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1. Mechanism and plasticity of vectors’ host-seeking behavior

Author:
Wynne, Nicole E; Lorenzo, Marcelo G; Vinauger, Clément
Source:
Current opinion in insect science 2020 v.40 pp. 1-5
ISSN:
2214-5745
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culicidae; disease vectors; host seeking; insects; pathogens;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The host-seeking behavior of disease vector insects is central to the transmission of pathogens. In this context, an improved understanding of the mechanisms that allow vectors to detect, identify and locate a potential host will be crucial to refine existing control strategies and invent new ones. Host-seeking is mediated by the integration of cues that are processed by multiple sensory modalitie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cois.2020.02.001

2. Global evaluation of taxonomic relationships and admixture within the Culex pipiens complex of mosquitoes

Author:
Aardema, Matthew L.; vonHoldt, Bridgett M.; Fritz, Megan L.; Davis, Steven R.
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2020 v.13 no.1 pp. 8
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culex pipiens; genetic recombination; genetic variation; hybridization; indigenous species; monophyly; Australia;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Within the Culex pipiens mosquito complex, there are six contemporarily recognized taxa: Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. pipiens f. pipiens, Cx. pipiens f. molestus, Cx. pipiens pallens, Cx. australicus and Cx. globocoxitus. Many phylogenetic aspects within this complex have eluded resolution, such as the relationship of the two Australian endemic taxa to the other four members, as well as t ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-020-3879-8
PubMed:
31915057
PubMed Central:
PMC6950815

3. Effect of Environmental Temperature on the Ability of Culex tarsalis and Aedes taeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Transmit Rift Valley Fever Virus

Author:
Turell, Michael J.; Cohnstaedt, Lee W.; Wilson, William C.
Source:
Vector borne and zoonotic diseases 2020 v.20 no.6 pp. 454-460
ISSN:
1557-7759
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Aedes taeniorhynchus; Culex tarsalis; Rift Valley fever phlebovirus; ambient temperature; animal disease models; arboviruses;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes severe disease in domestic ungulates (cattle, goats, and sheep) and a febrile illness in humans (with ∼1% case fatality rate). This virus has been spreading geographically, and there is concern of it spreading to Europe or the Americas. Environmental temperature can significantly affect the ability of mosquitoes to transmit an arbovirus. However, these effects ...
DOI:
10.1089/vbz.2019.2554

4. Improving Risk–Benefit in Faecal Transplantation through Microbiome Screening

Author:
Papanicolas, Lito E.; Gordon, David L.; Wesselingh, Steve L.; Rogers, Geraint B.
Source:
Trends in microbiology 2020 v.28 no.5 pp. 331-339
ISSN:
0966-842X
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; antibiotic resistance; intestinal microorganisms; microbiological risk assessment; microbiome; pathogens; screening; sepsis (infection);     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of a growing number of conditions, and its clinical use continues to rise. However, recent cases of antibiotic-resistant pathogen transmission through FMT, resulting in at least one case of fatal sepsis, highlight the need to reevaluate current donor screening practices. Commensal gut microbes profoundly influe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2019.12.009

5. SLeuthing Tuberculous Cough

Author:
Behr, Marcel A.; Edelstein, Paul H.; Ramakrishnan, Lalita
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.2 pp. 230-232
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; cough; guinea pigs; humans; lipids; neurons; tuberculosis;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cough, a hallmark of tuberculosis, transmits the disease. Ruhl et al. find that a Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific lipid, SL-1, stimulates human nociceptive neurons and makes guinea pigs cough. Mtb extract, but not SL-1, also stimulates non-nociceptive neurons that participate in the cough reflex, suggesting additional cough-inducing mechanisms. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.057

6. Mitochondrial Diseases: Hope for the Future

Author:
Russell, Oliver M.; Gorman, Gráinne S.; Lightowlers, Robert N.; Turnbull, Doug M.
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.1 pp. 168-188
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; gene therapy; genes; germ cells; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; mutation;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mitochondrial diseases are clinically heterogeneous disorders caused by a wide spectrum of mutations in genes encoded by either the nuclear or the mitochondrial genome. Treatments for mitochondrial diseases are currently focused on symptomatic management rather than improving the biochemical defect caused by a particular mutation. This review focuses on the latest advances in the development of tr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.051

7. Molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium

Author:
van der Schalk, Thomas E.; Braam, Joyce F.; Kusters, Johannes G.
Source:
International journal of antimicrobial agents 2020 v.55 no.4 pp. 105911
ISSN:
0924-8579
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; DNA; Mycoplasma genitalium; antibiotic resistance; azithromycin; microbiology; moxifloxacin; mutation; pathogens; resistance mechanisms; therapeutics;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma genitalium is a sexually transmitted urogenital pathogen, and infection can result in serious symptoms. As M. genitalium is rather difficult to culture, infections are usually detected by molecular methods. Unfortunately, there has recently been a significant increase in resistance to azithromycin and moxifloxacin used for the treatment of M. genitalium infections. The increased resista ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105911

