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1. Assessing ageing patterns for comparative analyses of mortality curves: Going beyond the use of maximum longevity

Author:
Ronget, Victor; Gaillard, Jean‐Michel
Source:
Functional ecology 2020 v.34 no.1 pp. 65-75
ISSN:
0269-8463
Subject:
death,   etc   ; genomics; longevity; mammals; mortality;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... An increasing number of studies have investigated the diversity of actuarial senescence (i.e. the increase of mortality with age) and mortality patterns in the wild. Most of these studies used maximum longevity as a metric, and only some of them were based on the analysis of mortality or survival curves. However, maximum longevity is not a reliable metric to assess mortality patterns. Two types of ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2435.13474

2. Analysis of different post mortem assessment methods for cerebral edema

Author:
Bauer, Melanie; Gerlach, Kathrin; Scheurer, Eva; Lenz, Claudia
Source:
Forensic science international 2020 v.308 pp. 110164
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
death,   etc   ; atrophy; edema; forensic sciences; necropsy; skull;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... While cerebral edema is a live-threatening condition in living persons, also an edema-like fluid redistribution can occur post mortem. In deceased, usually macroscopic signs are evaluated during autopsy in order to determine the presence or absence of cerebral edema.As a quantitative and objective classification is beneficial, an already existing method (Radojevic et al., 2017), which is based on ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110164

3. Neodymium-containing contrast induces mummification of neutrophil granulocytes

Author:
Pleskova, Svetlana; Kryukov, Ruslan; Boryakov, Alexey; Gorshkova, Ekaterina
Source:
Environmental pollution 2020 v.258 pp. 113664
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
cell death,   etc   ; calcium; lanthanides; medicine; neutrophils;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recently, chemical compounds containing lanthanides were used in various fields of biology and medicine. It has been described that such compounds can be applied in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to increase the contrast and simplify the sample preparation process due to the process of replacing calcium with lanthanides in cell. However cell death by different mechanisms under influence of lan ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113664

4. The dead cell ratio of bacteria in sludge flocs as an indicator of sludge reduction in sludge ozone process

Author:
Hashimoto, Kurumi; Marushima, Toru; Nakai, Satoshi; Nishijima, Wataru; Motoshige, Hiroshi
Source:
Biochemical engineering journal 2020 v.154 pp. 107427
ISSN:
1369-703X
Subject:
death,   etc   ; analytical methods; ozone; propidium; sludge; staining;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... A quantitative analytical method to determine the dead cell ratio of bacteria (death ratio) in sludge was developed for evaluating technologies and determining a sufficient amount of ozone for the sludge ozone process. The method with SYTO9 and propidium iodide as staining agents for live and dead cells, respectively, was optimized. The death ratio developed in this study could successfully predic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bej.2019.107427

5. Regan’s Lifeboat Case and the Additive Assumption

Author:
Kary, Daniel
Source:
Journal of agricultural & environmental ethics 2020 v.33 no.1 pp. 127-143
ISSN:
1187-7863
Subject:
death,   etc   ; animal welfare; dogs; ethics; humans;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the Case for Animal Rights, Tom Regan considers a scenario where one must choose between killing either a human being or any number of dogs by throwing them from a lifeboat. Regan chooses the human being. His justification for this prescription is that the human being will suffer a greater harm from death than any of the dogs would. This prescription has met opposition on the grounds that the c ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10806-019-09817-9

6. Numerical analysis of steering instability in an agricultural tractor induced by bouncing and sliding

Author:
Watanabe, Masahisa; Sakai, Kenshi
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2020 v.192 pp. 108-116
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
death,   etc   ; accidents; farmers; farming systems; friction; landscapes; models; tractors; Japan;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tractor overturning is a leading cause of fatalities for farmers. In Japan, small tractors are used for farming on harsh terrain, such as slippery fields and steep passage slopes. On such potentially dangerous terrain, steering instability induced by bouncing and sliding can cause tractor overturning accidents. Steering instability can also deteriorate the precision of trajectory tracking in auton ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2020.01.014

