An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
double-strandedRNA, etc ; chromatography; oligonucleotides; therapeutics; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... N-Rich is a twin-column continuous chromatography technology well suited for small-scale isolation and the enrichment of product related impurities. For the first time, N-Rich was used for impurity isolation from a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) therapeutic synthetic oligonucleotide (ON), produced by solid-phase synthesis. By employing the N-Rich process, where the desired impurities are recycled and ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; DNA; cell death; enzymes; pathogens; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plant immune receptors often contain TIR domains, which can oligomerize to form active enzyme complexes in response to pathogen infections. In this issue of Cell, Yu and colleagues discover that some plant TIR domains possess a novel 2′,3′-cAMP/cGMP synthetase activity that cleaves double-stranded RNA/DNA, triggering cell death during plant immune responses. ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; RNA interference; cell culture; mammals; viruses; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The antiviral defense directed by the RNAi pathway employs distinct specificity and effector mechanisms compared with other immune responses. The specificity of antiviral RNAi is programmed by siRNAs processed from virus-derived double-stranded RNA by Dicer endonuclease. Argonaute-containing RNA-induced silencing complex loaded with the viral siRNAs acts as the effector to mediate specific virus c ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Torulaspora delbrueckii; genome; phenotype; viruses; yeasts; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The yeasts Torulaspora delbrueckii (Td) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) may show a killer phenotype that is encoded in dsRNA M viruses (V-M), which require the helper activity of another dsRNA virus (V-LA or V-LBC) for replication. Recently, two TdV-LBCbarr genomes, which share sequence identity with ScV-LBC counterparts, were characterized by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). They also share so ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Bombyx mori; Cypovirus; antimicrobial peptides; circular RNA; genome; immunity; models; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bombyx mori cypovirus (BmCPV), a member of the family Reoviridae, is a model of Cypovirus, has a 10 segmented double-stranded RNA genome. However, so far, only one viral small peptide vSP27 with negative regulation on viral infection was identified; the mechanisms underlying host-BmCPV interaction are still unknown. Here, we identified that vSP27 was translated from a BmCPV derived circular RNA (c ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; RNA interference; apples; canopy; leaves; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising new approach for controlling insect pests without the use of synthetic pesticides. Trunk injection is a delivery system for woody plants that harnesses the vascular system of the tree to transport materials to the tree canopy. Full size apple trees were injected with double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA), and season‐long leaf samples were taken to measure t ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Bombyx mori; Cypovirus; DNA; amino acids; circular RNA; genomics; virus replication; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... To date, some DNA viruses and single-stranded RNA viruses have been found to generate circRNAs. However, the reports on circRNAs produced by double-stranded RNA viruses are very limited. In this study, Bombyx mori cypovirus (BmCPV), a typical double-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Reoviridae, was demonstrated to generate viral circRNAs (vcircRNAs) and a vcircRNA_000048 whose sequence correspon ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; gene expression; gene targeting; genes; larvae; midgut; mortality; pest control; pesticides; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In recent years, gene knockdown technology using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been widely used as an environment-friendly pest control strategy, but its instability and limited cellular uptake have limited its overall effect. Studies have shown that the efficiency of single dsRNA can be improved by using various nanomaterials. However, the effect of stacked-dsRNA wrapped by nanomaterial on pest ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; DNA; agrochemicals; composite polymers; gel electrophoresis; hydrophilicity; ionic strength; polymerization; ribonucleases; therapeutics; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Interaction between the anionic phosphodiester backbone of DNA/RNA and polycations can be exploited as a means of delivering genetic material for therapeutic and agrochemical applications. In this work, quaternized poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PQDMAEMA-b-PDMAₘ) double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) were synthesized via reversible addition–frag ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Arabidopsis; CRISPR-Cas systems; DNA; eukaryotic cells; genes; genomics; immunity; insects; microRNA; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas can provide potential advantages over DNA editing, such as avoiding pleiotropic effects of genome editing, providing precise spatiotemporal regulation, and expanded function including antiviral immunity. RESULTS: Here, we report the use of