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1. The Battle between Retroviruses and APOBEC3 Genes: Its Past and Present

Author:
Uriu, Keiya; Kosugi, Yusuke; Ito, Jumpei; Sato, Kei
Source:
Viruses 2021 v.13 no.1
ISSN:
1999-4915
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; coevolution; cytosine; mammals;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The APOBEC3 family of proteins in mammals consists of cellular cytosine deaminases and well-known restriction factors against retroviruses, including lentiviruses. APOBEC3 genes are highly amplified and diversified in mammals, suggesting that their evolution and diversification have been driven by conflicts with ancient viruses. At present, lentiviruses, including HIV, the causative agent of AIDS, ...
DOI:
10.3390/v13010124

2. Molecular characterization of poleroviruses isolated from oilseed rape in Greece

Author:
Orfanidou, C. G.; Lotos, L.; Tsiolakis, G.; Stefanidis, S. K.; Tsialtas, J. T.; Katis, N. I.; Maliogka, V. I.
Source:
Virus genes 2021 v.57 no.3 pp. 289-292
ISSN:
0920-8569
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Brassica napus; sequence homology; turnips; viruses; Greece;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In 2018 virus-like symptoms, typical of polerovirus infection were observed in several oilseed rape crops in northern Greece. In order to identify the etiological agent of these symptoms a polerovirus-generic RT-PCR assay was applied. Sequencing of the amplicons revealed the presence of virus isolates genetically close to turnip yellows virus (TuYV). Further molecular characterization of the near ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11262-021-01832-1

3. Three different genotypes of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) identified in pigs and warthogs in Namibia

Author:
Molini, Umberto; Franzo, Giovanni; Gous, Lené; Moller, Sjandré; Hemberger, Yvonne Maria; Chiwome, Bernard; Marruchella, Giuseppe; Khaiseb, Siegfried; Cattoli, Giovanni; Dundon, William G.
Source:
Archives of virology 2021 v.166 no.6 pp. 1723-1728
ISSN:
0304-8608
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Porcine circovirus; Porcine circovirus-2; phylogeny; virology; Namibia;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) is the causative agent of porcine circovirus diseases (PCVD). A study was undertaken to determine whether PCV-2 was present in samples collected from commercial pigs (n = 46) and warthogs (n = 42) in Namibia between 2019 and 2020. Twenty-three of the collected samples were positive by PCR (13 from pigs and 10 from warthogs), and a phylogenetic analysis of ORF2 identifi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00705-021-05035-9

4. Trueperella pyogenes Induced Cerebral Abscess in a West Highland White Terrier

Author:
Mustafa, Usta; Fatma, İlhan; Hasan, Özen; Ziya, İlhan; Musa, Karaman; Yusuf, Kurban Muhammed
Source:
Acta veterinaria 2021 v.71 no.1 pp. 113-119
ISSN:
1820-7448
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Arcanobacterium pyogenes; abscess; histopathology; meningoencephalitis; necropsy; thalamus;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cerebral abscesses are occasionally seen in animals, however are rare in dogs. Among the pyogenic bacteria causing cerebral abscesses Trueperella pyogenes is relatively scarce. In this report, a case of T. pyogenes induced cerebral abscess in a West Highland White Terrier was presented with histopathological and bacteriological findings. Two foci of cerebral abscesses located at the level of the t ...
DOI:
10.2478/acve-2021-0009

5. The oncogenic pathways of papillomaviruses

Author:
Kaynarcalidan, Onur; Oğuzoğlu, Tuba Çiğdem
Source:
Veterinary and comparative oncology 2021 v.19 no.1 pp. 7-16
ISSN:
1476-5810
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; ; DNA; Papillomaviridae; cattle; evolution; oncogene proteins;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Papillomaviruses are oncogenic DNA viruses and induce hyperplastic benign lesions of both cutaneous and mucosal tissues in their various hosts, including many domestic and wild animals as well as humans. There are some Papillomavirus genotypes that can infect hosts different from their own, such as BPV 1 and BPV 2 originated from cattle, which can also infect horses and are responsible for fibrobl ...
DOI:
10.1111/vco.12659

