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1. Cryptic sexual dimorphism reveals differing selection pressures on continental islands

Author:
Ó Marcaigh, Fionn; Kelly, David J.; Analuddin, Kangkuso; Karya, Adi; Lawless, Naomi; Marples, Nicola M.
Source:
Biotropica 2021 v.53 no.1 pp. 121-129
ISSN:
0006-3606
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; morphometry; niches; Indonesia;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Birds are well known for their sexual dimorphism. But not all forms of dimorphism are the same, and differences in morphology can be so subtle that they are not detected by casual observation. We report that this is the case with the Sulawesi Babbler (Pellorneum celebense), the first reported instance of sexual dimorphism in this species or any of the ground babblers of the South‐East Asian island ...
DOI:
10.1111/btp.12852

2. A New, Sexually Dimorphic Species of Cylloepus Erichson from Brazil (Coleoptera: Elmidae)

Author:
Shepard, William D.; Sites, Robert W.; Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
Source:
TheColeopterists' bulletin 2021 v.75 no.1 pp. 270-274
ISSN:
0010-065X
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Elmidae; new species; Brazil;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cylloepus dimorphus Shepard, Sites, and Rodrigues, new species (Elmidae) is described from Brazil with a sexually dimorphic abdominal ventrite 5. Males have a protruding lobe on each side of the apex of ventrite 5. Females lack the lobes and are not distinguishable from congeners. ...
DOI:
10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.270

3. Sex-specific growth is mirrored in feeding rate but not moulting frequency in a sexually dimorphic snake

Author:
Bury, Stanisław
Source:
Die Naturwissenschaften 2021 v.108 no.1 pp. 6
ISSN:
0028-1042
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Nerodia; energy expenditure; predation; snakes;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sexual size dimorphism (SSD), commonly observed in snakes, may arise from a different growth rate between the sexes. This indicates a sex-specific resource intake that is in fact observable in free-living snakes. It is not so well known whether the sexes can express differential feeding rates under conditions unconstrained by spatial accessibility, competition, etc. Here, I studied sex-specific va ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00114-020-01712-y

4. Larval sex identification of in vivo and long‐term ethanol‐preserved social wasps

Author:
De Souza, André Rodrigues; da Silva, Rafael Carvalho; Ferreira, Ríudo Paiva; Mateus, Sidnei; Prato, Amanda; Oi, Cintia Akemi; Noll, Fernando Barbosa; Lino‐Neto, José
Source:
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 2020 v.168 no.9 pp. 710-714
ISSN:
0013-8703
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Vespidae; larvae;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Larval genital discs are sexually dimorphic in many social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). These sexual traits are visible in vivo and in long‐term ethanol‐preserved samples. Genital disc morphology provides a cheap, quick, and accurate way to distinguish larvae of females and males. ...
DOI:
10.1111/eea.12960

5. Is Aesthetic Evolution Possible in Birds? —Conceptual Considerations

Author:
Yang, Canchao
Source:
Ornithological science 2021 v.20 no.1 pp. 101-107
ISSN:
1347-0558
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; aesthetics; females; humans; males; mating behavior; sexual selection;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The adaptive mate choice theory is believed to provide a general explanation of sexual selection. Females are thought to choose males based on direct benefits or because they have perceivably good genes based on visual indicators of male quality, involving adaptive qualities acted on by natural selection in the current environment. However, a recent hypothesis, called “Beauty Happens” has been pro ...
DOI:
10.2326/osj.20.101

6. The development of sex differences in the nervous system and behavior of flies, worms, and rodents

Author:
Meeh, Kristen L.; Rickel, Clare T.; Sansano, Alexander J.; Shirangi, Troy R.
Source:
Developmental biology 2021 v.472 pp. 75-84
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; nervous system; neural networks; sexual development;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding how sex differences in innate animal behaviors arise has long fascinated biologists. As a general rule, the potential for sex differences in behavior is built by the developmental actions of sex-specific hormones or regulatory proteins that direct the sexual differentiation of the nervous system. In the last decade, studies in several animal systems have uncovered neural circuit mech ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.01.010

7. Beyond size: sexual dimorphisms in pholcid spiders

Author:
Huber, Bernhard A.
Source:
Arachnology 2021 v.18 no.7 pp. 656-677
ISSN:
2050-9936
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Pholcidae; abdomen; color; information sources; phylogeny; spiders; sternum;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The extreme sexual size dimorphism of some spiders has long attracted the attention of biologists and triggered countless prominent studies on the phenomenon. This, in turn, has resulted in a widespread bias in the view of spider sexual dimorphisms, even in reviews on sexual dimorphism that looked beyond size. The present article challenges this view by exemplarily documenting sexual dimorphisms i ...
DOI:
10.13156/arac.2020.18.7.656