7. A model for the evaluation of fatality likelihood associated with falls from heights

Author:
Spearpoint, Michael; Hopkin, Charlie
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 v.112 pp. 102973
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
death,   etc   ; accidents; adults; fire safety; probabilistic models; probability analysis;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The likelihood of a fatality associated with of a fall from height depends on factors such as the distance fallen, the age of the casualty and the impact surface. In this work a review of the literature and an examination of the energy involved in a fall has been used to formulate an empirical approach to predict the likelihood of a fatal outcome using these three features. The predictive capabili ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.102973

8. Metabolite Repair Enzymes Control Metabolic Damage in Glycolysis

Author:
Bommer, Guido T.; Van Schaftingen, Emile; Veiga-da-Cunha, Maria
Source:
Trends in biochemical sciences 2020 v.45 no.3 pp. 228-243
ISSN:
0968-0004
Subject:
death,   etc   ; biochemical pathways; enzymes; glycolysis; humans; metabolites; mice; toxicity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hundreds of metabolic enzymes work together smoothly in a cell. These enzymes are highly specific. Nevertheless, under physiological conditions, many perform side-reactions at low rates, producing potentially toxic side-products. An increasing number of metabolite repair enzymes are being discovered that serve to eliminate these noncanonical metabolites. Some of these enzymes are extraordinarily c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2019.07.004

9. Using postmortem formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissues for molecular testing of sudden cardiac death: A cautionary tale of utility and limitations

Author:
Lin, Ying; Gryazeva, Tatyana; Wang, Dawei; Zhou, Bo; Um, Sung Yon; Eng, Lucy S.; Ruiter, Kevin; Rojas, Lisa; Williams, Nori; Sampson, Barbara A.; Tang, Yingying
Source:
Forensic science international 2020 v.308 pp. 110177
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
death,   etc   ; DNA; DNA libraries; formalin; genes; tissues; New York;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... For archived cases of previously young healthy individuals where cause of sudden death remains undetermined, formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) samples are often the only biological resource available for molecular testing. We aim to ascertain the validity of postmortem molecular analysis of 95 cardiac genes using the FFPE samples routinely processed in the offices of medical examiner ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110177

10. The effects of iron overload on mitochondrial function, mitochondrial dynamics, and ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes

Author:
Sumneang, Natticha; Siri-Angkul, Natthaphat; Kumfu, Sirinart; Chattipakorn, Siriporn C.; Chattipakorn, Nipon
Source:
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 2020 v.680 pp. 108241
ISSN:
0003-9861
Subject:
cell death,   etc   ; cardiomyocytes; cardiomyopathy; hemochromatosis; iron; mitochondria; patients;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Excessive iron accumulation in the heart can lead to iron overload cardiomyopathy (IOC), the leading cause of death in hemochromatosis patients. Current understanding regarding the mechanism by which iron overload causes a deterioration in cardiac performance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired mitochondrial dynamics remains limited. Ferroptosis, a newly identified form of regulated cell deat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.abb.2019.108241

11. Timeliness and equity of infant pertussis vaccination in wales: Analysis of the three dose primary course

Author:
Perry, Malorie; McGowan, Anne; Roberts, Richard; Cottrell, Simon
Source:
Vaccine 2020 v.38 no.6 pp. 1402-1407
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
death,   etc   ; children; infants; maternal immunity; monitoring; risk; vaccination; vaccines; Wales;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Infants aged under one year are at the highest risk of severe complications or death from pertussis infection. Prompt vaccination with a three dose course at two, three and four months of age decreases the amount of time they are vulnerable following waning of maternal antibodies. In Wales, uptake of all three doses of the primary course of pertussis containing vaccine is high. However, timeliness ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.001

