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1. Low temperatures at higher elevations require plants to exhibit increased freezing resistance throughout the summer months

Author:
Neuner, Gilbert; Huber, Barbara; Plangger, Anne; Pohlin, Jenni-Marlen; Walde, Janette
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2020 v.169 pp. 103882
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
frost; frost injury; frost resistance,   etc   ; Pinus; alpine plants; altitude; leaf development; leaves; plant damage; risk; summer; temperature;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The frequency and severity of night frosts increase during the summer in the alpine environment as elevation increases. Intra-specific, temporal, and elevational variability in the freezing resistance (FR) of alpine plants during the active growing period has not been documented, especially in regards to the intra-specific distribution of plants at their upper elevational limits of growth.The FR o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.103882

2. Normalized NDVI valley area index (NNVAI)-based framework for quantitative and timely monitoring of winter wheat frost damage on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China

Author:
Zhao, Longcai; Li, Qiangzi; Zhang, Yuan; Wang, Hongyan; Du, Xin
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2020 v.292 pp. 106793
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
frost; frost injury,   etc   ; Triticum aestivum; crop production; models; monitoring; normalized difference vegetation index; prediction; risk; winter wheat; China;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Frost events pose a threat to normal development of winter wheat and increase risk of production loss, even given the context of global warming. On the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain (HHHP), which is the largest region of winter wheat cultivation in China, frost damage has become one of the major meteorological catastrophes. In recent years, both frequency of occurrence and severity of frost events in this ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2019.106793

3. Stability of species and provenance performance when translocated into different community assemblages

Author:
Camarretta, Nicolò; Harrison, Peter A.; Bailey, Tanya; Davidson, Neil; Lucieer, Arko; Hunt, Mark; Potts, Brad M.
Source:
Restoration ecology 2020 v.28 no.2 pp. 447-458
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
frost; frost injury,   etc   ; Eucalyptus pauciflora; botanical composition; community structure; developmental stages; forest restoration; herbivores; insects; mortality; provenance; sclerophyll forests;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The stability of species and provenance performance across diverse environments is a major issue in restoration, particularly for assisted migration and climate‐adjusted provenancing strategies. This study examines how differences in species and provenance performance are affected by plant community composition in a dry sclerophyll forest restoration experiment. Five indices were measured over 6 y ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.13098

4. Frost fatigue and its spring recovery of xylem conduits in ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and coniferous species in situ

Author:
Dai, Yongxin; Wang, Lin; Wan, Xianchong
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2020 v.146 pp. 177-186
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
frost; frost injury,   etc   ; autumn; branches; conifers; embolism; hydraulic conductivity; spring; translocation (plant physiology); trees; winter; wood; xylem; xylem water potential;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Frost-induced embolism and frost fatigue are two major aspects of frost damage to xylem water transport in trees. In this study, three species of each ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and coniferous trees growing in situ were used to explore their differences in winter embolism and frost fatigue. Changes in predawn water potential, predawn native embolism, maximal specific conductivity (Kmax), and cav ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.014

5. Frost hardiness of apple (Malus X domestica) flowers in different phenological phases

Author:
Szalay, László; György, Zsuzsanna; Tóth, Magdolna
Source:
Scientia horticulturae 2019 v.253 pp. 309-315
ISSN:
0304-4238
Subject:
frost; frost injury; frost resistance,   etc   ; Malus domestica; apples; cultivars; dormancy; flowering; freezing; phenology; temperature;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In most of the apple growing areas freezing temperatures may occur in the flowering period, so it is important to study the frost tolerance of cultivars not only during dormancy but during the flowering period as well. Frost tolerance can be assessed by several methods, but the most accurate results can be achieved by artificial freezing experiments. The results of frost resistance tests performed ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scienta.2019.04.055

