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1. Automated cattle counting using Mask R-CNN in quadcopter vision system

Author:
Xu, Beibei; Wang, Wensheng; Falzon, Greg; Kwan, Paul; Guo, Leifeng; Chen, Guipeng; Tait, Amy; Schneider, Derek
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2020 v.171 pp. 105300
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; algorithms; artificial intelligence; automation; cattle; data collection; image analysis; livestock husbandry; pastures; unmanned aerial vehicles;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The accurate and reliable counting of animals in quadcopter acquired imagery is one of the most promising but challenging tasks in intelligent livestock management in the future. In this paper we demonstrate the application of the cutting-edge instance segmentation framework, Mask R-CNN, in the context of cattle counting in different situations such as extensive production pastures and also in int ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2020.105300

2. Longitudinal Characterization of Prevalence and Concentration of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli Serogroups in Feces of Individual Feedlot Cattle

Author:
Dixon, Andrea; Cernicchiaro, Natalia; Amachawadi, Raghavendra G.; Shi, Xiaorong; Cull, Charley A.; Renter, David G.
Source:
Foodborne pathogens & disease 2020
ISSN:
1556-7125
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli; cattle; feces; monitoring; pathogens; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; serotypes;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to quantify the frequency, distribution, and variability of fecal shedding and super-shedding of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157 in feedlot cattle over time. A total of 750 fecal grab samples were collected over a 5-week period (June–July 2017) from 150 cattle housed in 10 pens at a commercial feedl ...
DOI:
10.1089/fpd.2019.2777

3. Competitive forces affecting capacity decisions of South Dakota feedlot operations

Author:
Fausti, Scott W.; Diersen, Matthew A.
Source:
Agricultural economics 2020 v.51 no.3 pp. 459-473
ISSN:
0169-5150
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; agricultural management; cost effectiveness; empirical research; industry; niche markets; probability; profits and margins; surveys; value added; South Dakota;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... A strategic management framework for the analysis of small and medium size firm behavior within a fragmented industry structure is developed. This literature predicts falling profits in the long run will drive out less efficient firms as the industry consolidates. This literature also predicts successful firms will engage in value‐added production and/or adopt a cost reduction strategy to gain a c ...
DOI:
10.1111/agec.12565

4. Performance, ingestive behavior and cost of production of finishing lambs fed non-forage diets

Author:
Cardoso Mendes, Jéssica Antonia; Maia Parente, Michelle Oliveira; Nunes Parente, Henrique; Zanine, Anderson Moura; Ferreira, Daniele Jesus; Moreira Filho, Miguel Arcanjo; Leme Da Cunha, Ivo Alexandre; Ladim, Aline V.; Sousa Da Rocha, Karlyene
Source:
Biological rhythm research 2020 v.51 no.3 pp. 460-470
ISSN:
1744-4179
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; bioeconomics; crude protein; diet; digestibility; hay; lamb finishing; lambs; mastication; metabolizable energy; nutrient intake; organic matter; production costs; profits and margins; rumination; sheep feeding; Brazil;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objective was to evaluate the effect of the use of a non-forage diet in feeding finished sheep in a feedlot regarding intake, nutrient digestibility, performance, ingestive behavior, and cost analysis with feed. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized complete block, with two treatments and eight blocks per treatment. The treatments were the control diet (30 of hay and 70% of c ...
DOI:
10.1080/09291016.2018.1535540

5. A direct qPCR screening approach to improve the efficiency of Mycoplasma bovis isolation in the frame of a broad surveillance study

Author:
Andrés-Lasheras, Sara; Zaheer, Rahat; Ha, Reuben; Lee, Catrione; Jelinski, Murray; McAllister, Tim A.
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2020 v.169 pp. 105805
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; DNA; Mycoplasma bovis; agar; antibiotic resistance; bacterial culture; cattle; culture media; diagnostic techniques; labor; monitoring; phenotype; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; screening; Alberta;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Culturing Mycoplasma bovis is laborious and unpredictable with most laboratories relying on molecular methods for its detection and identification. However, bacterial culture is still necessary to relate phenotypic characteristics to genotypic traits within and between individual strains. Thus, the main objective of this study was to develop a procedure that saved time and consumables during the c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105805