12. Distribution of quetiapine and metabolites in biological fluids and tissues

Author:
Vignali, Claudia; Freni, Francesca; Magnani, Camilla; Moretti, Matteo; Siodambro, Chiara; Groppi, Angelo; Osculati, Antonio Marco Maria; Morini, Luca
Source:
Forensic science international 2020 v.307 pp. 110108
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
death,   etc   ; antipsychotics; blood; metabolites; poisoning; quantitative analysis; tissues; toxicity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug, frequently found in post-mortem samples. The quantitative determination of active metabolites may help in the interpretation of the potential toxic effects of the parent drug and its role in death. A fully validated LC–MS/MS method was developed for the identification and quantification of quetiapine and two main metabolites (N-desalkylquetiapine and 7 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.110108

13. The death of Charlotte Brontë from hyperemesis gravidarum and refeeding syndrome: A new perspective

Author:
Allison, Simon P.; Lobo, Dileep N.
Source:
Clinical nutrition 2020 v.39 no.1 pp. 304-305
ISSN:
0261-5614
Subject:
death,   etc   ; anorexia; nausea; refeeding syndrome; remission; tuberculosis; vomiting;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many theories have been advanced concerning the cause of Charlotte Brontë's death, none of which fully explain all the symptoms she experienced in the course of her final illness. Her death certificate records the cause of death as phthisis (tuberculosis), but there is no evidence, other than circumstantial, to support this diagnosis. A diagnosis of Addison's disease, caused by tuberculosis of the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.clnu.2019.01.027

14. Glutathione catabolism by Treponema denticola impacts its pathogenic potential

Author:
Chu, Lianrui; Wu, Yimin; Xu, Xiaoping; Phillips, Linda; Kolodrubetz, David
Source:
Anaerobe 2020 v.62 pp. 102170
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
cell death; death,   etc   ; Treponema denticola; bacteria; fibroblasts; gamma-glutamyltransferase; genes; glutathione; humans; hydrogen sulfide; metabolism; mice; models; mutagenesis; mutants; pathogenicity; pathogens; periodontitis;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Treponema denticola is a spirochete that is etiologic for periodontal diseases. This bacterium is one of two periodontal pathogens that have been shown to have a complete three step enzymatic pathway (GTSP) that catabolizes glutathione to H₂S. This pathway may contribute to the tissue pathology seen in periodontitis since diseased periodontal pockets have lower glutathione levels than healthy site ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102170
PubMed:
32044394
PubMed Central:
PMC7153967

15. Causes of mortality in northern elephant seal pups on San Miguel Island, California

Author:
Spraker, Terry R.; Kuzmina, Tetiana A.; DeLong, Robert L.
Source:
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2020 v.32 no.2 pp. 312-316
ISSN:
1943-4936
Subject:
death; fetal death,   etc   ; Escherichia coli; Mirounga angustirostris; Streptococcus; bacterial infections; congenital abnormalities; emaciation; hepatitis; histology; liver; lungs; mortality; muscular diseases; necropsy; neonates; pneumonia; pups; starvation; California;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... In February 2015, we conducted a field study of causes of mortality of northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) pups on San Miguel Island, California. Autopsies were performed on 18 freshly dead pups. Ages of pups ranged from stillborn to 6–8 wk. Gross and histologic lesions included trauma (9 of 18 pups), multifocal necrotizing myopathy (8 of 18), starvation with emaciation (7 of 18), con ...
DOI:
10.1177/1040638720907100
PubMed:
32081093
PubMed Central:
PMC7081505

16. A novel rind puncture technique to measure rind thickness and diameter in plant stalks

Author:
Seegmiller, Will H.; Graves, Jadzia; Robertson, Daniel J.
Source:
Plant methods 2020 v.16 no.1 pp. 44
ISSN:
1746-4811
Subject:
death,   etc   ; Conium maculatum; biomechanics; cost effectiveness; culms; grain crops; image analysis; lodging; photographs;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Measurements of rind and culm thickness and stem radius/diameter are important to biomechanical, ecological and physiological plant studies. However, many methods of measuring rind thickness and diameter are labor intensive and induce plant fatality. A novel rind puncture methodology for obtaining measurements of rind thickness and diameter has been developed. The suitability of the ne ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13007-020-00587-4
PubMed:
32266000
PubMed Central:
PMC7110687

