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1. Parasite exposure and host susceptibility jointly drive the emergence of epidemics

Author:
Stewart Merrill, Tara E.; Hall, Spencer R.; Cáceres, Carla E.
Source:
Ecology 2021 v.102 no.2 pp. e03245
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; hemocytes; parasites;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Parasite transmission is thought to depend on both parasite exposure and host susceptibility to infection; however, the relative contribution of these two factors to epidemics remains unclear. We used interactions between an aquatic host and its fungal parasite to evaluate how parasite exposure and host susceptibility interact to drive epidemics. In six lakes, we tracked the following factors from ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecy.3245

2. A case of disseminated cryptococcus in an immunocompetent individual necessitating ventriculoperitoneal shunt

Author:
Myers, Daniel; McVaney, Brooke; Higginbotham, Zachary
Source:
Medical mycology case reports 2021 v.32 pp. 53-55
ISSN:
2211-7539
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; cryptococcosis; hydrocephalus; meningitis; mycology;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cryptococcosis is a rare fungal disease causes primarily by two opportunistic organisms. It is usually seen in the immunocompromised but rarely it can infect immunocompetent individuals. We present a case of disseminated cryptococcus manifesting as cryptococcal meningitis in a young immunocompetent individual that led to substantial nonobstructive hydrocephalus which required VP shunt placement. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mmcr.2021.03.001

3. Fungal genes in the innovation and evolution of land plants

Author:
Wang, Shuanghua; Huang, Jinling
Source:
Plant signaling & behavior 2021 v.16 no.4 pp. 1879534
ISSN:
1559-2324
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; behavior; evolution; gametophores; genes;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although fungal association has been instrumental to the evolution of land plants, how genes of fungal origin might have contributed to major plant innovations remains unclear. In a recent study, we showed that a macro2 domain-containing gene likely acquired from mycorrhiza-like fungi is important in gametophore development of mosses, suggesting a role of fungi-derived genes in the three-dimension ...
DOI:
10.1080/15592324.2021.1879534

4. α-pyrone derivatives from endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. RJ-41

Author:
Zhang, Qiong; Ma, Wei-guang; Zhao, Qing; Zhao, Yu-ying; Huang, Zhi-pu; Xu, Yu-xiao; Zhu, De-fen; Li, Jin-cun; Zhang, Xiao-mei
Source:
Biochemical systematics and ecology 2021 v.94 pp. 104198
ISSN:
0305-1978
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Diaporthe; chemotaxonomy; endophytes; fermentation;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new α-pyrone derivative 1 and six known α-pyrone derivatives 2–7, along with known compounds 8–10 were isolated from the fermentation products of the endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. RJ-41. Among them, nine compounds (1–9) were reported for the first time from the genus Diaporthe. This work expanded the knowledge of the chemical diversity of the genus Diaporthe, and the chemotaxonomic significanc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bse.2020.104198

5. Xerotrema megalospora (Ascomycetes: Odontotremataceae), a New Fungus for Canada

Author:
Brodo, Irwin M.
Source:
Evansia 2021 v.37 no.4 pp. 152-155
ISSN:
2330-9148
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Megalospora; Odontotremataceae; British Columbia;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Xerotrema megalospora is reported as new for Canada from British Columbia and is only the third report for North America. The Canadian material is briefly described and illustrated. ...
DOI:
10.1639/0747-9859-37.4.152

6. Streptococci as the new dominant aetiological factors of mastitis in dairy cows in north-eastern Poland: analysis of the results obtained in 2013–2019

Author:
Kaczorek-Łukowska, E.; Małaczewska, J.; Wójcik, R.; Naumowicz, K.; Blank, A.; Siwicki, A. K.
Source:
Irish veterinary journal 2021 v.74 no.1 pp. 2
ISSN:
2046-0481
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus agalactiae; milk; Poland;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objective of our study was to evaluate prevalence of selected bacterial and fungal pathogens of mastitis in dairy cattle in north-eastern Poland. Our study was conducted from 2013 to 2019 in 1,665 clinically and sub-clinically infected quarter milk samples (2013, n = 368; 2014, n = 350; 2015, n = 290; 2016, n = 170; 2017, n = 173; 2018, n = 224; and 2019, n = 90). The isolation and identificat ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13620-020-00181-z

7. Compartmentalized biosynthesis of fungal natural products

Author:
Du, Lei; Li, Shengying
Source:
Current opinion in biotechnology 2021 v.69 pp. 128-135
ISSN:
0958-1669
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; biogenesis; biosynthesis; biotechnology; humans; organelles;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fungal natural products (NPs) with diverse chemical structures and biological activities are rich resources of both drugs and toxins, thus causing Janus-like effects on human beings. Significant progress has been made in discovery and mining of novel fungal NPs in the past decades. Unlike prokaryotic organisms, eukaryotic cells of fungi have discrete organelles to form compartmentalized assembly l ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.006