CRISPR-Cas13 in plants to reduce both viral and endogenous RNA. Unexpectedly, we observe that crRNA designed to guide Cas13 ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; RNA interference; Solenopsis invicta; abdomen; cytochrome P-450; fipronil; genes; mortality; pest resistance; research; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play a key role in pest resistance to insecticides by detoxification. Four new P450 genes, CYP6AS160, CYP6AS161, CYP4AB73 and CYP4G232 were identified from Solenopsis invicta. CYP6AS160 was highly expressed in the abdomen and its expression could be induced significantly with exposure to fipronil, whereas CYP4AB73 was not highly expressed in the abdomen and its expre ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; RNA interference; adsorption; chemical bonding; gene expression; genes; liver; nanocarriers; oligonucleotides; peptides; pharmacokinetics; toxicity; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... RNA interference (RNAi) is a major cellular mechanism regulating gene expression in which short double-stranded RNA molecules called small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediate sequence-specific mRNA degradation. RNAi technology has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic platform for the effective treatment of various diseases caused by inappropriate gene activity, such as cancer. However, the clin ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Anabaena; RNA ligase (ATP); bacteriophages; exons; immune response; immunogenicity; introns; protein kinases; thymidylate synthase; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Exon back-splicing-generated circular RNAs, as a group, can suppress double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated protein kinase R (PKR) in cells. We have sought to synthesize immunogenicity-free, short dsRNA-containing RNA circles as PKR inhibitors. Here, we report that RNA circles synthesized by permuted self-splicing thymidylate synthase (td) introns from T4 bacteriophage or by Anabaena pre-tRNA group ...
... Mycoviruses are widely distributed across fungi, including the yeasts of the Saccharomycotina subphylum. This manuscript reports the first double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus isolated from Pichia membranifaciens. This novel virus has been named Pichia membranifaciens virus L-A (PmV-L-A) and is a member of the Totiviridae. PmV-L-A is 4579 bp in length, with RNA secondary structures similar to the pac ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Sogatella furcifera; biosynthesis; chitin; enzymes; genes; growth and development; head; integument; mortality; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAP) is a key enzyme in the chitin biosynthesis pathway of insects. Here, we described the gene SfUAP in the white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) with an open reading frame of 1470 bp. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) suggested that SfUAP exhibits a different developmental expression pattern and a higher expression ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Spodoptera littoralis; encapsulation; entomopathogens; food consumption; genes; hemocytes; immune response; immunosuppression; insects; pest control; pests; tobacco; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Transgenic plants that express double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting vital insect genes have recently emerged as a valuable new tool for pest control. In this study, tobacco plants were transformed to produce dsRNA targeting Sl 102 gene that is involved in the immune response of Spodoptera littoralis larvae, a serious lepidopteran pest of several crops. Experimental larvae reared on transgenic tob ...
... We compared the stability of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in each of two body fluids (hemolymph, midgut fluid) and in each of two tissues (integument, midgut), and the uptake of dsRNA in each of two cultured tissues (integument, midgut) between the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) and the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis). We further compared the abundance of putative small interfering RN ...
... The physiological and biochemical characterization of the “Halloween” genes has fundamental importance in the biosynthesis pathway of ecdysteroids. These genes were found to catalyze the final phases of ecdysteroid biosynthesis from dietary cholesterol to the molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. We report the characterization of the Cs-Phm in a major insect pest in agriculture, the rice striped ste ...
double-strandedRNA, etc ; Phytophthora; RNA-directed RNA polymerase; amino acids; diagnostic techniques; genome; genotype; geographical distribution; phylogeny; prediction; viruses; New Zealand; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new dsRNA virus from the oomycete Phytophthora pluvialis has been characterized and designated as Phytophthora pluvialis RNA virus 1 (PplRV1). The genome of the PplRV1 reference genome is 6742 bp that encodes two predicted open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 and ORF2 overlap by a 47 nt “slippery” frameshift sequence. ORF1 encodes a putative protein of unknown function. ORF2 shows high similarity to ...
... The physiologic function of tripartite motif protein 56 (TRIM56), a ubiquitously expressed E3 ligase classified within the large TRIM protein family, remains elusive. Gene knockdown studies have suggested TRIM56 as a positive regulator of the type I interferon (IFN-I) antiviral response elicited via the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes ( ...