6. Frost tolerance in Vachellia sieberiana var. woodii in the high-altitude grasslands of southern Africa

Author:
Russell, Jennifer M.; Tedder, Michelle J.
Source:
South African journal of botany 2020 v.128 pp. 239-245
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
frost; frost resistance,   etc   ; Vachellia; altitude; browsing; climatic zones; cold stress; coppicing; grasslands; growing season; mortality; sap; saplings; seed germination; seeds; sugars; temperature; viability; wildfires; Southern Africa;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... High altitude grasslands are frequently within a climatic zone that should support trees, yet trees are absent. Low temperature is often cited as a possible mechanism that excludes trees. We investigated the effect of white frost and black frost on Vachellia sieberiana saplings, possible preadaptation to frost; a possible strategy employed to tolerate frost; and whether seeds of V. sieberiana are ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2019.11.012

7. Study on compressive strength and durability of alkali-activated coal gangue-slag concrete and its mechanism

Author:
Ma, Hongqiang; Zhu, Hongguang; Wu, Chao; Chen, Hongyu; Sun, Jianwei; Liu, Jinyan
Source:
Powder technology 2020 v.368 pp. 112-124
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
frost resistance,   etc   ; chlorides; coal; compression strength; concrete; durability; freeze-thaw cycles; permeability; scanning electron microscopy; sulfates;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this paper, AACGS concrete was prepared by using raw and 700 °C calcined coal gangue as the coarse aggregate and alkali-activated coal gangue-slag (AACGS) as the cementitious material. The variation of compressive strength and durability of AACGS concrete was studied, and the durability damage mechanism of AACGS concrete is analyzed in depth by SEM. The research results showed that coal gangue ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.04.054

8. Impacts of different freeze-thaw treatments on the adsorption and desorption behaviors of Cd in black soil

Author:
Wang, Quanying; Sun, Jingyue; Yu, Hongwen
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.10 pp. 10990-10999
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; adsorption; cadmium; desorption; freeze-thaw cycles; freezing; freezing point; heavy metals; soil; temperature; thawing;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seasonal freeze-thaw cycle (FTC) is one of the key processes that affect heavy metal behaviors in soil. However, previous studies are mainly focused on extreme FTC treatments which may exaggerate the real FTC effects in the field. This study aimed to compare the effects of different FTC conditions on the adsorption and desorption behaviors of Cd in the surface black soil. Different minimum freezin ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-020-07709-4

9. Modelling of early winter snow density using fully polarimetric C-band SAR data in the Indian Himalayas

Author:
Varade, Divyesh; Manickam, Surendar; Dikshit, Onkar; Singh, Gulab; Snehmani,
Source:
Remote sensing of environment 2020 v.240 pp. 111699
ISSN:
0034-4257
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; hydrology; melting; models; polarimetry; remote sensing; snow; snowpack; synthetic aperture radar; winter; Himalayan region; India;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The seasonal snow cover contributes significantly to the water resource in the Indian Himalayas, and snow density is one of the vital parameters in the determination of the hydrological potential of snow. The application of conventional methods for snow density retrieval using fully polarimetric SAR data is constrained by the properties of snow primarily due to the melt and frost cycles, as compar ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rse.2020.111699

10. Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating (SHD) of sorted stripes on Juvflye, Jotunheimen (central South Norway): Morphodynamic and palaeoclimatic implications

Author:
Winkler, Stefan; Matthews, John A.; Haselberger, Stefan; Hill, Jennifer L.; Mourne, Richard W.; Owen, Geraint; Wilson, Peter
Source:
Geomorphology 2020 v.353 pp. 107014
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; Holocene epoch; age determination; altitude; data collection; equations; paleoclimatology; permafrost; soil water; thermodynamics; Norway;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Measurements with an electronic Schmidt-hammer (RockSchmidt) were conducted on 23 sites of sorted stripes (periglacial patterned ground) on Juvflye, Jotunheimen (central South Norway). All were located above the current lower limit of alpine permafrost. Performing Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating (SHD) based on application of a new local age-calibration equation for RRₒcₖ-values yielded SHD-ages ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.107014

