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1. Evaluation of automatic water cannon for fire protection of low-piled storage in high-clearance facilities

Author:
Zhou, Xiangyang; Xin, Yibing; Dorofeev, Sergey
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 pp. 103080
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; calorimeters; sprinklers;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... An experimental study is conducted in this work to evaluate the performance of automatic water cannon (AWC) for fire protection of low-piled storage in high-clearance facilities, with emphasis on reducing the water demand. For this purpose, the water cannon is operated in a simulated automatic mode to allow for changing fire response time, fire targeting accuracy, spray pattern, narrow-angle sweep ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103080

2. Parametric study of design fires for tunnels with water-based fire suppression systems

Author:
Li, Ying Zhen; Ingason, Haukur
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 pp. 103107
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; fires; fuel loading;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... A series of tests was carried out to investigate the influence of different parameters on design fires for tunnels with water-based fire suppression systems in a 1:4 scale tunnel. The key parameters tested included fuel load covers, activation time, water density, nozzle type, ventilation velocity, sprinkler section length and tunnel width. Analyses of test data are presented with a focus on the i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103107

3. Effects of climate on historical fire regimes (1451–2013) in Pinus hartwegii forests of Cofre de Perote National Park, Veracruz, Mexico

Author:
Cerano-Paredes, Julián; Iniguez, Jose M.; Villanueva-Díaz, José; Vázquez-Selem, Lorenzo; Cervantes-Martínez, Rosalinda; Esquivel-Arriaga, Gerardo; Franco-Ramos, Osvaldo; Rodríguez-Trejo, Dante A.
Source:
Dendrochronologia 2021 v.65 pp. 125784
ISSN:
1125-7865
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; El Nino; La Nina; Pinus hartwegii; altitude; anthropogenic activities; area; atmospheric precipitation; climate; climatology; drought; fire history; fire regime; fire scars; fires; forests; humidity; hydrology; lead; national parks; objectives; occurrence; oscillation; sampling; spring; summer; Mexico;     Show all 27 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cofre de Perote National Park (CPNP) in Veracruz, Mexico is part of the Transmexican Volcanic Belt, and its Pinus hartwegii forests reflect a balance between the various natural factors that represent the region's climatology and hydrology. Like many other areas in this region, the historical fire regimes of these forests and their relationship with climate are unknown, but are needed for sustaina ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.dendro.2020.125784

4. A compound silica-trifluoroacetyl powder for fire suppressant: Preparation, characterization and suppression mechanism discussion

Author:
Fan, Rujia; Jiang, Yong; Qiu, Rong
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 v.115 pp. 103158
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; burning; heat; moieties; powders; silica; sodium bicarbonate; temperature;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper reported the preparation, fire suppression efficiency, and suppression mechanism of a new suppression powder. In present work, the new suppressant was designed for combining the ability of terminating the chain reactions into the powder extinguishing agent. The trifluoroacetyl group (COCF₃) was grafted onto the silicon dioxide (SiO₂), and called the compound SiO₂–F. Several tests for ch ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103158

5. Development of solid propellant for the production of fire suppression aerosols

Author:
Richter, Elizabeth; Krause, Ulrich
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 pp. 103113
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; additives; aerosols; combustion; computer software; cooling systems; fires; fuels; generators (equipment); heptane; oxidants; thermodynamics;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper documents the development of solid propellant aerosol generators (SPAGs) as alternative fire suppression systems. SPAGs mainly consist of an igniter, a solid propellant (SP), a cooling system and an outlet. The main focus of this study is on the SP as the research item. Such SP consists of oxidant, fuel and additives. This research work aimed to investigate the application of the aeroso ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103113