8. Opportunities and challenges for cholera control in India

Author:
Gupta, Sanjukta Sen; Ganguly, Nirmal Kumar
Source:
Vaccine 2020 v.38 pp. A25
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; World Health Organization; cholera; monitoring; sanitation; stakeholders; travel; urban areas; vaccines; India;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Indo Gangetic delta is homeland for cholera for almost two centuries now and there is evidence of global spread from this area. With migration of people to more urban areas within the country and increase in international travel, it is time for action against cholera in India, given its capacity to present itself in epidemic proportions. The Global roadmap to end cholera by 2030 was launched b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.06.032

9. Mosquito Microbiota and Implications for Disease Control

Author:
Gao, Han; Cui, Chunlai; Wang, Lili; Jacobs-Lorena, Marcelo; Wang, Sibao
Source:
Trends in parasitology 2020 v.36 no.2 pp. 98-111
ISSN:
1471-4922
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culicidae; bacteria; disease control; fungi; humans; insect vectors; mosquito-borne diseases; pathogens; viruses;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mosquito-transmitted diseases account for about 500 000 deaths every year. Blocking these pathogens in the mosquito vector before they are transmitted to humans is an effective strategy to prevent mosquito-borne diseases. Like most higher organisms, mosquitoes harbor a highly diverse and dynamic microbial flora that can be explored for prevention of pathogen transmission. Here we review the struct ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pt.2019.12.001

10. Avian Bornaviral Ganglioneuritis: Current Debates and Unanswered Questions

Author:
Boatright-Horowitz, Su L.
Source:
Veterinary medicine international 2020 v.2020
ISSN:
2042-0048
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Bornaviridae; ecology; humans; parrots; pathogenesis; viruses; wasting syndrome; wildlife;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Avian bornaviral ganglioneuritis, often referred to as parrot wasting disease, is associated with a newly discovered avian virus from the taxonomic family Bornaviridae. Research regarding the pathogenesis and treatment for this disease is ongoing, with implications for understanding other emerging human and nonhuman diseases, as well as the health and ecology of wildlife. At this time, numerous qu ...
DOI:
10.1155/2020/6563723
PubMed:
32411340
PubMed Central:
PMC7212328

11. Relative contribution of vertical, within-farm and between-farm transmission of Mycoplasma synoviae in layer pullet flocks

Author:
ter Veen, C.; de Wit, J. J.; Feberwee, A.
Source:
Avian pathology 2020 v.49 no.1 pp. 56-61
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Mycoplasma synoviae; agglutination tests; farms; flocks; odds ratio; pullets; rapid methods; regression analysis; Netherlands;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, the relative contribution of vertical transmission, within-farm transmission and between-farm transmission of Mycoplasma synoviae in layer pullet flocks was quantified using logistic regression analysis. Data from 311 Dutch pullet flocks, of which 172 (55%) were positive for M. synoviae, were included in the study. Also the M. synoviae status of the parent stock of these flocks was ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2019.1664725

12. Mosquito Age Grading and Vector-Control Programmes

Author:
Johnson, Brian J.; Hugo, Leon E.; Churcher, Thomas S.; Ong, Oselyne T.W.; Devine, Gregor J.
Source:
Trends in parasitology 2020 v.36 no.1 pp. 39-51
ISSN:
1471-4922
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culicidae; chemometrics; cost effectiveness; monitoring; transcription (genetics); vector control; vectorial capacity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... An ability to characterize the age of mosquito populations could provide cost-effective and compelling entomological evidence for the potential epidemiological impacts of vector control. The average age of a mosquito population is the most important determinant of vectorial capacity and the likelihood of disease transmission. Yet, despite decades of research, defining the age of a wild-caught mosq ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pt.2019.10.011

13. Linking Mosquito Ecology, Traits, Behavior, and Disease Transmission

Author:
Chandrasegaran, Karthikeyan; Lahondère, Chloé; Escobar, Luis E.; Vinauger, Clément
Source:
Trends in parasitology 2020
ISSN:
1471-4922
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culicidae; ecology; environmental factors; humans; imagos; larvae; life history; models; mosquito-borne diseases;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mosquitoes are considered to be the deadliest animals on Earth because the diseases they transmit claim at least a million human lives every year globally. Here, we discuss the scales at which the effects of ecological factors cascade to influence epidemiologically relevant behaviors of adult mosquitoes. In particular, we focused our review on the environmental conditions (coarse-scale variables) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pt.2020.02.001