11. Do Carbon Reserves Increase Tree Survival during Stress and Following Disturbance?

Author:
Wiley, Erin
Source:
Current forestry reports 2020 v.6 no.1 pp. 14-25
ISSN:
2198-6436
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; carbohydrates; carbon; carbon sequestration; defoliation; drought; forestry; photosynthesis; roots; tissues; tree mortality; trees;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Carbon (C) storage provides trees with a pool of C that can be remobilized and used to sustain vital physiological processes when photosynthesis and/or C transport cannot meet a plant’s current demands. As such, it may be an important determinant of tree survival in many cases. However, we do not yet know how often tree mortality occurs as the result of carbon limitation, and th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40725-019-00106-2

12. Experimental analysis of heat coupling during TES based reverse cycle defrosting method for cascade air source heat pumps

Author:
Minglu, Qu; Rao, Zhang; Jianbo, Chen; Yuanda, Cheng; Xudong, Zhao; Tongyao, Zhang; Zhao, Li
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.147 pp. 35-42
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; air; heat; heat exchangers; heat pumps; renewable energy sources; temperature; thawing; thermal energy;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Adopting thermal energy storage (TES) based reverse cycle defrosting (RCD) for cascade air source heat pumps (ASHPs) is a feasible way to tackle the defrosting problem when the cascade ASHP is operated in heating process. However, during TES-based RCD, the phase change material (PCM) undergoes multi-mode heat discharging process, resulting from different operating conditions in high temperature cy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.120

13. Temporal and spatial variations in freeze warnings in the conterminous United States: 2005–2018

Author:
Lawhorn, Brandon; Balling, Robert C., Jr
Source:
Theoretical and applied climatology 2020 v.139 no.3-4 pp. 1379-1384
ISSN:
0177-798X
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; atmospheric chemistry; autumn; latitude; spring; summer; temporal variation; Southeastern United States;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... It is well-documented that the United States (US), along with other mid-latitude land locations, has experienced warming in recent decades in response to changes in atmospheric composition. Among other changes, Easterling (2002) reported that the frost-free period is now longer across much of the US with the first frost in fall occurring later and the last freeze in spring occurring earlier. In th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00704-019-03056-8

14. Mycorrhizal inoculation mitigates damage from an intermediate, but not severe, frost event for a cool-season perennial bunchgrass

Author:
Connolly, Brian M.; Guiden, Peter W.; Orrock, John L.
Source:
Botany 2020 v.98 no.2 pp. 127-135
ISSN:
1916-2804
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; Elymus canadensis; cold; cold season; mycorrhizae; mycorrhizal fungi; plant growth; plant tissues; reproduction; temperature; tillers;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Extreme cold events can damage plant tissues, altering growth and reproduction. Soil fungi may help plants tolerate environmental stressors, but the role these microbes play during episodes of severe cold warrants further examination. Using the bunchgrass Elymus canadensis L., we tested how inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi alters plant tolerance to freezing temperatures (tested at –8 °C and –16 ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjb-2019-0127

15. Pedunculate oak decline in southern Belgium: a long-term process highlighting the complex interplay among drought, winter frost, biotic attacks, and masting

Author:
Losseau, Julie; Jonard, Mathieu; Vincke, Caroline
Source:
Canadian journal of forest research 2020 v.50 no.4 pp. 380-389
ISSN:
1208-6037
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; Quercus robur; climate change; cold; decline; drought; masting; mortality; spring; trees; winter; Belgium;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Since 2013, pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) mortality has been observed in the Ardennes region of Belgium. We aimed to understand the current decline by retrospectively (1945–2015) studying radial growth patterns of trees classified by three health statuses (reference, declining, and dying) and by linking them to abiotic and biotic hazard history, which we recorded and quantified. Our results s ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjfr-2019-0341

