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1. Synthesis of cAAC stabilized biradical of “Me₂Si” and “Me₂SiCl” monoradical from Me₂SiCl₂ – an important feedstock material

Author:
Sinhababu, Soumen; Kundu, Subrata; Siddiqui, Mujahuddin M.; Paesch, Alexander N.; Herbst-Irmer, Regine; Schwederski, Brigitte; Saha, Pinaki; Zhao, Lili; Frenking, Gernot; Kaim, Wolfgang; Stalke, Dietmar; Roesky, Herbert W.
Source:
Chemical communications 2019 v.55 no.31 pp. 4534-4537
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; carbenes; chemical reactions;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC) coordinated biradical of dimethylsilicon was isolated as (cAAC)₂Me₂Si (1), (cAAC = C(CH₂)(CMe₂)₂N-2,6-i-Pr₂C₆H₃), synthesized from the reduction of Me₂SiCl₂ using two equivalents of KC₈ in the presence of two equivalents of cAAC. The reduction of Me₂SiCl₂ by one equivalent of KC₈ in the presence of one equivalent of cAAC resulted in the stable dimethylsilicon ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9cc01448a

2. Elucidation of the Reaction Network for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Butane to Butadiene

Author:
Tanimu, Gazali; Al-Khattaf, Sulaiman S.; Klein, Michael T.
Source:
Energy & fuels 2019 v.33 no.2 pp. 1473-1478
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; butanes; dehydrogenation; fuels;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The reaction network for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butane to butadiene was examined. Delplots for experiments with n-butane, 1-butene, and 2-butene feeds were constructed. These analyses revealed that butadiene formed from both 1-butene and 2-butene. The experimental ratio of 2-butene and 1-butene was far from the equilibrium value, suggesting that the 2-butene to 1-butene equilibrium was ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04125

3. Influence of Reaction Reversibility on the Interpretation of Delplots of the Parallel-Series Reaction Network

Author:
Abo-Ghander, Nabeel S.; Klein, Michael T.
Source:
Energy & fuels 2019 v.33 no.2 pp. 1444-1449
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; fuels; models;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The use of the Delplot analysis to interpret the experimental results from the parallel-series reaction network A→k1B→k3C; A→k2D under the influence of reaction reversibility was examined. A reactor model was used to test two experimental feeds, one with zero product species concentrations and the other with non-zero product species concentrations. The equilibrium constants K₁, K₂, and K₃ were var ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b03649

4. Difluoromethane as a precursor to difluoromethyl borates

Author:
GeriCurrent address: Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA., Jacob B.; Aguilera, Ellen Y.; Szymczak, Nathaniel K.
Source:
Chemical communications 2019 v.55 no.35 pp. 5119-5122
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; acidity; borates; chemical reactions;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Difluoromethane (CF₂H₂) is an ecologically-friendly refrigerant which holds promise as a source of CF₂H⁻. However, the weak acidity (pKₐ = 35–41) and low stability of the conjugate base have prevented its utilization as a chemical feedstock. In this manuscript, we use a Lewis pair approach to deprotonate CF₂H₂ and capture CF₂H⁻ as R₃B–CF₂H⁻ adducts. One reagent can be used as a base-free Suzuki re ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9cc01565e

5. Thermogravimetric analysis of the co-combustion of residual petrochemical sludge and municipal sewage sludge

Author:
Li, Jinping; Hu, Jieqiong; Wang, Teng; Gan, Jinhua; Xie, Junpu; Shui, Yahui; Liu, Jingxin; Xue, Yongjie
Source:
Thermochimica acta 2019 v.673 pp. 60-67
ISSN:
0040-6031
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; combustion; sewage sludge; thermogravimetry;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The combustion behavior of municipal and residual petrochemical sludge and their co-combustion characteristics has been studied using differential thermal gravimetric (DTG) analysis. These experiments have focused on determining the effect of different heating rates and different sludge compositions on the co-combustion of mixed sludge feedstocks. Comparison of thermogravimetric and DTG results me ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tca.2019.01.014

6. Streamlined Synthesis of C(sp³)-Rich N-Heterospirocycles Enabled by Visible-Light-Mediated Photocatalysis

Author:
Flodén, Nils J.; Trowbridge, Aaron; Willcox, Darren; Walton, Scarlett M.; Kim, Yongjoon; Gaunt, Matthew J.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2019 v.141 no.21 pp. 8426-8430
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; aldehydes; ketones; lead; photocatalysis; secondary amines;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report a general visible-light-mediated strategy that enables the construction of complex C(sp³)-rich N-heterospirocycles from feedstock aliphatic ketones and aldehydes with a broad selection of alkene-containing secondary amines. Key to the success of this approach was the utilization of a highly reducing Ir-photocatalyst and orchestration of the intrinsic reactivities of 1,4-cyclohexadiene an ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.9b03372