6. Distribution of the Leafy Liverwort Frullania in Northwestern Missouri

Author:
Quedensley, Taylor S.; Atwood, John J.
Source:
Evansia 2020 v.36 no.4 pp. 121-134
ISSN:
2330-9148
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; Frullania; agroecosystems; forest habitats; landscapes; mosses and liverworts; riparian areas; Missouri;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Based on 308 specimens of Frullania Raddi collected in a variety of habitats in a 19-county region of northwestern Missouri between 2015-2018, 40 new county records are reported for this region dominated by agroecosystems. Six species of Frullania are now documented in northwestern Missouri. This study illustrates a broad distribution of a liverwort genus in a region of the Central United States. ...
DOI:
10.1639/0747-9859-36.4.121

7. Suppression of propane cup-burner flame with HFO-1336mzz(Z) and its thermal stability study

Author:
Wang, Xingyu; Wu, Rui; Cheng, Lu; Zhang, Xiao; Zhou, Xiaomeng
Source:
Thermochimica acta 2020 v.683 pp. 178463
ISSN:
0040-6031
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; fuels; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; heat; propane; temperature; thermal degradation; thermal stability;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzz(Z)) conforms the most of necessary requirements as an environment-friendly extinguishant. However, its fire suppression performance has not been investigated. In this study, the fire suppression effectiveness of HFO-1336 was evaluated by a cup burner apparatus. The extinguishing concentration indicates nonpositive correlation with the fuel flow. On ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tca.2019.178463

8. Changes in Tree Canopy, Groundcover, and Avian Community Following Restoration of a Montane Longleaf Pine Woodland

Author:
Klaus, Nathan A.; Rush, Scott A.; Weitzel, Spencer L.; Holdrege, Martin C.
Source:
TheAmerican midland naturalist 2020 v.184 no.2 pp. 163-176
ISSN:
0003-0031
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; Pinus palustris; birds; canopy; coniferous forests; ecosystems; forest thinning; hardwood; prescribed burning; shrubs; trees; woodlands; Georgia;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fire suppression and hardwood encroachment are two of the most significant threats to the imperiled, fire-dependent montane longleaf pine ecosystem. We examined the effects of restoration of a montane longleaf pine forest in Paulding County, Georgia, U.S.A. on tree canopy, groundcover and bird communities over a decade. The restoration included a program of prescribed fire and selective thinning t ...
DOI:
10.1637/0003-0031-184.2.163

9. Black-Backed Woodpecker Nest Density in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author:
Hanson, Chad T.; Chi, Tonja Y.
Source:
Diversity 2020 v.12 no.10
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; bark beetles; coniferous forests; drought; habitats; logging; mountains; nesting; nests; population size; surveys; wildfires; woodpeckers; California;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the western U.S., the black-backed woodpecker has been found to be associated with dense montane conifer forests with high snag densities, typically resulting from moderate- to high-severity wildland fires. However, black-backed woodpeckers are occasionally also detected nesting in unburned forests, raising questions about the type of habitat in which they nest and the potential abundance of su ...
DOI:
10.3390/d12100364

10. Experimental investigation of novel dry liquids with aqueous potassium Solution@Nano-SiO2 for the suppression of liquid fuel fires: Preparation, application, and stability

Author:
Tianwei, Zhang; Cunwei, Zhang; Hao, Liu; Zhiyue, Han
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 v.115 pp. 103144
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; cooling; cyclohexanes; dissolved potassium; evaporation; fires; gasoline; hydrophobicity; liquids; microencapsulation; microstructure; mists; particle size; silica; surface tension;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Taking advantage of solid and liquid fire extinguishants in one material is desirable, especially for the selection of liquid phase components aimed at specific fire disaster situations. In this investigation, the feasibility of novel dry liquids with core-shell structure as fire extinguishants in liquid fuel fires was conducted. The microencapsulated functional materials were formed by the high-s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103144

