An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
filtration, etc ; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; chlorination; disinfection; freshwater; stormwater; wastewater treatment; China; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Stormwater reuse is one of the most important ways to mitigate water resource shortage. However, urban stormwater contains many bacteria species, which threaten the reuse safety. Therefore, stormwater disinfection is highly needed. Although disinfection has been widely conducted in the drinking water and reclaimed water, it is rarely carried out for stormwater. This study collected the roof stormw ...
filtration, etc ; Pseudomonas; bacteria; caffeine; carbon; decaffeination; manganese dioxide; manganese monoxide; quartz; sand; synergism; China; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bioaugmented sand filtration has attracted considerable attention because it can effectively remove contaminants in drinking water without additional chemical reagent addition. In this study, a synthesized chemical manganese dioxide (MnO₂)-coated quartz sand (MnQS) and biogenic manganese oxide (BioMnOₓ) composite system was proposed to simultaneously remove typical pharmaceutical contaminants and ...
... Preparing monodisperse bulk nanobubbles with narrow size distributions is a prerequisite to study their size-dependent physical and chemical properties. Therefore, a facile membrane-based physical sieving method has been developed to make the bulk nanobubbles in targeting size. By changing the membrane texture and applying different filtration rates, the size distributions for the bulk nanobubbles ...
... A domain-related data search promoted triazolotriazine-fused energetic scaffold filtration with combinatorial design to alleviate the lack of thermostable high-energy materials; 16 candidates were discovered that may show promising energy and safety performance, as well as excellent thermal stability. Novel fused triazolo-1,2,4-triazine energetic material 7-nitro-3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,2,4]triazo ...
... Epidemiological surveys have shown a significant association between indoor airborne particle exposure and adverse health effects. Duct-type electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are effective in controlling airborne particles in buildings. Although several studies have examined the initial performance of duct-type ESPs, there are no comprehensive data on the holistic performance of commercially avai ...
... Sustainability concerns have motivated and directed a great deal of interest over the past decade towards the development of green technologies. Polysaccharides are green polymers, which experienced growing demand to substitute chemically synthetic polymers. Different types of polysaccharides i.e. cellulose-, starch-, chitin- alginate-, and chitosan-based carbohydrate polymers have been applied in ...
filtration, etc ; dyes; nanosilver; photocatalysis; photolysis; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two-dimensional Ag/WS₂ hybrid membranes were developed to improve separation performance of WS₂ membrane by in situ self-reduction of AgNO₃ on WS₂ nanoflakes. With the increase of Ag content in Ag/WS₂ hybrid membrane, water flux increased as well because of increased interlayer spacing and more irregular stacking of WS₂ nanoflakes, while the rejection rates for dye molecules decreased. The hybrid ...
filtration, etc ; anisotropy; cellulose; fabrics; models; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The usage of synthetic nonwoven materials is gaining importance in filtration. However, the complex material behavior of these synthetic, fiber-based materials is challenging for the manufacturing departments. The materials are exhibiting a highly anisotropic elastic-plastic material behavior. A material testing program was conducted to characterize the unknown characteristic material behavior of ...
filtration, etc ; calcium oxalate; centrifugation; sodium; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals are present in many plants they are poorly studied. A possible limitation is the lack of methods for CaOx crystals isolation at high concentration and high purity, which is required for the analysis of their associated biomolecules such as proteins. To our knowledge, there are only four works that have isolated proteins from CaOx crystals. Those methods bas ...
... Filtration by the fibrous medias is recognized as one of the most effective methods to control particulate pollution. A type of 3-D mesh spacer filter (3-D filter) proposed is effective for filtrating the large particles with low pressure drop. This study described the flow characteristics of dust-containing gas within the 3-D filter by means of CFD-DEM model. The influences of air velocity, parti ...
filtration, etc ; equipment; fabrics; laundry; microplastics; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study explores the significant variation in test methods used to quantify microplastic release from the domestic laundry of textile fabrics. A wide review of the existing methods is made, with the important characteristics of these methods identified and assessed. This includes reviewing the type of washing apparatus, filtration methods, quantification metrics and the influence of fabric samp ...
filtration, etc ; dust; fabrics; polyesters; temperature; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In order to provide durable structure and stability to the dry filter fabric, the fabrics are generally passed through calendering machine which has got pair of heated rollers, pressing the coated material under certain pressure and temperature. With this view in mind, the present study has been made to compare the properties of the fabrics manufactured using virgin and recycled polyester fibres. ...
filtration, etc ; equations; filterability; models; porosity; viruses; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... For virus filtration behavior not adequately described by the equations and analysis methods of the conventional four blocking models, i.e., complete blocking, standard blocking, intermediate blocking and cake filtration models, a modified approach is proposed using a generalized equation derived from the characteristic form of the blocking model with consideration of the multilayer membrane struc ...
filtration, etc ; COVID-19 infection; DNA; thiocyanates; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown created problems with importing of commercial kits resulting in extended turnaround times for consumable deliveries. One way to circumvent this was to use an inexpensive optimized in-house method for DNA extraction from water. • The DNA extraction methods were optimized on a 96-well plate using a semi-automated filtration system to increase the number of samples from ...
filtration, etc ; graphene oxide; lighting; photocatalysis; triazines; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two-dimensional membranes are drawing utmost interest owing to outstanding molecular/ion sieving. However, membrane fouling literally restricts stable permselectivity during continuous filtration. Here we first report ultrafast water transport and solar-cleaning graphene oxide (GO) membranes, which integrate with Prussian Blue@Covalent Triazine Framework (PB@CTF) as “active mega cubes”. The interc ...
filtration, etc ; emulsions; liquids; porous media; silicone; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Emulsion separation remains a challenge in the oil–water separation field, because it is extremely stable in the liquid medium. The main difficulty is that the filtration flux and separation efficiency are not satisfactory. In order to solve these problems, we design a sponge with hierarchical pore structures by a one pot click reaction. The experiments show that large pores in the sponge can impr ...
filtration, etc ; atomic absorption spectrometry; microscopy; nanogold; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Despite their wide bioapplications, potential health risks of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) remain unclear. As a determinant of their risks, AuNP accumulation within a cell population is subject to cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Methods to simultaneously quantify and visualize intracellular AuNPs at the single-cell level are, however, lacking. Here we developed a novel label-free technique, based on hyp ...
filtration, etc ; automobiles; carbon; environment; gasoline; particulates; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study evaluated the effectiveness of two passive regenerating gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) on reducing both gaseous and particle phase pollutants from a gasoline direct inject (GDI) passenger car (PC) and light-duty truck (LDT). In the absence of filter regeneration, observations from this study are consistent with other studies demonstrating how particle number (PN), particulate matte ...
filtration, etc ; catalytic activity; cyanides; nanocatalysts; nitriles; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A novel heterogeneous catalyst has been developed using chitosan-zeolite supported Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs@CS-Zeo) and used in an efficient synthesis of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles from aryl halides with high yields for relatively short reaction times with an easy work-up procedure. In this method, highly effective and reusable PdNPs@CS-Zeo catalyst was used in the reaction of various aryl iodides ...
filtration, etc ; fluidized beds; mathematical models; technology; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fluidized bed filters exhibit high PM₂.₅ collection efficiency, as shown in our previous work. In this study, a CFD-IBM-DEM simulation was conducted to elucidate the filtration mechanisms for the further development of these filters. A preliminary numerical simulation of a small fixed-bed filter was performed to determine the appropriate CFD grid size for computational accuracy and cost, and the g ...