14. Assessment and an updated list of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia

Author:
Alahmed, Azzam M.; Munawar, Kashif; Khalil, Sayed M. S.; Harbach, Ralph E.
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2019 v.12 no.1 pp. 356
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Anopheles; fauna; pathogens; Saudi Arabia;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Mosquito-borne pathogens are important causes of diseases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Knowledge of the mosquito fauna is needed for the appropriate control of the vectors that transmit the pathogens and prevent the diseases they cause. An important first step is to have an up-to-date list of the species known to be present in the country. Original occurrence records were obtained f ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-019-3579-4
PubMed:
31324201
PubMed Central:
PMC6642568

15. Biological Adaptations Associated with Dehydration in Mosquitoes

Author:
Holmes, Christopher J.; Benoit, Joshua B.
Source:
Insects 2019 v.10 no.11
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culicidae; mosquito-borne diseases; physiology;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Diseases that are transmitted by mosquitoes are a tremendous health and socioeconomic burden with hundreds of millions of people being impacted by mosquito-borne illnesses annually. Many factors have been implicated and extensively studied in disease transmission dynamics, but knowledge regarding how dehydration impacts mosquito physiology, behavior, and resulting mosquito-borne disease transmissi ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects10110375
PubMed:
31661928
PubMed Central:
PMC6920799

16. Mechanisms Underlying the Transmission of Insect Pathogens

Author:
van Oers, Monique M.; Eilenberg, Jørgen
Source:
Insects 2019 v.10 no.7
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; endosymbionts; entomopathogens; hosts; insects;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this special issue the focus is on the factors and (molecular) mechanisms that determine the transmission efficiency of a variety of insect pathogens in a number of insect hosts. In this editorial, we summarize the main findings of the twelve papers in this special issue and conclude that much more needs to be learned for an in-depth understanding of pathogen transmission in field and cultured ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects10070194
PubMed:
31269657
PubMed Central:
PMC6681244

17. Arthropod exosomes as bubbles with message(s) to transmit vector-borne diseases

Author:
Sultana, Hameeda; Neelakanta, Girish
Source:
Current opinion in insect science 2020 v.40 pp. 39-47
ISSN:
2214-5745
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culicidae; animal pathogens; arboviruses; bubbles; disease vectors; exosomes; human diseases; therapeutics; ticks; vector-borne diseases;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ticks and mosquitoes are medically important vectors that transmit several pathogens, including arboviruses, to humans. Understanding how these blood-feeding arthropods transmit pathogens to humans requires knowledge on the molecular and cellular interplay at vector-host interface. Recent studies have highlighted the role of tick and mosquito small extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cois.2020.05.017

18. Mosquito surveillance and disease outbreak risk models to inform mosquito-control operations in Europe

Author:
Caputo, Beniamino; Manica, Mattia
Source:
Current opinion in insect science 2020 v.39 pp. 101-108
ISSN:
2214-5745
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Culicidae; arboviruses; biting rates; disease outbreaks; hosts; models; monitoring; mosquito control; mosquito-borne diseases; pathogens; risk; Europe;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Surveillance programs are needed to guide mosquito-control operations to reduce both nuisance and the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. Understanding the thresholds for action to reduce both nuisance and the risk of arbovirus transmission is becoming critical. To date, mosquito surveillance is mainly implemented to inform about pathogen transmission risks rather than to reduce mosquito nuisance e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cois.2020.03.009

19. Molecular identification of the Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) lewisi clade in black rats (Rattus rattus) from Australia

Author:
Egan, Siobhon L.; Taylor, Casey L.; Austen, Jill M.; Banks, Peter B.; Ahlstrom, Liisa A.; Ryan, Una M.; Irwin, Peter J.; Oskam, Charlotte L.
Source:
Parasitology research 2020 v.119 no.5 pp. 1691-1696
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Rattus rattus; Trypanosoma lewisi; blood sampling; hosts; invasive species; loci; phylogeny; rats; ribosomal RNA; Australia;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Invasive rodent species are known hosts for a diverse range of infectious microorganisms and have long been associated with the spread of disease globally. The present study describes molecular evidence for the presence of a Trypanosoma sp. from black rats (Rattus rattus) in northern Sydney, Australia. Sequences of the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) locus were obtained in two out of eleven (18%) blood s ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-020-06653-z

20. The Asian tiger mosquito in Brazil: Observations on biology and ecological interactions since its first detection in 1986

Author:
Ferreira-de-Lima, Victor Henrique; Câmara, Daniel Cardoso Portela; Honório, Nildimar Alves; Lima-Camara, Tamara Nunes
Source:
Acta tropica 2020 v.205 pp. 105386
ISSN:
0001-706X
Subject:
disease transmission,   etc   ; Aedes aegypti; Aedes albopictus; adults; breeding sites; females; hematophagy; interspecific competition; monitoring; vector competence; Asia; Brazil; North America;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito originating from the Asian continent, which was detected in the Americas in 1985 and Brazil in 1986. Due to its rapid expansion throughout Brazil, this species has already been reported in 26 of the 27 federative units of Brazil. In this review, we evaluate some of the biological, epidemiological and ecological characteristics of Ae. albopictus through cr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105386