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1. Automatic characterization of rock mass discontinuities using 3D point clouds

Author:
Li, Xiaojun; Chen, Ziyang; Chen, Jianqin; Zhu, Hehua
Source:
Engineering geology 2019 v.259 pp. 105131
ISSN:
0013-7952
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; data collection; lidar; photogrammetry; roughness;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Direct contact measurements for rock mass discontinuities are generally difficult to perform, time consuming, biased, and often dangerous. This paper presents an automatic characterization method for rock mass discontinuities that uses 3D point clouds, which can be obtained through non-contact measuring techniques such as photogrammetry and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). In this method, five ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.05.008

2. Assessing the blocking of occasion setting

Author:
Alfaro, Felipe; Mallea, Jorge; Laborda, Mario A.; Cañete, Aracelli; Miguez, Gonzalo
Source:
Behavioural processes 2018 v.154 pp. 52-59
ISSN:
0376-6357
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; classical conditioning; extinction;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... An occasion setter (OS) is a stimulus or context with the capacity to disambiguate an ambiguous conditioned stimulus (CS). Previous research has shown that OSs share some features with regular Pavlovian CSs. Amongst them, research has shown that OSs are subject to blocking; that is, a new OS exerts reduced behavioral control after training in compound with a previously established OS. Of additiona ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.beproc.2018.02.008

3. Slippery for scaling resistance in membrane distillation: A novel porous micropillared superhydrophobic surface

Author:
Xiao, Zechun; Zheng, Rui; Liu, Yongjie; He, Hailong; Yuan, Xiaofei; Ji, Yunhui; Li, Dongdong; Yin, Huabing; Zhang, Yuebiao; Li, Xue-Mei; He, Tao
Source:
Water research 2019 v.155 pp. 152-161
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; crystals; desalination; distillation; hydrophobicity; saline water; separation; sodium chloride; soluble salts; thermoplastics;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Scaling in membrane distillation (MD) is a key issue in desalination of concentrated saline water, where the interface property between the membrane and the feed become critical. In this paper, a slippery mechanism was explored as an innovative concept to understand the scaling behavior in membrane distillation for a soluble salt, NaCl. The investigation was based on a novel design of a superhydro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.036

4. Modes of coral disease transmission: how do diseases spread between individuals and among populations?

Author:
Shore, Amanda; Caldwell, Jamie M.
Source:
Marine biology 2019 v.166 no.4 pp. 45
ISSN:
0025-3162
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; at-risk population; coral reefs; corals; disease transmission; etiology; field experimentation; models;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Coral disease is considered an important factor in the recent decline of coral reefs worldwide; yet transmission, a critical factor for understanding disease ecology, identifying at-risk individuals and populations, and developing management options, is understudied in coral disease research. Here, we review techniques for investigating coral disease transmission using laboratory and field experim ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00227-019-3490-8

5. Enhanced emissions of brominated flame retardants from indoor sources by direct contact with dust

Author:
Qian, Zhuxiu; Xu, Yiwen; Zheng, Chaofan; Zhang, Anping; Sun, Jianqiang
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2019 v.191 no.3 pp. 170
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; cotton; dust; emissions; hexabromocyclododecane; insulating materials; poly(vinyl chloride); risk; uncertainty;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The emissions of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) from consumer products have been considered the major to the ubiquitous occurrence of contaminants in indoor environments. Direct contact with dust covering the surface of source materials in a real environment could introduce significant uncertainty. This study investigated the effects of dust coverage on the emissions of four BFRs, including 1, ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-019-7303-9