11. Fire Impact Tool- Measuring the impact of fire suppression operations on the environment

Author:
Amon, Francine; Gehandler, Jonatan; McNamee, Robert; McNamee, Margaret; Vilic, Azra
Source:
Fire safety journal 2020 pp. 103071
ISSN:
0379-7112
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; air; effluents; environmental assessment; fire fighting; groundwater; human resources; life cycle assessment; models; risk assessment; soil; Sweden;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... In Sweden the responsibility for environmental damage when emergency responders are called to an incident is increasingly focussing on the responders. The problem is that most incident response personnel do not have the training and expertise to assess the environmental consequences of their suppression operations. The Fire Impact Tool was developed for training responders about how fire effluents ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.firesaf.2020.103071

12. Response to fire by a forest specialist in isolated montane forest

Author:
Mazzella, Maxwell N.; Koprowski, John L.
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2020 v.462 pp. 117996
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; Glaucomys; canopy; climate change; fire frequency; flying squirrels; forest ecosystems; habitats; models; montane forests; mountains; tree mortality; California;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fire events have increased in scale and severity due to hotter, drier conditions brought on by climate change and fire suppression. Extreme fire events can be detrimental to forest specialists, especially populations at the edge of the species range, where conditions can vary from those within the core of the range. The San Bernardino flying squirrel (Glaucomys oregonensis californicus) is the sou ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2020.117996

13. Fire Suppression Resource Scarcity: Current Metrics and Future Performance Indicators

Author:
Belval, Erin J; Stonesifer, Crystal S; Calkin, David E
Source:
Forests 2020 v.11 no.2
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; aircraft; decision making; fire fighters; fire fighting; human resources; supply balance; tankers; wildfires; United States;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wildland fire occurrence is highly variable in time and space, and in the United States where total area burned can vary substantially, acquiring resources (firefighters, engines, aircraft, etc.) to respond to fire demand is an important consideration. To determine the composition and scale of this set of suppression resources managers may utilize data produced by past supply and demand informatio ...
DOI:
10.3390/f11020217

14. A method for estimating the socioeconomic impact of Earth observations in wildland fire suppression decisions

Author:
Herr, Vincent; Kochanski, Adam K.; Miller, Van V.; McCrea, Rich; O’Brien, Dan; Mandel, Jan
Source:
The International journal of wildland fire 2020 v.29 no.3 pp. 282-293
ISSN:
1049-8001
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; assets; databases; decision making; fire break; models; moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer; satellites; socioeconomic factors; wildfires; New Mexico;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... A method for estimating the socioeconomic impact of Earth observations is proposed and deployed. The core of the method is the analysis of outcomes of hypothetical fire suppression scenarios generated using a coupled atmosphere–fire behaviour model, based on decisions made by an experienced wildfire incident management team with and without the benefits of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectr ...
DOI:
10.1071/WF18237

15. Seasonal changes in wildland firefighter fitness and body composition

Author:
Gaskill, Steven E.; Dumke, Charles L.; Palmer, Charles G.; Ruby, Brent C.; Domitrovich, Joseph W.; Sol, Joseph A.
Source:
The International journal of wildland fire 2020 v.29 no.3 pp. 294-303
ISSN:
1049-8001
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; exercise; exercise test; females; fire fighters; fire season; hiking; lean body mass; males; models; seasonal variation; wildfires; wildland;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hiking with a pack is the highest-intensity task that wildland firefighters (WLFFs) perform during sustained activities related to wildland fire suppression. Firefighters perform this and other tasks together as a crew; this provides a unique model to evaluate select physical and physiological changes in members of working crews over a fire season during extended operations. The objective of this ...
DOI:
10.1071/WF19104

16. A 500-year history of forest fires in Sala area, central Sweden, shows the earliest known onset of fire suppression in Scandinavia

Author:
Pinto, Guilherme Alexandre Stecher Justiniano; Niklasson, Mats; Ryzhkova, Nina; Drobyshev, Igor
Source:
Regional environmental change 2020 v.20 no.4 pp. 130
ISSN:
1436-3798
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; Pinus sylvestris; climate; dead wood; drought; fire break; fire history; fire scars; forest fires; forests; fuel loading; homogenization; issues and policy; mining; trees; Scandinavia; Sweden;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Sala fire in the Västmanland County of central Sweden that burned about 14,000 ha in 2014 has been the largest fire recorded in the modern history of Sweden. To understand the long-term fire history of this area, we dendrochronologically dated fire scars on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees (live and deadwood) to reconstruct the fire cycle and fire occurrence in the area affected by the 2 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10113-020-01718-2