6. Antimicrobial use and stewardship practices on Australian beef feedlots

Author:
Badger, SM; Sullivan, KF; Jordan, D; Caraguel, CGB; Page, SW; Cusack, PMV; Frith, D; Trott, DJ
Source:
Australian veterinary journal 2020 v.98 no.1-2 pp. 37-47
ISSN:
0005-0423
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; animals; beef; cross-sectional studies; drugs; gastrointestinal diseases; growth promotion; livestock and meat industry; medicine; monensin; motivation; musculoskeletal system; oxytetracycline; penicillins; questionnaires; surveys; virginiamycin; Australia;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: Improving antimicrobial stewardship in the livestock sector requires an understanding of the motivations for antimicrobial use and the quantities consumed. However,detailed information on antimicrobial use in livestock sectors is lacking. This cross‐sectional study aimed to better understand antimicrobial use in the beef feedlot sector in Australia. DESIGN: A self‐administered questionn ...
DOI:
10.1111/avj.12889

7. A systematic review and network meta-analysis of injectable antibiotic options for the control of bovine respiratory disease in the first 45 days post arrival at the feedlot

Author:
O'Connor, A. M.; Hu, D.; Totton, S. C.; Scott, N.; Winder, C. B.; Wang, B.; Wang, C.; Glanville, J.; Wood, H.; White, B.; Larson, R.; Waldner, C.; Sargeant, J. M.
Source:
Animal health research reviews 2019 v.20 no.2 pp. 163-181
ISSN:
1475-2654
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; beef cattle; bovine respiratory disease; drugs; information sources; macrolides; meta-analysis; oxytetracycline; systematic review;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to determine the comparative efficacy of antibiotics used to control bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in beef cattle on feedlots. The information sources for the review were: MEDLINE®, MEDLINE In-Process and MEDLINE® Daily, AGRICOLA, Epub Ahead of Print, Cambridge Agricultural and Biological Index, Science Citation Index, Conference Procee ...
DOI:
10.1017/S1466252320000031

8. Cattle segmentation and contour extraction based on Mask R-CNN for precision livestock farming

Author:
Qiao, Yongliang; Truman, Matthew; Sukkarieh, Salah
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2019 v.165
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; body condition; body weight; cattle; computer vision; data collection; lighting; precision agriculture;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... In precision livestock farming, computer vision based approaches have been widely used to obtain individual cattle health and welfare information such as body condition score, live weight, activity behaviours. For this, precisely segmenting each cattle image from its background is a prerequisite, which is an important step towards obtaining real-time individual cattle information. In this paper, a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2019.104958

9. Effects of needle gauge and syringe size on small intestinal leakage at injection sites

Author:
Brand, Kenneth J.; Hess, Emily; Risselada, Marije
Source:
Veterinary surgery 2019 v.48 no.7 pp. 1237-1244
ISSN:
0161-3499
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; injection site; jejunum; multivariate analysis; odds ratio; protective effect; surgery; swine; syringes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of needle gauge, syringe volume, and syringe size on needle tract leakage after injection in porcine jejunum. STUDY DESIGN: Ex vivo experiment. SAMPLE POPULATION: Three hundred sixty jejunal segments from 20 feedlot pigs. METHODS: Fresh porcine intestines were divided into 5‐cm or 10‐cm segments and randomly assigned to the one of nine treatment groups: 25‐gau ...
DOI:
10.1111/vsu.13278

10. Micrometeorological Methods for Measuring Methane Emission Reduction at Beef Cattle Feedlots: Evaluation of 3-Nitrooxypropanol Feed Additive

Author:
McGinn, S. M.; Flesch, T. K.; Beauchemin, K. A.; Shreck, A.; Kindermann, M.
Source:
Journal of environmental quality 2019 v.48 no.5 pp. 1454-1461
ISSN:
0047-2425
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; ammonia; beef cattle; diet; feed additives; greenhouse gas emissions; methane; odors; seasonal variation;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... It is highly desirable to test agricultural emission mitigation strategies in a whole-farm environment to ensure that all aspects of management and production operations are included. However, the large spatial scale of commercial operations makes the dual measurements of control and treatment(s) difficult. We evaluated the application of two micrometeorological methods, a novel concentration rati ...
DOI:
10.2134/jeq2018.11.0412

11. Predicting feedlot cattle performance from intake of dry matter and NEg early in the feeding period

Author:
Silvestre, A.M.; Cruz, G.D.; Owens, F.N.; Pereira, M.C.S.; Hicks, R.B.; Millen, D.D.
Source:
Livestock science 2019 v.223 pp. 108-115
ISSN:
1871-1413
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; average daily gain; body weight; databases; death; diet; energy; finishing; heifers; prediction; steers;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objectives of this study were: 1) To identify which specific week or weeks at the beginning of feeding period was most closely correlated with intake of net energy for gain (NEg) and dry matter (DM) for the full feedlot period of 140–180 d, and 2) to determine how various performance measurements were correlated with intake during this selected time frame. The database was compiled from one co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.livsci.2019.03.007