8. Discrimination of the geographic origins and varieties of wine grapes using high-throughput sequencing assisted by a random forest model

Author:
Gao, Feifei; Zeng, Guihua; Wang, Bin; Xiao, Jing; Zhang, Liang; Cheng, Weidong; Wang, Hua; Li, Hua; Shi, Xuewei
Source:
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie 2021 v.145 pp. 111333
ISSN:
0023-6438
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; algorithms; provenance; wine grapes; wines; China;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The geographic origin and variety of wine grapes play a vital role in shaping wine characteristics. To determine the geographic origins and varieties of wine grapes, the compositions of the microbial communities on the surface of four varietal grapes from five regions in Xinjiang, China were investigated using high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore, a random forest (RF) classifier was introduced ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111333

9. Targeting Ascomycota genomes: what and how big?

Author:
Hill, Rowena; Leitch, Ilia J.; Gaya, Ester
Source:
Fungal biology reviews 2021 v.36 pp. 52-59
ISSN:
1749-4613
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Ascomycota; genome; genome assembly; genomics; mycology;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gap analysis of the available genomic data (i.e. identifying taxonomic groups with no representative genome assemblies) is a fundamental first step to design effective sampling strategies for whole genome sequencing (WGS) initiatives. We identified the significant holes that remain in genomic resources of the Ascomycota – the largest fungal phylum including many species of medicinal, ecological an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fbr.2021.03.003

10. First report of the white rotting fungus Sarcodontia crocea in Armenia

Author:
Gasparyan, Arsen; Szczepkowski, Andrzej
Source:
Folia forestalia Polonica 2021 v.63 no.1 pp. 65-67
ISSN:
2199-5907
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; apples; habitats; orchards; villages; Armenia;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl. is recorded for the first time from Armenia. The specimen has been collected from the old fallen branch of apple tree (Malus sp.) and known from the single locality, the private orchard at the Vahagni village, Lori province. Herein, the collected specimen, habitat and threats are briefly described. Further inclusion to the Red Data Book of Armenia is recomme ...
DOI:
10.2478/ffp-2021-0006

11. Active Metabolites from the Fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. YMF1.0474

Author:
Liu, Cheng-Mang; Wang, Ya-Li; Wang, Xin; Li, Guo-Hong
Source:
Chemistry of natural compounds 2021 v.57 no.2 pp. 257-259
ISSN:
0009-3130
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Pestalotiopsis; acetylcholinesterase; culture media; metabolites;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The chemical constituents of the fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. YMF1.0474 were studied. Five compounds, including a new pestalrone C (1) and four known compounds, namely, 6-[1-hydroxy-(1S)-pentyl]-4-methoxy-(6S)-2H,5H-pyran-2-one (2), LL-P880β (3), pestalrone A (4), and methyl (E)-octadec-9-enoate (5), were isolated from the culture broth of strain YMF1.0474. Compounds 1–4 showed acetylcholinesterase ( ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10600-021-03331-z

12. Spirocollequins A and B, new alkaloids featuring a spirocyclic isoindolinone core, from Colletotrichum boninense AM-12-2

Author:
Ariefta, Nanang Rudianto; Koseki, Takuya; Nishikawa, Yoshifumi; Shiono, Yoshihito
Source:
Tetrahedron letters 2021 v.64 pp. 152736
ISSN:
0040-4039
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Colletotrichum; alkaloids; antiplasmodial properties; endophytes;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A pair of new diastereomeric isoindolinone alkaloids, spirocollequins A and B, were isolated from an endophytic fungus, Colletotrichum boninense AM-12-2. Their structures are featuring a 4,5-dihydro-spiro[furan-2,1′-isoindolin]-3′-one core. Their structures were determined by 1D/2D NMR, the Mosher’s ester method, and DFT-GIAO NMR chemical shift calculations, coupled with advanced statistical proce ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152736

13. FastFung: A novel medium for the culture and isolation of fastidious fungal species from clinical samples

Author:
Bittar, Fadi; Gouriet, Frédérique; Khelaifia, Saber; Raoult, Didier; Ranque, Stéphane
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2021 v.180 pp. 106108
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Candida; Penicillium; agar; culture media; mycology;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We developed a novel culture medium, referred to FastFung medium as suitable for the culture of clinical fungi, including fastidious ones, for both research and diagnostic studies. It is based on Schædler agar supplemented with many essential components for the growth of fastidious fungi. It also contains selective antibacterial agents for the inhibition of contaminant bacteria growth. In this pre ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106108

14. Functional Amyloids Germinate in Plants

Author:
Santos, Jaime; Ventura, Salvador
Source:
Trends in plant science 2021 v.26 no.1 pp. 7-10
ISSN:
1360-1385
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; Archaea; amyloid; bacteria; humans; seed longevity;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... First identified in human disorders, amyloids serve biological functions in bacteria, archaea, fungi, and animals; however, their role in plants has remained unexplored. Recently, Antonets et al. identified a functional amyloid in plants, with a crucial role in seed longevity, confirming that amyloids are universally exploited for organisms’ adaptation. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tplants.2020.10.001