6. Mutations in the VP2 gene of rotavirus associated with benzimidazole sensitivity

Author:
Chávez-Maya, Fernando; García-Espinosa, Gary; López-Arellano, María Eugenia; Padilla-Noriega, Luis
Source:
Virus research 2021 v.291 pp. 198189
ISSN:
0168-1702
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Rotavirus; benzimidazole; gastroenteritis; genes; immunity; research; vaccination; viruses;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rotavirus species A (RVA) is the etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis in young individuals of various animal species, including humans. Vaccination has helped to reduce the impact of these viruses on humans and some species of domestic mammals, but they do not confer complete immunity, so antirotavirus agents are another important control option. In this study, millimolar concentrations of b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198189

7. Sero- and apx-typing of German Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae field isolates from 2010 to 2019 reveals a predominance of serovar 2 with regular apx-profile

Author:
Schuwerk, Lukas; Hoeltig, Doris; Waldmann, Karl-Heinz; Valentin-Weigand, Peter; Rohde, Judith
Source:
BMC veterinary research 2021 v.52 no.1 pp. 10
ISSN:
1297-9716
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; meninges; operon; pleuropneumonia; serology; serotypes; swine; veterinary medicine; virulence;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Serotyping is the most common method to characterize field isolates of Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae, the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. Based on serology, many farms seem to be infected and antibodies against a wide variety of serovars are detectable, but, so far it is unknown to what degree respective serovars contribute to outbreaks of clinical manifest disease. In this st ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13567-020-00890-x

8. Temporal phylogeny and molecular characterization of echovirus 30 associated with aseptic meningitis outbreaks in China

Author:
Tian, Xiaoling; Han, Zhenzhi; He, Yulong; Sun, Qiang; Wang, Wenrui; Xu, Wenbo; Li, Hongying; Zhang, Yong
Source:
Virology journal 2021 v.18 no.1 pp. 118
ISSN:
1743-422X
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; epidemiological studies; genetic variation; genotype; meningitis; phylogeny; virology; viruses; China; Taiwan;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: An outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred from June to August 2016, in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. METHODS: To determine its epidemiological characteristics, etiologic agent, and possible origin, specimens were collected for virus isolation and identification, followed by molecular epidemiological analysis. RESULTS: A total of 363 patients were clinically diagnosed from J ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12985-021-01590-4

9. A case of human breast sparganosis diagnosed as Spirometra Type I by molecular analysis in Japan

Author:
Okino, Tetsuya; Yamasaki, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Yutaka; Fukuma, Yuna; Kurebayashi, Junichi; Sanuki, Fumiaki; Moriya, Takuya; Ushirogawa, Hiroshi; Saito, Mineki
Source:
Parasitology international 2021 v.84 pp. 102383
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Japan; Spirometra; biopsy; breasts; humans; mitochondrial DNA; parasites; parasitology; pathogenicity; women;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... A 92-year-old Japanese woman presented with a mass in the left breast, and sparganosis was suspected by biopsy of the mass. The mass disappeared once, but it reappeared at the same site one year later. For a definitive diagnosis, the mass was surgically removed, and a sparganum-like worm was detected. The causative agent was confirmed as Spirometra Type I (most probably Spirometra mansoni) by mito ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2021.102383

10. Copepod consumption by amphibians and fish with implications for transmission of Dracunculus species

Author:
Box, Erin K.; Cleveland, Christopher A.; Garrett, Kayla B.; Grunert, Ryan K.; Hutchins, Katherine; Majewska, Ania A.; Thompson, Alec T.; Wyckoff, Seth T.; Ehlers, Coles; Yabsley, Michael J.
Source:
International journal for parasitology 2021 v.15 pp. 231-237
ISSN:
2213-2244
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Copepoda; Dracunculus medinensis; Xenopus laevis; adults; fish; humans; intermediate hosts; parasitology; wildlife;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Parasitic nematodes in the genus Dracunculus have a complex life cycle that requires more than one host species in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. The most well-studied species, Dracunculus medinensis, is the causative agent of human Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis). There are several other Dracunculus species that infect non-human animals, primarily wildlife (reptiles and mammals). The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.06.001

11. Investigation of Mycobacterium bovis and Metastrongylus sp. co-infection and its relationship to tuberculosis lesions’ occurrence in wild boars