7. Copper-Containing Carbon Feedstock for Growing Superclean Graphene

Author:
Jia, Kaicheng; Zhang, Jincan; Lin, Li; Li, Zhenzhu; Gao, Jing; Sun, Luzhao; Xue, Ruiwen; Li, Jiayu; Kang, Ning; Luo, Zhengtang; Rummeli, Mark H.; Peng, Hailin; Liu, Zhongfan
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2019 v.141 no.19 pp. 7670-7674
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; copper; electrical properties; graphene; vapors;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) enables the large-scale growth of high-quality graphene film and exhibits considerable potential for the industrial production of graphene. However, CVD-grown graphene film contains surface contamination, which in turn hinders its potential applications, for example, in electrical and optoelectronic devices and in graphene-membrane-based applications. To solve this ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.9b02068

8. Current Bottlenecks and Challenges of the Microalgal Biorefinery

Author:
Gifuni, Imma; Pollio, Antonino; Safi, Carl; Marzocchella, Antonio; Olivieri, Giuseppe
Source:
Trends in biotechnology 2019 v.37 no.3 pp. 242-252
ISSN:
0167-7799
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; algae culture; biorefining; lipids; microalgae;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microalgae are increasingly considered as sources of renewable feedstocks for industrial production, and microalgae production now focuses on the multiproduct microalgal biorefinery. However, such a biorefinery presents several bottlenecks that are mainly associated with downstream processes. This reduced downstream efficiency results from unsolved problems related to the culture strategy for the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.09.006

9. Effects of interactions among coals on the caking ability of blends during carbonization

Author:
Jiao, Haili; Wang, Meijun; Kong, Jiao; Guo, Jiang; Chang, Liping
Source:
Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis 2019 v.138 pp. 154-160
ISSN:
0165-2370
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; carbon; carbonization; coal; gasification; oxygen; pyrolysis;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The inferior coking coals as feedstocks to produce char for gasification is an effective way of utilizing the excess coking capacity and the low rank coal. Caking ability of coal is important to the characters and structures of char. For coal blends, it is affected by interactions among coal species. In this study, three different rank coals were selected to explore how the interactions among coal ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaap.2018.12.019

10. Trifluoromethylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Me₃SiCF₃ and N-Iodosuccinimide

Author:
Yang, Xinkan; Tsui, Gavin Chit
Source:
Organic letters 2019 v.21 no.5 pp. 1521-1525
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; alkenes; chemical reactions; irradiation; moieties; photocatalysts;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... A novel approach to the trifluoromethylation of unactivated alkenes is presented. This reaction is promoted by N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) under visible light irradiation without the need for photocatalysts. The mild conditions allow the direct synthesis of useful trifluoromethylated (E)-alkenes from readily available alkene feedstocks with excellent functional group tolerability. In addition, using e ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00332

11. Development of a Terpene Feedstock-Based Oxidative Synthetic Approach to the Illicium Sesquiterpenes

Author:
Hung, Kevin; Condakes, Matthew L.; Novaes, Luiz F. T.; Harwood, Stephen J.; Morikawa, Takahiro; Yang, Zhi; Maimone, Thomas J.
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2019 v.141 no.7 pp. 3083-3099
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; Illicium; bioactive properties; biosynthesis; oxidation;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Illicium sesquiterpenes are a family of natural products containing over 100 highly oxidized and structurally complex members, many of which display interesting biological activities. This comprehensive account chronicles the evolution of a semisynthetic strategy toward these molecules from (+)-cedrol, seeking to emulate key aspects of their presumed biosynthesis. An initial route generated lo ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.8b12247

12. 3D printing using plant-derived cellulose and its derivatives: A review

Author:
Dai, Lei; Cheng, Ting; Duan, Chao; Zhao, Wei; Zhang, Weipeng; Zou, Xuejun; Aspler, Joseph; Ni, Yonghao
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2019 v.203 pp. 71-86
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; cellulose; esters; ethers; manufacturing; polymers;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Three-dimensional (3D) printing is classified as a revolutionary, disruptive manufacturing technology. Cellulose (the most abundant natural polymer) and its many derivatives have been widely studied for many applications. The combination of 3D printing with cellulose-based feedstocks is therefore of critical interest. This review highlights many studies on 3D printing applications of plant-derived ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.027

13. Tannins extraction: A key point for their valorization and cleaner production

Author:
de Hoyos-Martínez, Pedro L.; Merle, Juliette; Labidi, Jalel; Charrier – El Bouhtoury, Fatima
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.206 pp. 1138-1155
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; chemical analysis; extraction; industrial applications; tannins;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tannins are phenolic compounds with considerable abundance in nature. They have attracted significant attention lately owing to their huge variety of potential applications. Accordingly, the tannin-related activity in terms of research has undergone a great boost, especially as green feedstock for materials in several fields. Nevertheless, the extraction process remains as the main bottleneck for ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.243