16. Frost damage on grain number in wheat at different spike developmental stages and its modelling

Author:
Martino, D.L.; Abbate, P.E.
Source:
European journal of agronomy 2019 v.103 pp. 13-23
ISSN:
1161-0301
Subject:
frost; frost injury,   etc   ; Triticum aestivum; cultivars; filling period; flowering; models; spring; stem elongation; temperature; wheat; Argentina;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Frosts may damage wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spikes and severely reduce their yield. The objective of this study was (i) to quantify the level of susceptibility to frost at different spike developmental stages, and (ii) to develop a theoretical-empirical model to estimate successive frosts damage on grain number (GN) at different spike and crop developmental stages based on the meteorological ch ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.eja.2018.10.010

17. Effect of climate and air pollution on radial growth of mixed forests: Abies alba Mill. vs. Picea abies (L.) Karst.

Author:
Mikulenka, Petr; Prokůpková, Anna; Vacek, Zdeněk; Vacek, Stanislav; Bulušek, Daniel; Simon, Jaroslav; Šimůnek, Václav; Hájek, Vojtěch
Source:
Central European Forestry Journal 2020 v.66 no.1 pp. 23-36
ISSN:
2454-0358
Subject:
frost; frost injury,   etc   ; Abies alba; Picea abies; air pollution; air temperature; bark beetles; biodiversity; climate change; climatic factors; drought; forest stands; landscapes; mixed forests; mountains; ozone; pollution load; spring; sulfur dioxide; synergism; trees; troposphere; winter; Central European region; Czech Republic;     Show all 25 Subjects
Abstract:
... Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) are main tree species of Central Europe that are currently highly vulnerable in times of global climate change. The research deals with the effect of climate and air pollution on radial growth of silver fir and Norway spruce in mixed age-varied (56 – 146 years) forests in the Jeseníky Protected Landscape Area, the Czech Repu ...
DOI:
10.2478/forj-2019-0026

18. Inorganic composition and occult deposition of frost collected under severe polluted area in winter in the North China Plain

Author:
Zhu, Chao; Li, Jiarong; Chen, Hui; Cheng, Tiantao; Wen, Liang; Herrmann, Hartmut; Xiao, Hang; Chen, Jianmin
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.722 pp. 137911
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; ammonium; bicarbonates; calcium; chemical composition; dry deposition; nitrates; nitrogen; pH; particulates; pollution; potassium; soil; sulfates; water solubility; winter; China;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Frost as a kind of deposition plays an important role in the removal of atmospheric compounds. However, studies concerning frost in the atmospheric environment were rare although chemical composition in frost samples might be affected by the surrounding atmospheric environment. In this study, a total of 35 frost samples were collected by means of a homemade glass-plate frost condenser under severe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137911

19. Study on the coupled heat-water-vapor-mechanics process of unsaturated soils

Author:
Bai, Ruiqiang; Lai, Yuanming; Zhang, Mingyi; Ren, Jingge
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2020 v.585 pp. 124784
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
frost heave,   etc   ; cooling; deformation; freezing; heat transfer; hydrology; liquids; models; temperature; volumetric water content; water content; water vapor;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Freezing of unsaturated soils jointly involves heat transfer, water-vapor migration, water-ice and water-vapor phase changes and deformation. To understand this freezing, we conducted a series of one-dimensional freezing tests to study the influences of the initial water content and cooling temperature on the water-vapor migration and deformation of unsaturated soils. Results show that the initial ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124784

20. Andean rolling mosses gather on stone pavements: Geoecology of Grimmia longirostris Hook. in a high periglacial páramo

Author:
Pérez, Francisco L.
Source:
Catena 2020 v.187 pp. 104389
ISSN:
0341-8162
Subject:
frost,   etc   ; Grimmia; basins; ice; illuviation; models; mosses and liverworts; organic matter; rocks; runoff; soil properties; Andes region; Venezuela;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rolling mosses of Grimmia longirostris Hook. were studied in Páramo Piedras Blancas, a high Andean area in Venezuela, using a geoecological research framework focused on interactions between geomorphic, ecological, and soil processes. Spatial patterns of mosses were analyzed downslope from granitic outcrops on three slopes at 4445–4480 m elevation. Fragments from epilithic mosses on the apex outcr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2019.104389