8. Rensch’s rule—Definitions and statistics

Author:
Meiri, Shai; Liang, Tao
Source:
Global ecology and biogeography 2021 v.30 no.3 pp. 573-577
ISSN:
1466-822X
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; biogeography; body size; ecology; females; males;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... ISSUE: Sexual size dimorphism is thought to vary in a predictable manner with overall body size, a pattern named “Rensch's rule”. The rule is thought to suggest different predictions for taxa with female‐ and male‐biased dimorphism. This leaves taxa where both types of dimorphism are common in limbo. Rensch's rule is usually estimated using the reduced major axis (RMA) slope of a regression of mal ...
DOI:
10.1111/geb.13255

9. Morphology and Distribution of Antennal Sensilla in Three Species of Thripidae (Thysanoptera) Infesting Alfalfa Medicago sativa

Author:
Liu, Yan-Qi; Li, Jin; Ban, Li-Ping
Source:
Insects 2021 v.12 no.1
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Medicago sativa; Megalurothrips; Sericothrips; alfalfa; semiochemicals; sensilla;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Thrips are important pests to alfalfa Medicago sativa. Similar as many other plant-feeding insects, thrips rely on the antennae to receive chemical signals in the environment to locate their hosts. Previous studies indicated that sensilla of different shapes on the surface of insect antenna play an important role in signal recognition. However, morphological analysis of the antennal sensilla in Th ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects12010081

10. Tomographic-cephalometric evaluation of the pars petrosa of temporal bone as sexing method

Author:
Pezo-Lanfranco, L.N.; Haetinger, R.G.
Source:
Forensic science international 2021 v.3 pp. 100174
ISSN:
2665-9107
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; acoustics; adults; anthropology; discriminant analysis; forensic sciences; hospitals; humans; sex determination; Brazil;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study assesses a common issue in Forensic Anthropology: sex determination in fragmented or incomplete human skeletal remains. Previous studies have reported a significant sexual dimorphism in adult individuals for the lateral angle and acoustic pore of the pars petrosa of temporal bone. Our aim is to test the usefulness of pars petrosa as method for estimating sex using standardized CT axial ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fsir.2021.100174

11. Discovery of a highly variable bug killing fly species, Clytiomya continua (Diptera: Tachinidae: Phasiinae), in Korea with discussion on its systematic status

Author:
Euo, Seung-Su; Han, Ho-Yeon
Source:
Journal of Asia-Pacific entomology 2021 v.24 no.2 pp. 205-214
ISSN:
1226-8615
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; DNA barcoding; Palearctic region; Tachinidae; entomology; intraspecific variation; monophyly; Korean Peninsula;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... At present, the genus Clytiomya of the tribe Gymnosomatini includes four Palaearctic species, which exhibit high intraspecific variability. While studying Korean members of the bug-killing fly subfamily Phasiinae, we discovered C. continua for the first time in the Korean Peninsula. This is also the first record of Clytiomya from Korea. Our collection of C. continua includes over 150 freshly froze ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aspen.2021.02.008

12. Variation in cuticular lipid profiles of black butterflies of the genus Papilio in Japan

Author:
Ômura, Hisashi; Morozumi, Yutaro; Noguchi, Taro; Ohta, Shinji
Source:
Biochemical systematics and ecology 2021 v.96 pp. 104265
ISSN:
0305-1978
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Japan; Papilio; chemotaxonomy; conspecificity; lipid composition; lipids; sympatry; terpenoids;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Insect (epi)cuticular lipids characterize sex and species and often play an important role in mating behavior. We previously revealed that two black-colored swallowtail butterflies, Papilio polytes and Papilio protenor, show sexual dimorphism and species specificity in cuticular lipid composition and that P. polytes males use specific monoene components for mate discrimination. These findings sugg ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bse.2021.104265

13. Carnivoran intraspecific tooth-size variation shows heterogeneity along the tooth row and among species

Author:
Reuter, Dana M.; Hopkins, Samantha S. B.; Davis, Edward B.
Source:
Journal of mammalogy 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 236-249
ISSN:
0022-2372
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; diet; extinct species; fossils; intraspecific variation; mammalogy; mammals; ontogeny; phylogeny;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Developing morphological diagnoses for fossil mammals requires an understanding of intraspecific variation in the anatomical elements under study. Dental traits along with tooth size can be informative of taxonomic identify for extinct species. However, it is unclear what selective or developmental processes are responsible for documented patterns in tooth-size variation making application to the ...
DOI:
10.1093/jmammal/gyaa157

14. Reversed Sexual Size Dimorphism in the Ryukyu Scops Owl Otus elegans on Minami-Daito Island

Author:
Sawada, Akira; Iwasaki, Tetsuya; Matsuo, Taro; Akatani, Kana; Takagi, Masaoki
Source:
Ornithological science 2021 v.20 no.1 pp. 15-26
ISSN:
1347-0558
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Otus; birds of prey; body size; body weight; data collection; head; tail; temporal variation;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... One of the consequences of selections acting on body size is the difference in body size between the sexes or sexual size dimorphism. Although many hypotheses have been proposed for reversed sexual size dimorphism (RSD) in raptors, ornithologists have rarely paid attention to temporal aspects of RSD when testing their hypotheses. Because selection pressures may vary temporally, describing temporal ...
DOI:
10.2326/osj.20.15