12. Persistence of elevated concentrations of PM, affiliated pharmaceuticals, and tetracycline resistance genes downwind of feedyards

Author:
Wooten, Kimberly J.; Mayer, Gregory D.; Smith, Philip N.
Source:
Environmental pollution 2019 v.247 pp. 467-473
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; air; antibiotics; beef cattle; beta-adrenergic agonists; monensin; particulates; ractopamine; resistance genes; steroids;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Beef cattle feedyards have been identified as sources of large amounts of particulate matter (PM) which may transport affiliated chemicals including steroids, beta agonists, and antibiotics from feedyards into the environment. This study is the first to examine persistence of PM-affiliated pharmaceuticals downwind of feedyards using multiple downwind samples collected at increasing distances from ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.047

13. Economic viability of finishing lambs in the feedlot using bovine cheese whey as a dietary ingredient

Author:
Pinheiro Rogério, Marcos Cláudio; Martins, Espedito Cezário; Shiotsuki, Luciana; Fernandes Franco Pompeu, Roberto Cláudio; Muir, James Pierre; Araújo, Alexandre Ribeiro; de Sousa Oliveira, Delano; Lima Magalhães, José Lochaider; Campos, Warley Éfrem; Facó, Olivardo; Azevedo Alves, Arnaud
Source:
Small ruminant research 2019 v.170 pp. 131-136
ISSN:
0921-4488
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; cheese whey; diet; economic sustainability; ingredients; lamb finishing; lambs; prices; wages and remuneration;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic viability of finishing Morada Nova in two feedlot systems: with and without inclusion of bovine cheese whey in the diet. Extrapolation was performed to a module of 240 lambs per year based on a three-cycle production system (each cycle with 100 days). The use of bovine cheese whey resulted in better economic viability. Reduction of labor costs and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.11.018

14. Feedlot growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of hair breed male lambs exposed to seasonal heat stress (winter vs. summer) in an arid climate

Author:
Macías-Cruz, Ulises; Saavedra, Oscar R.; Correa-Calderón, Abelardo; Mellado, Miguel; Torrentera, Noemí G.; Chay-Canul, Alfonso; López-Baca, María A.; Avendaño-Reyes, Leonel
Source:
Meat science 2020 v.169 pp. 108202
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; Dorper; animal performance; arid zones; body weight; carcass weight; carcass yield; cold; environmental factors; feed conversion; feed intake; heat stress; lambs; males; meat aging; meat quality; neck; slaughter; summer; winter;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Twenty Dorper × Katahdin male lambs (body weight = 33.9 ± 0.4 kg and age = 4.5 months) were individually housed for a 30-d feeding period to evaluate the effects of seasonal heat stress (winter [n = 10] vs. summer [n = 10]) on feedlot performance, carcass traits, wholesale cut yields and meat quality. Heat stress environmental conditions prevailed in summer and mostly thermoneutral in winter. Over ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108202

15. Maternal energy status during late gestation: Effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of steers progeny

Author:
Ramírez, Maira; Testa, Laura M.; López Valiente, Sebastián; Latorre, María Emilia; Long, Nathan M.; Rodriguez, Alejandro M.; Pavan, Enrique; Maresca, Sebastián
Source:
Meat science 2020 v.164 pp. 108095
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; Angus; adipocytes; calves; calving; carcass quality; collagen; compensatory growth; cows; energy; fat thickness; growth performance; harvesting; hyperplasia; lactation; longissimus muscle; low calorie diet; males; meat quality; nutritional status; pregnancy; progeny; steers; weaning;     Show all 24 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objetive of the current study was to determine the effect of maternal energy status during late gestation on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of steer progeny. At 180 ± 4 d of gestation 56 multiparous Angus cows were blocked by BW and expected calving date and asigned to three levels of nutrition energy: SR (severe restricted; 50% of NRC requirement), MR (moderate r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108095

16. EPSPS gene amplification confers resistance to glyphosate resistant populations of Hordeum glaucum Stued (northern barley grass) in South Australia