Author:
Lopes, Bruna Correa; Vidaletti, Marina Roth; Loiko, Márcia Regina; Andrade, Juliana da Silva; Maciel, Anna Luiza Gisler; Doyle, Rovaina Laureano; Bertagnolli, Angélica Cavalheiro; Rodrigues, Rogério Oliveira; Driemeier, David; Mayer, Fabiana Quoos
Source:
Comparative immunology, microbiology, and infectious diseases 2021 v.77 pp. 101674
ISSN:
0147-9571
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Metastrongylus; Mycobacterium bovis; immune response; microbiology; mixed infection; tuberculosis; zoonoses;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Animal tuberculosis (aTB) is a zoonotic disease characterized by granulomatous lesions on affected tissues, occurring as a consequence of immunological response to infection. Mycobacterium bovis, the main causative agent of aTB, was investigated in Brazilian wild boars with 37.7 % (29/77) positivity. Among these animals, most had no macroscopic tuberculosis-like lesions (89.6 %; 26/29). The existe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101674

12. Molecular Identification, Incidence, and Distribution of Acidovorax avenae in the Sugarcane-Producing Agroecological Regions of Mexico

Author:
Hernández-Juárez, Camilo; Silva-Rojas, Hilda V.; De León García de Alba, Carlos; Hernández-Juárez, Evelio; Osnaya-González, Mónica; Valdovinos-Ponce, Guadalupe; Nava-Morales, Gerardo M.; Aranda-Ocampo, Sergio
Source:
Sugar tech 2021 v.23 no.4 pp. 891-899
ISSN:
0972-1525
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Acidovorax avenae; Saccharum; necrosis; nucleotide sequences; phenotype; phylogeny; stem rot; sugarcane; sugars; Mexico;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Acidovorax avenae causes red stripe disease, which is characterised by red stripe and top rot symptoms in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids). The incidence of one or both these symptoms in the sugarcane fields was up to 30% in the Chiapas and Veracruz states of Mexico between 2015 and 2016. This study aimed to identify the causative agent of these symptoms and to determine the distribution and inc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12355-021-00964-w

13. Plasmodium UIS3 avoids host cell-autonomous exclusion that requires GABARAPs but not LC3 and autophagy

Author:
Pradipta, Ariel; Bando, Hironori; Ma, Ji Su; Tanaka, Shun; Sasai, Miwa; Yamamoto, Masahiro
Source:
Parasitology international 2021 v.83 pp. 102335
ISSN:
1383-5769
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Plasmodium; autophagy; hepatocytes; malaria; mammals; models; parasites; parasitology; sporozoites;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sporozoites of the etiological agent of malaria, Plasmodium, form parasitophorous vacuoles (PVs) in hepatocytes. The PV membranes (PVM) are coated with a well-known host autophagy marker LC3 and parasite-derived protein called Upregulated in infective sporozoites 3 (UIS3), which has been shown to interact with LC3 and inhibit LC3-mediated autophagic disruption at the PV. Although uis3(−) sporozoit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.parint.2021.102335

14. Nano-Leish-IL: A novel iron oxide-based nanocomposite drug platform for effective treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis

Author:
Kannan, Sriram; Harel, Yifat; Levy, Esthy; Dolitzky, Avishay; Sagiv, Assaf E.; Aryal, Saurav; Suleman, Laila; Lellouche, Jean-Paul; Michaeli, Shulamit
Source:
Journal of controlled release 2021 v.335 pp. 203-215
ISSN:
0168-3659
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Trypanosoma brucei; chemistry; cutaneous leishmaniasis; cytolysis; drugs; lysosomes; maghemite; nanocomposites; polymers;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Kinetoplastids are infamous parasites that include trypanosomes and Leishmania species. Here, we developed an anti-Leishmania nano-drug using ultra-small functional maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles (NPs) that were surface-doped by [CeLₙ]³/⁴⁺ to enable effective binding of the polycationic polyethylenebyimine (PEI) polymer by coordinative chemistry. This resulting nano-drug is cytolytic in-vitro t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.019

15. Cross-priming amplification targeting the 18S rRNA gene for the rapid diagnosis of Babesia bovis infection

Author:
Wang, Jinming; Gao, Shandian; Yang, Jifei; Liu, Junlong; Li, Youquan; Luo, Jianxun; Guan, Guiquan; Yin, Hong
Source:
Ticks and tick-borne diseases 2021 v.12 no.4 pp. 101713
ISSN:
1877-959X
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Babesia bovis; babesiosis; blood; cattle; detection limit; diagnostic techniques; genes; rapid methods; China;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Babesia bovis is a known causative agent of bovine babesiosis and is widely distributed across China. Rapid detection and accurate identification of B. bovis is essential for follow-up management and epidemiological investigations. In this study, a cross-priming amplification combined with vertical flow (CPA-VF) assay was developed. The detection limit of the CPA-VF assay targeting the 18S rRNA ge ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101713

