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1. MAVS‐induced mitochondrial membrane remodeling

Author:
Flores‐Romero, Hector; García‐Sáez, Ana J.
Source:
TheFEBS journal 2019 v.286 no.8 pp. 1540-1542
ISSN:
1742-464X
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; apoptosis; microscopy; mitochondria; mitochondrial membrane;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mitochondrial membrane remodeling has been linked with several cellular processes including mitochondrial damage or apoptotic cell death and proceeds via yet poorly understood mechanisms. In this issue of The FEBS Journal, Hwang et al. used different forms of super resolution microscopy to study the formation of macromolecular complexes of mitochondrial antiviral signal protein (MAVS). They found ...
DOI:
10.1111/febs.14822

2. RNA ligation of very small pseudo nick structures by T4 RNA ligase 2, leading to efficient production of versatile RNA rings

Author:
Cheng, Kai; An, Ran; Cui, Yixiao; Zhang, Yaping; Han, Xutiange; Sui, Zhe; Chen, Hui; Liang, Xingguo; Komiyama, Makoto
Source:
RSC advances 2019 v.9 no.15 pp. 8620-8627
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; RNA ligase (ATP); catalytic activity;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... T4 RNA ligase 2 catalyses two types of reactions: (i) sealing of a nick structure in double-stranded RNA and (ii) connection of two single-stranded RNA strands. In order to obtain comprehensive views on these two types of reactions and widen the application scope of this RNA ligase, we here systematically analysed the connection of single-stranded RNA strands having different secondary structures. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ra01513b

3. Evidence of Aberrant Immune Response by Endogenous Double‐Stranded RNAs: Attack from Within

Author:
Kim, Sujin; Ku, Yongsuk; Ku, Jayoung; Kim, Yoosik
Source:
BioEssays 2019 v.41 no.7 pp. e1900023
ISSN:
0265-9247
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; antigens; human diseases; immune response; innate immunity; mitochondrial genome; pathogenesis; pathogens; proteins;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many innate immune response proteins recognize foreign nucleic acids from invading pathogens to initiate antiviral signaling. These proteins mostly rely on structural characteristics of the nucleic acids rather than their specific sequences to distinguish self and nonself. One feature utilized by RNA sensors is the extended stretch of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) base pairs. However, the criteria f ...
DOI:
10.1002/bies.201900023

4. Ubiquitin-Dependent and -Independent Roles of E3 Ligase RIPLET in Innate Immunity

Author:
Cadena, Cristhian; Ahmad, Sadeem; Xavier, Audrey; Willemsen, Joschka; Park, Sehoon; Park, Ji Woo; Oh, Seong-Wook; Fujita, Takashi; Hou, Fajian; Binder, Marco; Hur, Sun
Source:
Cell 2019 v.177 no.5 pp. 1187-1200.e16
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; innate immunity; ligands; oligomerization; ubiquitin; ubiquitin-protein ligase;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The conventional view posits that E3 ligases function primarily through conjugating ubiquitin (Ub) to their substrate molecules. We report here that RIPLET, an essential E3 ligase in antiviral immunity, promotes the antiviral signaling activity of the viral RNA receptor RIG-I through both Ub-dependent and -independent manners. RIPLET uses its dimeric structure and a bivalent binding mode to prefer ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.017

5. Circle the Wagons: Circular RNAs Control Innate Immunity

Author:
Wilusz, Jeremy E.
Source:
Cell 2019 v.177 no.4 pp. 797-799
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; circular RNA; enzymes; genes; immune response; innate immunity; messenger RNA;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Circular RNAs are generated at low levels from many protein-coding genes. Liu et al. now reveal that many of these transcripts bind and inhibit the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent kinase PKR. Upon viral infection, circular RNAs are globally degraded to release PKR, which becomes activated to aid in the immune response. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.020

6. Key factors determining variations in RNA interference efficacy mediated by different double‐stranded RNA lengths in Tribolium castaneum