6. Graphene as an electrochemical transfer layer

Author:
Sharifi, Tiva; Xie, Yu; Zhang, Xiang; Barzegar, Hamid Reza; Lei, Jincheng; Coulter, Gabriel; Sun, Shiyun; Tiwary, Chandrasekhar; Zettl, Alex; Yakobson, Boris; Ajayan, Pulickel M.
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.141 pp. 266-273
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; cobalt oxide; density functional theory; electrochemistry; electrolytes; graphene; models; nanosheets; oxygen production;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The capability of graphene to adopt a property from an adjacent material is investigated by measuring the electrochemical performance of a monolayer graphene placed on top of thin cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanosheets. In this assembly, monolayer graphene works as an interfacial layer which inhibits the direct contact of the actual electroactive material and electrolyte during electrochemical reaction. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.056

7. Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) sonar slacks off before touching a non-alimentary target

Author:
Doh, Yann; Delfour, Fabienne; Augier, Elodie; Glotin, Hervé; Graff, Christian; Adam, Olivier
Source:
Behavioural processes 2018 v.157 pp. 337-345
ISSN:
0376-6357
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; Chiroptera; Tursiops truncatus; dolphins; echolocation; emissions;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Odontocetes modulate the rhythm of their echolocation clicks to draw information about their environment. When they approach preys to capture, they speed up their emissions to increase the sampling rate of “distant touch” and improve information update. This global acceleration turns into a “terminal buzz” also described in bats, which is a click train with drastic increase in rate, just as reachi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.beproc.2018.07.015

8. Performance of two differently designed permeable reactive barriers with sulfate and zinc solutions

Author:
Pérez, Norma; Schwarz, Alex O.; Barahona, Esteban; Sanhueza, Pamela; Diaz, Isabel; Urrutia, Homero
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2018 v.642 pp. 894-903
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; acid mine drainage; microorganisms; sulfates; sulfides; zinc;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... For the first time, this laboratory-scale study evaluates the feasibility of incorporating diffusive exchange in permeable reactive barriers. In order to do this, the performance of two permeable reactive barriers (PRB) with different internal substrate arrangements were compared during the administration of a sulfate solution without metals (for 163 days) and with metals (for 60 days), simulating ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.046

9. A new approach using un-encapsulated discrete PCM chunks to augment the applicability of solid gallium as phase change material in thermal management applications

Author:
Al Omari, S.-A.B.; Ghazal, A.M.; Elnajjar, E.
Source:
Energy conversion and management 2018 v.158 pp. 133-146
ISSN:
0196-8904
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; gallium; heat; management systems; melting; specific heat; temperature;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gallium is known to have favorable thermo-physical features and may be used advantageously as a phase change material in heat sinks for thermal management systems (TMS). Yet, it suffers from a major inherent drawback namely its limited specific heat that can offset its other favorable features. The aim of this work is to propose a new simple approach to circumvent such drawbacks and to enhance the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.002

10. Levels, spatial distribution and isomer profiles of perfluoroalkyl acids in soil, groundwater and tap water around a manufactory in China

Author:
Gao, Yan; Liang, Yong; Gao, Ke; Wang, Yingjun; Wang, Chang; Fu, Jianjie; Wang, Yawei; Jiang, Guibin; Jiang, Yousheng
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.227 pp. 305-314
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; groundwater; hydrophobicity; isomers; perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; perfluorooctanoic acid; risk; soil; soil sampling; tap water; China;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, 32 surface soil samples, 24 groundwater samples, and 6 tap water samples were collected around a perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs) manufactory in China to analyze the distributions of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) including linear and branched isomers. The total concentrations of PFAAs (∑PFAAs) ranged from 1.30 to 913 ng/g on a dry weight basis (dw), 31.4–15656 ng/L, and 11.8–59.7 ng/L in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.027

11. Acceleration of microiron-based dechlorination in water by contact with fibrous activated carbon

Author:
Vogel, Maria; Kopinke, Frank-Dieter; Mackenzie, Katrin
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.660 pp. 1274-1282
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; activated carbon; catalysts; corrosion; dechlorination; desorption; electron transfer; ethylene; hydroquinone; iron; oxygen; pollutants; prices; quinones; screening; water treatment;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Zero-valent iron (ZVI) is widely applied for reduction of chlorohydrocarbons in water. Since the dechlorination occurs at the iron surface, marked differences in rate constants are commonly found for nanoscale and microscale ZVI. It has already been shown for trichloroethene (TCE) adsorbed to activated carbon (AC) that the dechlorination reaction is shifted to the carbon surface simply by contacti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.070