16. Heterogeneous Host–Pathogen Encounters Coordinate Antibiotic Resilience in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author:
Mishra, Richa; Yadav, Vikas; Guha, Madhura; Singh, Amit
Source:
Trends in microbiology 2021 v.29 no.7 pp. 606-620
ISSN:
0966-842X
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; antibiotics; drug resistance; immunity; microbiology; phenotype; phenotypic variation; therapeutics; tuberculosis;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Successful treatment of tuberculosis (TB) depends on the eradication of its causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in the host. However, the emergence of phenotypically drug-resistant Mtb in the host environment tempers the ability of antibiotics to cure disease. Host immunity produces diverse microenvironmental niches that are exploited by Mtb to mobilize adaptation programs. Such diffe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2020.10.013

17. Ultraconserved elements reconstruct the evolution of Chagas disease‐vectoring kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae)

Author:
Kieran, Troy J.; Gordon, Eric R.L.; Zaldívar‐Riverón, Alejandro; Ibarra‐Cerdeña, Carlos N.; Glenn, Travis C.; Weirauch, Christiane
Source:
Systematic entomology 2021 v.46 no.3 pp. 725-740
ISSN:
0307-6970
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Chagas disease; Panstrongylus; Rhodnius; Triatoma; Trypanosoma cruzi; data collection; entomology; fauna; human diseases; monophyly;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Triatominae are the largest radiation of haematophagous species within the true bugs (Hemiptera) and the sole vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected human disease that affects millions. We used a combined ultraconserved element (UCE) and ribosomal dataset from ethanol‐preserved and pinned specimens in a museomics approach to elucidate the phylogenet ...
DOI:
10.1111/syen.12485

18. Detection of Human Sapoviruses in Sewage in China by Next Generation Sequencing

Author:
Song, Ke; Lin, Xiaojuan; Liu, Yao; Ji, Feng; Zhang, Li; Chen, Peng; Zhao, Chenxu; Song, Yanyan; Tao, Zexin; Xu, Aiqiang
Source:
Food and environmental virology 2021 v.13 no.2 pp. 270-280
ISSN:
1867-0334
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Sapovirus; capsid; environmental monitoring; gastroenteritis; genome; genotype; humans; phylogeny; sewage; virology; China;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Human sapovirus (SaV) is an important causative agent of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in humans. However, little is known about its circulation in China. To study the prevalence and diversity of human SaV genotypes circulating in eastern China, a 3-year environmental surveillance combined with next generation sequencing (NGS) technology was conducted. A total of 36 raw sewage samples were collecte ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12560-021-09469-x

19. Pseudomonas sp. as the causative agent of anomalous blue discoloration in Brazilian fresh soft cheese (Minas Frescal)

Author:
Rodrigues, Rafaela da Silva; Machado, Solimar Gonçalves; Carvalho, Antônio Fernandes de; Nero, Luís Augusto
Source:
International dairy journal 2021 v.117 pp. 105020
ISSN:
0958-6946
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Pseudomonas; computer simulation; discoloration; multilocus sequence typing; soft cheeses; Brazil;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, we investigated the anomalous blue discoloration in fresh cheeses produced in Brazil (Minas Frescal). Isolates (n = 31) obtained from Minas Frescal cheeses with blue discoloration and identified as Pseudomonas spp. through PCR. These isolates were characterised as able to produce a diffusible blue pigment in vitro at different temperatures (5, 14 and 25 °C) after 24 h of incubation. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105020

20. Extracellular vesicles in the context of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Author:
Palacios, Ainhoa; Gupta, Shamba; Rodriguez, G. Marcela; Prados-Rosales, Rafael
Source:
Molecular immunology 2021 v.133 pp. 175-181
ISSN:
0161-5890
Subject:
etiological agents,   etc   ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; biogenesis; cell-mediated immunity; glycolipids; humans; hydrophobicity; therapeutics; tuberculosis;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The production of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has emerged as an important process in bacterial biology and host-pathogen interactions. Like many other bacteria, mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB), produces EVs in vitro and in vivo. These membrane-enclosed nanoparticles enable Mtb to secrete hydrophobic molecules, proteins, lipi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.010