14. Bioinspired construction of multi-enzyme catalytic systems

Author:
ShiJ. S. and Y. W. contributed equally to this work., Jiafu; Wu, Yizhou; Zhang, Shaohua; Tian, Yu; Yang, Dong; Jiang, Zhongyi
Source:
Chemical Society reviews 2018 v.47 no.12 pp. 4295-4313
ISSN:
1460-4744
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; biocatalysis; energy;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Enzyme catalysis, as a green, efficient process, displays exceptional functionality, adaptivity and sustainability. Multi-enzyme catalysis, which can accomplish the tandem synthesis of valuable materials/chemicals from renewable feedstocks, establishes a bridge between single-enzyme catalysis and whole-cell catalysis. Multi-enzyme catalysis occupies a unique and indispensable position in the realm ...
DOI:
10.1039/c7cs00914c

15. Extension of the Delplot Analysis for Experiments with Non-zero Initial Product Concentrations

Author:
Abo-Ghander, Nabeel S.; Klein, Michael T.
Source:
Energy & fuels 2018 v.32 no.5 pp. 6234-6238
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; energy; models; petroleum;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Delplot technique for the classification of experimentally derived reaction products as primary, secondary, tertiary, etc. was extended to address experiments in which reaction products are present in non-zero concentrations in the feed. This allows use of the Delplot method for the complex feedstocks common in energy applications, such as crude oil, where lumped models containing boiling-poin ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00859

16. Extreme thermophiles as emerging metabolic engineering platforms

Author:
Crosby, James R; Laemthong, Tunyaboon; Lewis, April M; Straub, Christopher T; Adams, Michael WW; Kelly, Robert M
Source:
Current opinion in biotechnology 2019 v.59 pp. 55-64
ISSN:
0958-1669
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; biotechnology; fuels; metabolic engineering; thermophilic microorganisms; wastes;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Going forward, industrial biotechnology must consider non-model metabolic engineering platforms if it is to have maximal impact. This will include microorganisms that natively possess strategic physiological and metabolic features but lack either molecular genetic tools or such tools are rudimentary, requiring further development. If non-model platforms are successfully deployed, new avenues for p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.copbio.2019.02.006

17. Acetone-free biobutanol production: Past and recent advances in the Isopropanol-Butanol-Ethanol (IBE) fermentation

Author:
dos Santos Vieira, Carla Ferreira; Maugeri Filho, Francisco; Maciel Filho, Rubens; Pinto Mariano, Adriano
Source:
Bioresource technology 2019 v.287 pp. 121425
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; Clostridium; acetone; biobutanol; butanol; fermentation; isopropyl alcohol; microorganisms; tanks;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Production of butanol for fuel via the conventional Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol fermentation has been considered economically risky because of a potential oversupply of acetone. Alternatively, acetone is converted into isopropanol by specific solventogenic Clostridium species in the Isopropanol-Butanol-Ethanol (IBE) fermentation. This route, although less efficient, has been gaining attention because ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121425

18. A novel hydraulic biogas digester controlling the scum formation in batch and semi-continuous tests using banana stems

Author:
Pan, Shiyou; Wen, Chuan; Liu, Qiangqiang; Chi, Yue; Mi, Huizhi; Li, Zhenchong; Du, Liqin; Huang, Ribo; Wei, Yutuo
Source:
Bioresource technology 2019 v.286 pp. 121372
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; bananas; biogas; fermentation; gas production (biological); stems; straw;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Scum formation is a widespread phenomenon and causes serious damage in straw biogas digesters. A 10-L novel hydraulic conical digester for controlling scum was developed in this work and compared with a hydraulic cylindrical digester that simulated the conventional digester. After 30 d of batch and 120 d of semi-continuous fermentations using banana stems, the scum volumes of in cylindrical digest ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121372

19. Biotransformation of organic acids to their corresponding alcohols by Thermoanaerobacter pseudoethanolicus

Author:
Scully, Sean M.; Brown, Aaron; Ross, Andrew B.; Orlygsson, Johann
Source:
Anaerobe 2019 v.57 pp. 28-31
ISSN:
1075-9964
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; Thermoanaerobacter; acetates; biotransformation; butanol; carbon; glucose; metabolism; stable isotopes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Higher order alcohols, such as 1-butanol and 1-hexanol, have a large number of applications but are currently prepared from non-renewable feedstocks. Here, the ability of Thermoanaerobacter pseudoethanolicus to reduce short-chain fatty acids to their corresponding alcohols using reducing potential generated by glucose catabolism with yields between 21.0 and 61.0%. 13C-labelled acetate, 1-propionat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.03.004

20. Three bulk density measurement methods provide different results for commercial scale harvests of willow biomass chips

Author:
Eisenbies, Mark H.; Volk, Timothy A.; Therasme, Obste; Hallen, Karl
Source:
Biomass and bioenergy 2019 v.124 pp. 64-73
ISSN:
0961-9534
Subject:
feedstocks,   etc   ; biomass; bulk density; geometry; harvesting; magnesium; models; wagons;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bulk density is a key attribute of biomass feedstocks that affects both conversion processes and logistics. Reported bulk density for fresh willow chips ranges between 195 and 393 kg m−3 and it is unknown if standardized methods using several kg of chips scale effectively to collection vehicles that contain several Mg. The objective of this study was to compare three bulk density methods for 53 co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.03.015