17. Active space of grasshopper mouse vocalizations (Onychomys) in relation to woody plant encroachment

Author:
Green, Dana M.; Mull, Nathaniel; Scolman, Tucker; Griffiths, Grace; Pasch, Bret
ISSN:
0005-7959
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; Onychomys leucogaster; advertising; bioacoustics; cattle; electrophysiology; environment; grasslands; grazing; habitats; hearing; laboratories; mice; pinyon-juniper; plant density; vocalization; woodlands; woody plants; Southwestern United States;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... The efficacy of animal acoustic communication depends on signal transmission through an oft-cluttered environment. Anthropogenic-induced changes in vegetation may affect sound propagation and thus habitat quality, but few studies have explored this hypothesis. In the southwestern United States, fire suppression and cattle grazing have facilitated displacement of grasslands by pinyon-juniper woodla ...
DOI:
10.1163/1568539X-bja10046

18. Settlement‐era forest structure and composition in the Klamath Mountains: reconstructing a historical baseline

Author:
Knight, Clarke A.; Cogbill, Charles V.; Potts, Matthew D.; Wanket, James A.; Battles, John J.
Source:
Ecosphere 2020 v.11 no.9 pp. e03250
ISSN:
2150-8925
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Quercus; fires; forest management; inventories; landscapes; logging; mountains; public lands; surveys; temperate forests; trees; California; Six Rivers National Forest;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Historical baselines of forest conditions provide reference states to assess how forests have changed through time. In California, the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) provides tree inventory data between 1872 and 1884 at 93.2‐km² (36 mi²) resolution. Although these data provide a spatially extensive record of settlement‐era forest conditions, reconstructions using PLSS data have been limited and ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.3250

19. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether and Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Canadian Fire Station Dust

Author:
Gill, Ranjit; Hurley, Susan; Brown, Reber; Tarrant, Darcy; Dhaliwal, Joginder; Sarala, Roshni; Park, June-Soo; Patton, Sharyle; Petreas, Myrto
Source:
Chemosphere 2020 v.253 pp. 126669
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; at-risk population; decabromodiphenyl ether; dust; electronic wastes; equipment; exposure assessment; fire fighters; flame retardants; organophosphorus compounds; pentabromodiphenyl ether; toxic substances; United States;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fire fighters are at a high risk for exposure to toxic chemicals during and subsequent to fire suppression activities. In the Canadian Fire Station Dust Study (CFSDS) we measured 19 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and six organophosphate flame retardant (OPFR) chemicals in dust collected in 2017–18 by vacuuming the living quarters of 24 Canadian fire stations from four provinces. The predomin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126669

20. Eastern Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger) Occupancy in Fragmented Montane Longleaf Pine Forests

Author:
Pynne, J.T.; Stober, Jonathan M.; Edelman, Andrew J.
Source:
Southeastern naturalist 2020 v.19 no.2 pp. 403-417
ISSN:
1528-7092
Subject:
fire suppression,   etc   ; Pinus palustris; Sciurus niger; cameras; coniferous forests; habitats; landscapes; models; piedmont; prescribed burning; probability; streams; topographic slope; Talladega National Forest;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sciurus niger L. (Eastern Fox Squirrel) is associated with montane Pinus palustris Mill. (Longleaf Pine) forests in the Piedmont and Ridge and Valley, but little is known about the species' distribution and abundance within this region. We conducted an occupancy study of Eastern Fox Squirrels in montane Longleaf Pine forests of the Talladega National Forest, AL. We surveyed 73 camera trap sites fo ...
DOI:
10.1656/058.019.0221