An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... Forest soil harbors diverse microbial communities with decisive roles in ecosystem processes. Vegetation shift from needleleaf to broadleaf species is occurring across the globe due to climate change and anthropogenic activities, potentially change forest soil microbial communities and C cycle. However, our knowledge on the impact of such vegetation shift on soil microbial community and activities ...
Jian Li; Lan Xiao; Jonathan D. Bakker; Qinghu Luo; Hang Yu; Jianzhao Wu; Songyang Li; Loretta Pedersen; Can Chen; Tao Hong; Han Lin; Daojie Wang; Yongming Lin
coniferous forests; deciduous forests, etc ; Cunninghamia lanceolata; Phyllostachys edulis; bamboos; data collection; humans; landslides; observational studies; research; soil; soil quality; tillage; China; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding how natural disasters affect soil quality and how it recovers is essential to improve soil management. We studied the effects of the 2010 Nanping landslides (China) on soil quality. We conducted an observational study using three levels of disturbance (‘destroyed’, ‘recovering’, and ‘undisturbed’). The ‘destroyed’ areas were sampled immediately after the landslide and the others were ...
secondary forests; temperate forests, etc ; Acidobacteria; Actinobacteria; Ascomycota; Bacteroidetes; Basidiomycota; Proteobacteria; community structure; deforestation; ectomycorrhizae; environment; forest damage; livestock; microbiome; nitrogen; phosphorus; soil; soil carbon; soil fungi; Andes region; Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soil microbial communities regulate a myriad of critical biogeochemical functions in forest ecosystems. Anthropogenic disturbances in natural forests could drive major shifts in plant and microbial communities resulting in substantial biogeochemical alterations. We evaluated the effect of anthropogenic disturbances in the soils of Andean temperate forests with different levels of degradation: i) m ...
forests, etc ; biogeochemical cycles; forest ecosystems; mercury; methylmercury compounds; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; plant litter; summer; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Previous research has found total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) levels increase with litterfall decay, thus suggesting litterfall decomposition plays an essential role in the biogeochemical transformation of mercury (Hg). However, it remains unclear how Hg accumulates in the decaying litter, how bacterial taxa networks vary and what roles various microorganisms play during litterfall deco ...
forests, etc ; Canis lupus; Passeriformes; algorithms; data collection; energy; hybrids; neural networks; prediction; wind power; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Offshore wind power prediction is the basis for safe operation and grid dispatch. However, it is difficult due to the high volatility. Aiming at the three shortcomings of current methods: lack of analysis of the impact of multiple variables; the reconstruction method of decomposition components often adopts the summation method; the traditional machine learning prediction methods are not accurate ...
secondary forests, etc ; agricultural soils; coastal plains; coasts; color; environment; land use; microplastics; orchards; pollution; population density; China; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microplastic pollution is an issue of major environmental concern worldwide. Land-use type may affect the abundance, polymer types, and distribution characteristics of soil microplastics but their distribution remains unknown on the coastal plain of east China. Here, the abundance of microplastics in farmland (FL), plantation (P), and orchard/secondary forest (OSF) soils was determined on the east ...
montane forests, etc ; biomass; community structure; ecosystems; environment; enzymes; forest soils; fungal communities; genes; models; nitrogen; phosphorus; soil nutrients; stoichiometry; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microorganisms govern soil nutrient cycling. It is therefore critical to understand their responses to human-induced increases in N and P inputs. We investigated microbial community composition, biomass, functional gene abundance, and enzyme activities in response to 10-year N and P addition in a primary tropical montane forest, and we explored the drivers behind these effects. Fungi were more sen ...
temperate forests, etc ; carbon dioxide; carbon radioisotopes; climate; environment; fine roots; forest soils; mineralization; models; soil carbon; soil organic matter; trees; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fine root litter represents an important carbon input to soils, but the effect of global warming on fine root turnover (FRT) is hardly explored in forest ecosystems. Understanding tree fine roots' response to warming is crucial for predicting soil carbon dynamics and the functioning of forests as a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂). We studied fine root production (FRP) with ingrowth cores ...
forests, etc ; agricultural land; case studies; environment; flood control; fractal dimensions; grasses; land cover; landscapes; neural networks; remote sensing; shrubs; urban development; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Evaluating flood susceptibility, identifying flood-prone areas, and planning reasonable landscape patterns are important measures in promoting sustainable urban development and flood mitigation. To this end, this study evaluated the flood susceptibility using a neural network model depending on a flood inundation map created from satellite data from 2010 to 2020, and explanatory factors for flood ...
forests, etc ; clearcutting; detritus; environment; forest litter; forest soils; mineral soils; mountains; organic matter; soil compaction; soil productivity; topsoil; understory; wildfires; California; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Losses of C and N from the forest floor and top 20-cm of soil were estimated following separate severe wildfires at two Long-Term Soil Productivity sites in the Sierra Nevada of California, USA. Experimental treatments applied 20 years prior to the wildfires included factorial combinations of 1) organic matter (OM) removal following clear-cut harvesting (SO, stem only harvest, WTH, whole-tree harv ...
forests, etc ; climate change; cropland; ecosystems; entropy; environment; grasslands; humans; land use and land cover maps; land use change; urban development; China; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The land use and land cover change (LUCC) associated with climate change and human activities is supposed to exert a significant effect on ecosystem functions in arid inland regions. However, the role of LUCC in shaping the spatio-temporal patterns of ecosystem services and ecological security remain unclear, especially under different future LUCC scenarios. Here, we evaluated dynamic changes of e ...