12. In situ generation of H2O2 using MWCNT-Al/O2 system and possible application for glyphosate degradation

Author:
Tan, Ni; Yang, Zhao; Gong, Xiao-bo; Wang, Zhen-ran; Fu, Tao; Liu, Yong
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.650 pp. 2567-2576
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; aqueous solutions; capital; carbon; electrons; glyphosate; hydrogen peroxide; operating costs; oxidants; oxidation; oxygen; pH; phosphorus; pollutants; toxicity; transportation;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as a green oxidant, has been widely applied into advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the degradation of toxic organic pollutants. The in situ generation of H2O2 can not only improve the storage and transportation safety of H2O2 but also reduce the capital and operation costs. In the present work, a novel system, i.e., multi-walled carbon nanotube‑aluminum (MWCNT-Al) c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.353

13. Dose-dependent modulation effects of bioactive glass particles on macrophages and diabetic wound healing

Author:
Xie, Weihan; Fu, Xiaoling; Tang, Fengling; Mo, Yunfei; Cheng, Jun; Wang, Hongjun; Chen, Xiaofeng
Source:
Journal of materials chemistry B 2019 v.7 no.6 pp. 940-952
ISSN:
2050-7518
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; animal disease models; chemistry; chemotaxis; cytotoxicity; diabetes; dose response; glass; ions; macrophages; pathophysiology; phenotype; rats; tissue repair; viability;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many pathophysiologic conditions can interrupt the normal wound healing process and lead to chronic wounds due to the arrest of macrophages in their inflammatory phenotype. Thus, strategies that promote the recovery of macrophage functions are of great benefit to heal chronic wounds. Bioactive glass (BG) dissolution has been recognized for its modulatory functions in macrophage polarization. Howev ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8tb02938e

14. Effectively enhanced structural stability and electrochemical properties of LiNi₀.₅Mn₁.₅O₄ cathode materials via poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-in situ coated for high voltage Li-ion batteries

Author:
Liu, JinFeng; Chen, YuFang; Xu, Jing; Sun, WeiWei; Zheng, ChunMan; Li, YuJie
Source:
RSC advances 2019 v.9 no.6 pp. 3081-3091
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; cathodes; crystal structure; electric potential; electrochemistry; electrolytes; energy density; lithium batteries; manganese; oxides; polymerization; polymers;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spinel LiNi₀.₅Mn₁.₅O₄ shows promise as a potential candidate for Li-ion batteries due to its high energy density and high rate performance. However, LiNi₀.₅Mn₁.₅O₄ (LNMO) spinel oxides usually deliver poor cycle life because of the increasing impedance and gradually dissolving Mn resulting in the destruction of crystal structure. Here, a conductive polymer poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ra09550g

15. An energy-efficient method for direct-contact ultrasonic cloth drying

Author:
Peng, Chang; Momen, Ayyoub M.; Moghaddam, Saeed
Source:
Energy 2017 v.138 pp. 133-138
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; drying; energy efficiency; fabrics; ultrasonics;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A novel ultrasonic transducer driving method, in which the power supply to the transducer is regulated by a binary modulating signal, is introduced for the first time for use in direct-contact ultrasonic drying of fabrics. First, the drying characteristics of different fabrics on two types of transducers are studied using continuous transducer driving mode. Then, the effects of duty cycle and freq ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2017.07.025