Author:
Wang, K.; Peng, Y.; Fu, W.; Shen, Z.; Han, Z.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2019 v.28 no.2 pp. 235-245
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; RNA interference; Tribolium castaneum; bioactive properties; genes; hemolymph; in vitro studies; midgut; nucleases;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) length may affect RNA interference (RNAi) efficacy. Herein, variation in RNAi efficacy associated with dsRNA molecular length was confirmed via comparison of knockdown results following dsRNA injection into Tribolium castaneum. Through in vitro experiments with T. castaneum midgut, dsRNA accumulation in the midgut, degradation by midgut homogenates and persistence in ha ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12546

7. Horizontal and vertical transmission of the hypovirulence-associated mycovirus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi virus 1

Author:
Lemus-Minor, Carlos G.; Cañizares, M. Carmen; García-Pedrajas, M. D.; Pérez-Artés, Encarnación
Source:
European journal of plant pathology 2019 v.153 no.2 pp. 645-650
ISSN:
0929-1873
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; Chrysoviridae; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium wilt; conidiation; fungi; genome; hyphae; liquids; mycoviruses; phenotype; virulence;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mycovirus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi virus 1 (FodV1) has been recently described infecting isolate Fod 116 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi (Fod). FodV1 is a new member of the family Chrysoviridae, and its genome consists of four dsRNA segments ranging from 2.6 to 3.5 kb. Presence of high levels of FodV1 in its original fungal host correlated with alteration of some phenotypic traits, i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10658-018-1554-0

8. Molecular mechanisms influencing efficiency of RNA interference in insects

Author:
Cooper, Anastasia MW; Silver, Kristopher; Zhang, Jianzhen; Park, Yoonseong; Zhu, Kun Yan
Source:
Pest management science 2019 v.75 no.1 pp. 18-28
ISSN:
1526-498X
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; RNA interference; developmental stages; genes; insects; pest management; reverse genetics; ribonucleases; tissues; viruses;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... RNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous, sequence‐specific gene‐silencing mechanism elicited by small RNA molecules. RNAi is a powerful reverse genetic tool, and is currently being utilized for managing insects and viruses. Widespread implementation of RNAi‐based pest management strategies is currently hindered by inefficient and highly variable results when different insect species, strains, dev ...
DOI:
10.1002/ps.5126

9. TRIM25 Binds RNA to Modulate Cellular Anti-viral Defense

Author:
Sanchez, Jacint G.; Sparrer, Konstantin M.J.; Chiang, Cindy; Reis, Rebecca A.; Chiang, Jessica J.; Zurenski, Matthew A.; Wan, Yueping; Gack, Michaela U.; Pornillos, Owen
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2018 v.430 no.24 pp. 5280-5293
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; antiviral properties; ubiquitin-protein ligase; ubiquitination; viruses;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... TRIM25 is a multi-domain, RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase of the tripartite motif family that has important roles in multiple RNA-dependent processes. In particular, TRIM25 functions as an effector of RIG-I and ZAP, which are innate immune sensors that recognize viral RNA and induce ubiquitin-dependent anti-viral response mechanisms. TRIM25 is reported to also bind RNA, but the molecular details of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2018.10.003

10. Dicer-like Enzymes with Sequence Cleavage Preferences

Author:
Hoehener, Cristina; Hug, Iris; Nowacki, Mariusz
Source:
Cell 2018 v.173 no.1 pp. 234-247.e7
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; DNA; Paramecium; cleavage (chemistry); enzymes; proteins;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dicer proteins are known to produce small RNAs (sRNAs) from long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) templates. These sRNAs are bound by Argonaute proteins, which select the guide strand, often with a 5′ end sequence bias. However, Dicer proteins have never been shown to have sequence cleavage preferences. In Paramecium development, two classes of sRNAs that are required for DNA elimination are produced b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.029

11. The OST‐complex as target for RNAi‐based pest control in Nilaparvata lugens

Author:
De Schutter, Kristof; Chen, Pengyu; Shen, Ying; Van Damme, Els J. M.; Smagghe, Guy
Source:
Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology 2019 v.101 no.3 pp. e21555
ISSN:
0739-4462
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; Nilaparvata lugens; genes; glycosylation; insect pests; mortality; nymphs; pest control; pesticides; protein subunits; rice; transferases;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... RNAi‐based pest control strategies are emerging as environment friendly and species‐specific alternatives for the use of conventional pesticides. Because N‐glycosylation is important for many biological processes, such as growth and development, the early steps of protein N‐glycosylation are promising targets for an RNAi‐based pest control strategy. Through injection of dsRNAs, the expression of t ...
DOI:
10.1002/arch.21555