15. De novo transcriptome assemblies of Epicauta tibialis provide insights into the sexual dimorphism in the production of cantharidin

Author:
Du, Chao; Li, Wujiao; Fu, Zhaohui; Yi, Chunyan; Liu, Xu; Yue, Bisong
Source:
Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.106 no.4 pp. e21784
ISSN:
0739-4462
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Epicauta; biosynthesis; cantharidin; females; gene expression regulation; insect biochemistry; males; secretion; transcriptome; unigenes;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Blister beetles have medicinal uses for their defensive secretion cantharidin, which has curative effects on many cancers and other diseases. It was demonstrated that sexual dimorphism exists in the production of cantharidin between male and female adults. This study performed a de novo assembly of Epicauta tibialis transcriptomes and analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between male ...
DOI:
10.1002/arch.21784

16. Giant polyploid epidermal cells and male pheromone production in the tephritid fruit fly Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Author:
Yip, Eric C.; Mikó, István; Ulmer, Jonah M.; Cherim, Nancy A.; Townley, Mark A.; Poltak, Steffen; Helms, Anjel M.; De Moraes, Consuelo M.; Mescher, Mark C.; Tooker, John F.
Source:
Journal of insect physiology 2021 v.130 pp. 104210
ISSN:
0022-1910
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Eurosta solidaginis; animals; anus; endopolyploidy; epithelium; fruit flies; insect physiology; males; sex pheromones;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Eurosta solidaginis males produce large amounts of putative sex pheromone compared to other insect species; however, neither the site of pheromone production nor the release mechanism has been characterized. We compared E. solidaginis males and females, focusing on sexually dimorphic structures that are known to be involved in pheromone production in other tephritid species. Morphological and chem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104210

17. Reproductive dynamics of a swimming crab (Monomia haanii) in the world’s crab basket

Author:
Lin, Bai-an; Boenish, Robert; Kritzer, Jacob P.; Jiang, Yan; Wang, Song-lin; Liu, Min
Source:
Fisheries research 2021 v.236 pp. 105828
ISSN:
0165-7836
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Portunidae; crab meat; crabs; ecology; exports; fecundity; females; fisheries; males; research; China; Taiwan;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Red swimming crab Monomia haanii is an important export fishery in southern China. M. haanii is mainly sold as lump crabmeat, generating an annual trade of tens of millions of US dollars over the last decade. For such a commercially important crab species, little attention has been paid to the sustainable use of the stocks and there remains much to learn about its biology and ecology. Monthly fish ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105828

18. Some Traits of the Biology and Epigean Behavior of Sisyphus schaefferi (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Sisyphini)

Author:
Rizzotto, Maurizio; Negro, Matteo; Barbero, Enrico
Source:
TheColeopterists' bulletin 2021 v.75 no.1 pp. 75-85
ISSN:
0010-065X
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Scarabaeidae; air; air temperature; body length; body weight; feces; humidity; males; spring; summer; Italy;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... A two-year field study on selected traits of the biology of the scarabaeine dung roller Sisyphus schaefferi (Linnaeus) was conducted in a natural park in the western Po Valley in northwestern Italy. Despite laboratory studies carried out over the past few decades, several aspects of the epigean behavior of the species in the wild remain uncertain. Our study revealed that 1) the species is active f ...
DOI:
10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.75

19. Static allometry and sexual dimorphism in the Striped Lesser-thicktail Scorpion Uroplectes lineatus

Author:
Visser, Jacobus H.; Geerts, Sjirk
Source:
Arachnology 2021 v.18 no.7 pp. 700-707
ISSN:
2050-9936
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; Scorpiones; allometry; courtship; females; males; morphometry; reproductive performance; sexual selection;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Scorpions exhibit extreme forms of sexual dimorphism, with a number of recent studies highlighting general patterns. Explanations surrounding the potential drivers of these patterns remain speculative, even though static allometry offers a method for testing specific hypotheses. Importantly, a recent study describes a method of reference character choice when investigating sexual dimorphism and st ...
DOI:
10.13156/arac.2020.18.7.700

20. Call rate, fundamental frequency, and syntax determine male-call attractiveness in blue petrels Halobaena caerulea

Author:
Gémard, Charlène; Aubin, Thierry; Reboud, Eliette L.; Bonadonna, Francesco
Source:
Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 2021 v.75 no.3 pp. 55
ISSN:
0340-5443
Subject:
sexual dimorphism,   etc   ; acoustics; burrows; males; mating behavior; monogamy; motivation; predation; sociobiology; stereotyped behavior; Kerguelen Archipelago;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In blue petrels (Halobaena caerulea), females are supposed to be particularly choosy and mate choice can take a couple of years. In these lifelong monogamous seabirds, choosing a good mate is crucial and has a strong influence on their fitness. Due to their nocturnal habits, the absence of sexual dimorphism, and the physical barrier between males calling from their burrow and females flying above ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00265-021-02989-3