... Soil carbon (C) storage affects many ecosystem properties and, consequently, is an important measure of reclamation success in sites where soil develops de novo. In this study, we have used the chronosequence of unreclaimed heaped post-mining sites (16–56 years old) after open cast coal mining near Sokolov (Czechia) in order to study C stock on the floor and the topsoil layers (0–5 and 5–10 cm) of ...
deciduous forests, etc ; biomass; biosphere; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide enrichment; fine roots; image analysis; net primary productivity; root growth; soil; statistical inference; uncertainty; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Increasing CO₂ levels are a major global challenge, and the potential mitigation of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions by natural carbon sinks remains poorly understood. The uptake of elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) by the terrestrial biosphere, and subsequent sequestration as biomass in ecosystems, remain hard to quantify in natural ecosystems. Here, we combine field observations of fine root stocks and flows, deri ...
temperate forests, etc ; catenas; climate; conifers; fungi; microbial activity; nutritive value; pH; soil organic matter; soil structure; spatial distribution; topsoil; total nitrogen; trees; France; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter (SOM) is of critical importance to the functioning of ecosystems because of its effects on soil nutritional quality, microbial activity and soil structure. SOM is made up of a variety of compounds ranging from chemically reactive and mobile forms to stable, recalcitrant forms. An operationally defined fraction of soil organic matter known as glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) ...
Melissa Méndez-López; Andrea Parente-Sendín; Noemi Calvo-Portela; Antía Gómez-Armesto; Cristina Eimil-Fraga; Flora Alonso-Vega; Manuel Arias-Estévez; Juan Carlos Nóvoa-Muñoz
deciduous forests, etc ; Betula pubescens var. pubescens; aboveground biomass; bark; environment; mercury; mineral soils; plant litter; soil density; soil profiles; tree trunk; wood; Europe; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Atmospheric mercury (Hg) is largely assimilated by vegetation and subsequently transferred to the soil by litterfall, which highlights the role of forests as one of the largest global Hg sinks within terrestrial ecosystems. We assessed the pool of Hg in the aboveground biomass (leaves, wood, bark, branches and twigs), the Hg deposition flux through litterfall over two years (by sorting fallen biom ...
forests, etc ; apples; catenas; deforestation; eroded soils; erosion control; grasslands; humans; land restoration; land use; landscapes; microrelief; orchards; plutonium; quantitative analysis; soil erosion; watersheds; China; Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soil erosion strongly threatens the sustainability of natural ecosystems over the world, especially in the Loess Plateau in China, where has suffered severe soil erosion along with extensive land reclamation and deforestation from the 1950s to the 1970s. The large-scale vegetation restoration practices are supposed to be effective for reducing soil erosion, but the quantitative evaluation of soil ...
forests, etc ; Quercus; agricultural land; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; catenas; ecosystems; land restoration; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; particulate organic matter; soil organic matter; soil profiles; China; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Natural revegetation has been reported to play a very active role in ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sinks in degenerated ecosystems. However, the responses of C and N sequestration and stabilization in soil organic matter (SOM) to natural revegetation remain inadequately understood. In this study, we analyzed C and N contents and δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of SOM, free light fraction (FLF), intra ...
forests, etc ; altitude; anthropogenic activities; aquifers; dissolved organic matter; factor analysis; fluorescence; groundwater; heavy metals; land use; nitrates; soil; surface water; vascular plants; wastewater treatment; Austria; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in terrestrial groundwater is generally low in concentration compared to inland surface waters. However, the overall amount of groundwater DOM is huge, as there is 100 times more fresh groundwater than fresh surface water. To date, research on groundwater DOM has merely focused on specific threats to humans such as e.g. DOM and heavy metal complexations and DOM from ...
forests, etc ; Cenchrus purpureus; Fluvisols; bananas; carbon sequestration; corn; cowpeas; decline; disturbed soils; irrigation; land use change; management systems; microbial biomass; mineralization; plant residues; semiarid zones; soil organic matter; soil quality; tillage; total nitrogen; total organic carbon; Brazil; Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter (SOM) is a critical component of the soil system and a sensitive indicator of soil quality. We aimed to investigate the response of SOM pools to different land uses and management in irrigated croplands of the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil. Four sites irrigated under long-term (29 years) land uses were selected: banana (B1 and B2); elephant grass (EG) - perennial systems ...
coniferous forests; national forests, etc ; research; Norway; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Forest protection in nature reserves in Norway relies on the voluntary participation of forest owners. While the national forest protection program has been a success since its start in early 1990s, by 2020 the national forest protection authorities were only halfway to reaching their goal of protecting 10% all forest area. We examined attitudes towards forest protection in general and towards dif ...