12. Alkaline phosphatase 2 is a functional receptor of Cry1Ac but not Cry2Ab in Helicoverpa zea

Author:
Wei, J.; Zhang, M.; Liang, G.; Li, X.
Source:
Insect molecular biology 2019 v.28 no.3 pp. 372-379
ISSN:
0962-1075
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; Helicoverpa zea; RNA interference; Spodoptera frugiperda; alkaline phosphatase; crystal proteins; diet; fat body; larvae; midgut;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although membrane‐bound alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) have been proposed as a receptor for Cry1Ac in a few lepidopteran species, their potential functions as a Cry2Ab receptor are yet to be verified. To determine if ALP2 also serves as a receptor for Cry1Ac and even for Cry2Ab in Helicoverpa zea, we measured the potency of activated Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab against midgut and fat body cell lines of H. zea ...
DOI:
10.1111/imb.12556

13. Transcriptional silencing of vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) subtype-I in the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

Author:
Kang, Bong Jung; Bae, Sun-Hye; Suzuki, Tomoya; Niitsu, Shuhei; Wilder, Marcy N.
Source:
Aquaculture 2019 v.506 pp. 119-126
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; Litopenaeus vannamei; captive animals; females; green fluorescent protein; hemolymph; messenger RNA; spawning; transcription (genetics); vitellogenin;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Eyestalk ablation, which is a method for the removal of the source of vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH), is frequently used in Litopenaeus vannamei in order to stimulate ovarian maturation and spawning in captivity. In this study, we assessed the effects of vih silencing using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in L. vannamei females. The relative expression levels of vitellogenin (vg) and vih were ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.03.028

14. Structure and Degradation of Circular RNAs Regulate PKR Activation in Innate Immunity

Author:
Liu, Chu-Xiao; Li, Xiang; Nan, Fang; Jiang, Shan; Gao, Xiang; Guo, Si-Kun; Xue, Wei; Cui, Yange; Dong, Kaige; Ding, Huihua; Qu, Bo; Zhou, Zhaocai; Shen, Nan; Yang, Li; Chen, Ling-Ling
Source:
Cell 2019 v.177 no.4 pp. 865-880.e21
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; T-lymphocytes; circular RNA; exons; innate immunity; lupus erythematosus; patients; phosphorylation; protein kinases; ribonucleases;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Circular RNAs (circRNAs) produced from back-splicing of exons of pre-mRNAs are widely expressed, but current understanding of their functions is limited. These RNAs are stable in general and are thought to have unique structural conformations distinct from their linear RNA cognates. Here, we show that endogenous circRNAs tend to form 16–26 bp imperfect RNA duplexes and act as inhibitors of double- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.046

15. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in an exogenous transgene and an endogenous sex determination gene in the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa

Author:
Li, Jianwei; Handler, Alfred M.
Source:
Gene 2019 v.691 pp. 160-166
ISSN:
0378-1119
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; Anastrepha suspensa; exons; females; fluorescence; gene editing; imagos; males; phenotype; sex determination; somatic mutation; transgenes; transgenic insects;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene-editing, using injected Cas9 protein, was achieved in the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa, by initially targeting an exogenous transgene, polyubiquitin-regulated EGFP (PUb-EGFP), for heritable non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) knock-outs using an individual sgRNA. Multiple deletion mutations, ranging from two to five nts proximal to the target site, were identifi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.055