Author:
Adu‐Yeboah, Patricia; Malone, Jenna M; Fleet, Benjamin; Gill, Gurjeet; Preston, Christopher
Source:
Pest management science 2020 v.76 no.4 pp. 1214-1221
ISSN:
1526-498X
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; 3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase; DNA; Hordeum murinum subsp. glaucum; at-risk population; barley; dose response; gene amplification; gene dosage; glyphosate; glyphosate resistance; grasses; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; resistance mechanisms; South Australia;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Glyphosate failed to control two populations of Hordeum glaucum (northern barley grass) along a fence line and around stockyards near Arthurton on the Yorke Peninsula, South Australia after more than a decade of regular use of glyphosate. These were investigated to confirm resistance and to determine resistance mechanisms. RESULTS: Dose–response experiments confirmed resistance of thes ...
DOI:
10.1002/ps.5671

17. Macrolide‐susceptible probiotic Enterococcus faecium ST296 exhibits faecal‐environmental‐oral microbial community cycling among beef cattle in feedlots

Author:
Murray, S.A.; Holbert, A.C.; Norman, K.N.; Lawhon, S.D.; Sawyer, J.E.; Scott, H.M.
Source:
Letters in applied microbiology 2020 v.70 no.4 pp. 274-281
ISSN:
0266-8254
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; Enterococcus faecium; Saccharomyces; antibiotic resistance; beef cattle; cattle industry; feed supplements; financial economics; intestinal microorganisms; liver abscess; meat; microbial communities; multiple drug resistance; phylogeny; probiotics; randomized clinical trials; resistance genes; tylosin; United States;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Enterococci are included in the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System to track antibiotic resistance among commensal Gram‐positive enteric bacteria, largely due to their high abundance in food animals and in retail meat. In the U.S. cattle industry, macrolides are used to prevent and control liver abscesses, which cause significant economic losses. Previous studies have ...
DOI:
10.1111/lam.13269

18. Threats to soil and water resources in South Africa

Author:
du Preez, C.C.; van Huyssteen, C.W.
Source:
Environmental research 2020 v.183 pp. 109015
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; acidification; arid zones; biodegradation; evapotranspiration; forestry; funding; pathogens; population growth; private sector; soil; soil compaction; soil organic carbon; sustainable agriculture; water erosion; water pollution; water quality; water resources; water use efficiency; wind; South Africa;     Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... South Africa has always been subject to an arid climate, receiving only slightly more than half of the world's average precipitation. This precarious situation is further exacerbated by very high potential evapotranspiration and an extremely rapid population growth. This paper aims to evaluate the threats to the soil and water resources of South Africa. These resources are vital in ensuring sustai ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2019.109015

19. Use of procalcitonin, neopterin, haptoglobin, serum amyloid A and proinflammatory cytokines in diagnosis and prognosis of bovine respiratory disease in feedlot calves under field conditions

Author:
El-Deeb, Wael; Elsohaby, Ibrahim; Fayez, Mahmoud; Mkrtchyan, Hermine V; El-Etriby, Dalia; ElGioushy, Magdy
Source:
Acta tropica 2020 v.204 pp. 105336
ISSN:
0001-706X
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; Haemophilus somni; Mannheimia haemolytica; amyloid; biomarkers; blood serum; bovine respiratory disease; calves; clinical examination; financial economics; haptoglobins; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-8; neopterin; prediction; prognosis; respiratory tract diseases; tumor necrosis factor-alpha;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) have long been considered a serious problem that causes major economic losses in feedlot calves (FC). This study aimed to determine the diagnostic and prognostic effect of selected biological markers including, procalcitonin (PCT), neopterin (NP), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, IF-γ), haptoglobin (HP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) on FC with BRD under ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105336

20. Veterinary growth promoters in cattle feedlot runoff: estrogenic activity and potential effects on the rat male reproductive system

Author:
Patrick, Sean Mark; Aneck-Hahn, Natalie Hildegard; Van Wyk, Susan; Van Zijl, Magdelena Catherina; Huma, Mampedi; de Jager, Christiaan
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.12 pp. 13939-13948
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
feedlots,   etc   ; adverse effects; animal models; bioassays; cattle; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; estrogenic properties; excreta; growth promotion; health effects assessments; males; monitoring; rats; runoff; seminiferous tubules; spermatozoa; thyroid function; South Africa;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... The contribution of veterinary growth promoters (VGP) to the environmental burden of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is largely unknown. At cattle feedlots, the excrement of cattle may contain VGPs, which can contaminate aquatic systems and pose reproductive health risks. The study identifies VGPs used at cattle feedlots in South Africa and confirms associated estrogenic activity in feedlot ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-020-07966-3