA polymerase; genomics; promoter regions; ribonucleoproteins; virus replication;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Coordinated assembly of viral and host factors is essential for the successful propagation of viruses as well as the generation of host antiviral response. Previous studies from our group, as well as from other groups, have identified host proteins interacting with various components of the hepatitis E virus (HEV). However, the functional relevance of host protein interactions in HEV replication c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2020.02.025

20. Nucleoporin 160 Regulates Flowering through Anchoring HOS1 for Destabilizing CO in Arabidopsis

Author:
Li, Chunying; Liu, Lu; Teo, Zhi Wei Norman; Shen, Lisha; Yu, Hao
Source:
Plant communications 2020 v.1 no.2 pp. 100033
ISSN:
2590-3462
Subject:
cytoplasm,   etc   ; Arabidopsis; flowering; gene expression regulation; nuclear pore; nucleoporins; ubiquitin-protein ligase;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which comprise multiple copies of nucleoporins (Nups), are large protein assemblies embedded in the nuclear envelope connecting the nucleus and cytoplasm. Although it has been known that Nups affect flowering in Arabidopsis, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that loss of function of Nucleoporin 160 (Nup160) leads to increased abundance of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100033