16. MAVS polymers smaller than 80 nm induce mitochondrial membrane remodeling and interferon signaling

Author:
Hwang, Ming‐Shih; Boulanger, Jérôme; Howe, Jonathan D.; Albecka, Anna; Pasche, Mathias; Mureşan, Leila; Modis, Yorgo
Source:
TheFEBS journal 2019 v.286 no.8 pp. 1543-1560
ISSN:
1742-464X
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; apoptosis; caspases; image analysis; interferons; light microscopy; mitochondria; mitochondrial membrane; models; oligomerization; polymerization; polymers; prions; receptors;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a potent proinflammatory signature of viral infection and is sensed primarily by RIG‐I‐like receptors (RLRs). Oligomerization of RLRs following binding to cytosolic dsRNA activates and nucleates self‐assembly of the mitochondrial antiviral‐signaling protein (MAVS). In the current signaling model, the caspase recruitment domains of MAVS form helical fibrils that self‐ ...
DOI:
10.1111/febs.14772

17. Whole genome analyses of DS-1-like Rotavirus A strains detected in children with acute diarrhoea in southern Mozambique suggest several reassortment events

Author:
Strydom, Amy; João, Eva Dora; Motanyane, Lithabiso; Nyaga, Martin M.; Christiaan Potgieter, A.; Cuamba, Assa; Mandomando, Inacio; Cassocera, Marta; de Deus, Nilsa; O'Neill, Hester G.
Source:
Infection, genetics, and evolution 2019 v.69 pp. 68-75
ISSN:
1567-1348
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; Rotavirus A; cell culture; children; complementary DNA; diarrhea; feces; genome; genotype; genotyping; hospitals; monitoring; phylogeny; Mozambique;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report the first whole genome constellations of Mozambican rotavirus A strains detected between 2012 and 2013 in the Mavalane General Hospital in Maputo city and Manhiça District Hospital in the Manhiça district. Consensus sequences for ten DS-1-like strains (G2P[4] and G8P[4]) were identified with an Illumina Miseq platform using cDNA prepared from dsRNA extracted from stool samples, without g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meegid.2019.01.011

18. Sequence- And Structure-Specific Probing of RNAs by Short Nucleobase-Modified dsRNA-Binding PNAs Incorporating a Fluorescent Light-up Uracil Analog

Author:
Krishna, Manchugondanahalli S.; Toh, Desiree-Faye Kaixin; Meng, Zhenyu; Ong, Alan Ann Lerk; Wang, Zhenzhang; Lu, Yunpeng; Xia, Kelin; Prabakaran, Mookkan; Chen, Gang
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2019 v.91 no.8 pp. 5331-5338
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; DNA; binding capacity; biomarkers; emissions factor; fluorescence; gel electrophoresis; influenza; oligonucleotides; pH; peptides; sodium chloride; therapeutics; uracil;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... RNAs are emerging as important biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The strategy of directly targeting double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) by triplex-formation is relatively underexplored mainly due to the weak binding at physiological conditions for the traditional triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs). Compared to DNA and RNA, peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are chemically stable and have a neutral peptid ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00280

19. Computational approaches for detection and quantification of A-to-I RNA-editing

Author:
Pinto, Yishay; Levanon, Erez Y.
Source:
Methods 2019 v.156 pp. 25-31
ISSN:
1046-2023
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; RNA editing; adenosine deaminase; computational methodology; genome; genomics; immune system; loci; messenger RNA; researchers; sequence analysis; transcriptome;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) catalyze adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing in double-stranded RNA. Such editing is important for protection against false activation of the immune system, but also confers plasticity on the transcriptome by generating several versions of a transcript from a single genomic locus. Recently, great efforts were made in developing computational metho ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.11.011

20. Identification of RNAi-related genes and transgenerational efficiency of RNAi in Artemia franciscana

Author:
Viet Dung, Nguyen; Christiaens, Olivier; Le Van Bao, Duy; De Vos, Stephanie; MacRae, Thomas H.; Smagghe, Guy; Bossier, Peter
Source:
Aquaculture 2019 v.501 pp. 285-292
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
double-stranded RNA,   etc   ; Artemia franciscana; RNA interference; arthropods; binding proteins; genes; microRNA; nauplii; phenotype; phylogeny; small interfering RNA;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Artemia and the RNA interference technique were used in research to explore the function of genes in crustaceans. In this study, we annotated and characterized nine putative genes involved in RNA interference in Artemia franciscana including two Dicer, three Argonauts, two dsRNA binding proteins, Drosha and Sid-1 together with evidence of Pasha and Exportin-5. The phylogenetic results indicated th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.09.042