16. Microfluidic Surface Titrations of Electroactive Thin Films

Author:
Anderson, Morgan J.; Crooks, Richard M.
Source:
Langmuir 2017 v.33 no.28 pp. 7053-7061
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; copper; electrochemistry; electrodes; quantitative analysis;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report the use of microfluidic surface titrations (MSTs) for studying electroactive self-assembled monolayers (eSAMs) and other thin films. The technique of MST utilizes a microfluidic generation-collection dual channel electrode (DCE) configuration to quantify the charge associated with electroactive thin films that might or might not be in direct contact with an electrode surface. This techni ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01542

17. Dynamics in a Water Interfacial Boundary Layer Investigated with IR Polarization-Selective Pump–Probe Experiments B

Author:
Yuan, Rongfeng; Yan, Chang; Nishida, Jun; Fayer, Michael D.
Source:
The Journal of physical chemistry 2017 v.121 no.17 pp. 4530-4537
ISSN:
1520-5207
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; absorption; anionic surfactants; micelles;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The dynamics of water molecules near the surfactant interface in large Aerosol-OT reverse micelles (RMs) (w₀ = 16–25) was investigated with IR polarization-selective pump–probe experiments using the SeCN– anion as a vibrational probe. Linear absorption spectra of RMs (w₀ = 25–2) can be decomposed into the weighted sum of the SeCN– spectra in bulk water and the spectrum of the SeCN– anion interacti ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b01028

18. Uptake, translocation, size characterization and localization of cerium oxide nanoparticles in radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

Author:
Wojcieszek, Justyna; Jiménez-Lamana, Javier; Bierła, Katarzyna; Ruzik, Lena; Asztemborska, Monika; Jarosz, Maciej; Szpunar, Joanna
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.683 pp. 284-292
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; Raphanus sativus; bioaccumulation; ceric oxide; culture media; environmental impact; industry; leaves; mature plants; models; nanoparticles; physicochemical properties; radishes; roots; soil; stems; tissues;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, the production and use of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) in different areas, especially in automotive industry, is rapidly increasing, causing their presence in the environment. Released CeO2 NPs can undergo different transformations and interact with the soil and hence with plants, providing a potential pathway for human exposure and le ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.265

19. Biogas upgrading with hydrogenotrophic methanogenic biofilms

Author:
Maegaard, Karen; Garcia-Robledo, Emilio; Kofoed, Michael V.W.; Agneessens, Laura M.; de Jonge, Nadieh; Nielsen, Jeppe L.; Ottosen, Lars D.M.; Nielsen, Lars Peter; Revsbech, Niels Peter
Source:
Bioresource technology 2019 v.287 pp. 121422
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; Methanoculleus; biofilm; biogas; carbon dioxide; electric power; energy; gases; headspace analysis; hydrogen; mass transfer; methane; methane production; methanogens; pH;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hydrogen produced from periodic excess of electrical energy may be added to biogas reactors where it is converted to CH4 that can be utilized in the existing energy grid. The major challenge with this technology is gas-to-liquid mass transfer limitation. The microbial conversions in reactors designed for hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis were studied with microsensors for H2, pH, and CO2. The H2 con ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121422

20. Uptake, depuration and sublethal effects of the neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, exposure in Sydney rock oysters

Author:
Ewere, Endurance E.; Powell, Daniel; Rudd, David; Reichelt-Brushett, Amanda; Mouatt, Peter; Voelcker, Nicolas H.; Benkendorff, Kirsten
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.230 pp. 1-13
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
direct contact,   etc   ; Saccostrea glomerata; acetylcholinesterase; chemical residues; estuaries; filtration; gene expression; gills; image analysis; imidacloprid; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; metabolism; muscles; oysters; risk; shellfish; sublethal effects; tissues; transcriptomics;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... The broad utilisation of imidacloprid (IMI) in agriculture poses an increasing risk to aquatic organisms. However, the potential impacts on commercially important shellfish and chemical residues after exposure, are yet to be assessed. We investigated the levels of IMI in Sydney rock oyster (SRO) tissue during a three-day uptake and four-day depuration cycle using liquid chromatography-mass spectro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.045