17. Advancements in understanding the role of lysophospholipids and their receptors in lung disorders including bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Author:
Sudhadevi, Tara; Ha, Alison W.; Ebenezer, David L.; Fu, Panfeng; Putherickal, Vijay; Natarajan, Viswanathan; Harijith, Anantha
Source:
Biochimica et biophysica acta 2020 v.1865 no.7 pp. 158685
ISSN:
1388-1981
Subject:
cell death,   etc   ; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; cell viability; etiology; immune response; infants; lipids; lungs; morbidity; receptors;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a devastating chronic neonatal lung disease leading to serious adverse consequences. Nearly 15 million babies are born preterm accounting for >1 in 10 births globally. The aetiology of BPD is multifactorial and the survivors suffer lifelong respiratory morbidity. Lysophospholipids (LPL), which include sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158685
PubMed:
32169655
PubMed Central:
PMC7206974

18. Recent flood hazards in Kashmir put into context with millennium-long historical and tree-ring records

Author:
Ballesteros-Cánovas, Juan Antonio; Koul, Tasaduq; Bashir, Ahmad; del Pozo, Jose Maria Bodoque; Allen, Simon; Guillet, Sebastien; Rashid, Irfan; Alamgir, Shabeer H.; Shah, Mutayib; Bhat, M. Sultan; Alam, Akhtar; Stoffel, Markus
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.722 pp. 137875
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
death,   etc   ; disasters; financial economics; floods; growth rings; historical records; probability; watershed management; India;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In September 2014, the Kashmir valley (north-west India) experienced a massive flood causing significant economic losses and fatalities. This disaster underlined the high vulnerability of the local population and raised questions regarding the resilience of Kashmiris to future floods. Although the magnitude of the 2014 flood has been considered unprecedented within the context of existing measurem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137875

19. Seismic assessment of the Weihe Graben, central China: Insights from geomorphological analyses and 10Be-derived catchment denudation rates

Author:
He, Chuanqi; Yang, Ci-Jian; Rao, Gang; Yuan, Xiao-Ping; Roda-Boluda, Duna C.; Cheng, Yali; Yang, Rong; Zhang, Li; Yao, Qi
Source:
Geomorphology 2020 v.359 pp. 107151
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
death,   etc   ; earthquakes; geophysics; landscapes; mountains; piedmont; risk assessment; streams; tectonics; topography; watersheds; China;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The tectonic activity and potential for linkage of adjacent active faults are crucial for seismic assessment. As the two largest faults that bound the Weihe Graben (central China), the Qinling Northern Piedmont Fault (QNF, ~200 km) and the Huashan Piedmont Fault (HPF, ~150 km) are mainly responsible for seismic risk in this densely-populated area, where the 1556 M 8.5 Huaxian earthquake occurred w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107151

20. Can atmospheric pollution be considered a co-factor in extremely high level of SARS-CoV-2 lethality in Northern Italy?

Author:
Conticini, Edoardo; Frediani, Bruno; Caro, Dario
Source:
Environmental pollution 2020 v.261 pp. 114465
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
death,   etc   ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; acute respiratory distress syndrome; air pollution; pollutants; viruses; Italy;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper investigates the correlation between the high level of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lethality and the atmospheric pollution in Northern Italy. Indeed, Lombardy and Emilia Romagna are Italian regions with both the highest level of virus lethality in the world and one of Europe’s most polluted area. Based on this correlation, this paper analyzes the possibl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114465
PubMed:
32268945
PubMed Central:
PMC7128509