15. Lineage-Specific Genes and Cryptic Sex: Parallels and Differences between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Fungal Pathogens

Author:
Reinhardt, Didier; Roux, Christophe; Corradi, Nicolas; Di Pietro, Antonio
Source:
Trends in plant science 2021 v.26 no.2 pp. 111-123
ISSN:
1360-1385
Subject:
mycorrhizal fungi; plant pathogenic fungi,   etc   ; Rhizophagus irregularis; embryophytes; environment; genes; genomics; humans; symbionts;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) live as obligate root symbionts on almost all land plants. They have long been regarded as ancient asexuals that have propagated clonally for millions of years. However, genomic studies in Rhizophagus irregularis and other AMF revealed many features indicative of sex. Surprisingly, comparative genomics of conspecific isolates of R. irregularis revealed an unexpec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tplants.2020.09.006

16. Effect of pasteurization on Aspergillus fumigatus in apple juice: Analysis of the thermal and electric effects

Author:
Müller, Wagner Augusto; Pasin, Maria Valentina Antúnes; Sarkis, Júlia Ribeiro; Marczak, Ligia Damasceno Ferreira
Source:
International journal of food microbiology 2021 v.338 pp. 108993
ISSN:
0168-1605
Subject:
fungi; spoilage fungi,   etc   ; Aspergillus fumigatus; apple juice; food microbiology; fruits; heat; models; ohmic heating; pasteurization;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fungal spoilage in fruit juices is a currently relevant issue considering that recent reports have found unacceptable fungal levels even after traditional pasteurization processes. Ohmic heating demonstrated to be a good alternative process to conventional pasteurization, as it can promote higher heating rates and additional cell damage in some scenarios (nonthermal effects). However, the applicat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108993

17. Efficacy of mild thermal and pulsed light treatments, individually applied or in combination, for maintaining postharvest quality of strawberry cv. Albion

Author:
Contigiani, Eunice V.; Jaramillo Sánchez, Gabriela M.; Castro, María A.; Gómez, Paula L.; Alzamora, Stella M.
Source:
Journal of food processing and preservation 2021 v.45 no.1 pp. e15095
ISSN:
0145-8892
Subject:
fungi; spoilage fungi,   etc   ; deformation; firmness; fruits; fungal growth; microstructure; shelf life; strawberries; weight loss;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The effect of mild thermal (TT) and pulsed light (PL) treatments, individually applied or in combination, on fungal spoilage, mechanical properties, weight loss, and microstructure of strawberries (cv. Albion) stored at 5 °C was evaluated. TT (2.5 and 5.0 min in water at 46 ± 0.4 °C) was more effective than PL (fluence: 11.9 J/cm²) to reduce fungal decay. TT for 5 min delayed the onset of infectio ...
DOI:
10.1111/jfpp.15095

18. Fungal Diversity

Author:
Van Bael, Sunshine A.
Source:
Diversity 2020 v.12 no.11
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; animals; ecosystems; symbionts;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fungi play key roles at two levels of ecological organization: in communities, fungi are symbionts of plants and animals, while in ecosystems, fungi are decomposers that recycle nutrients to other organisms [...] ...
DOI:
10.3390/d12110437

19. Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi from Muş Province in Turkey

Author:
Yazici, K.; Aslan, A.; Karahan, D.; Aptroot, A.; Sipman, H. J. M.
Source:
Acta botanica Hungarica 2020 v.62 no.3-4 pp. 435-452
ISSN:
1588-2578
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; flora; lichens; varieties;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A contribution to the lichen flora of Turkey is presented. A total of 282 lichen taxa and 20 lichenicolous fungi, of which 4 are varieties, are determined from 87 different localities in Muş province (Turkey). Lichenostigmagracile, a lichenicolous fungus, is new to Turkey, and 274 lichen species and 20 lichenicolous fungi are new for Muş. ...
DOI:
10.1556/034.62.2020.3-4.10

20. Aerobiological behavior of Paleolithic rock art sites in Dordogne (France): a comparative study in protected sites ranging from rock shelters to caves, with and without public access

Author:
Leplat, Johann; François, Alexandre; Touron, Stéphanie; Frouin, Millena; Portais, Jean-Christophe; Bousta, Faisl
Source:
Aerobiologia 2020 v.36 no.3 pp. 355-374
ISSN:
0393-5965
Subject:
fungi,   etc   ; comparative study; France;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microbial organisms can cause huge crises in decorated caves, as seen in emblematic sites such as Lascaux cave. The preservation of such sites involves understanding the healthy microbial behavior of caves before the damage occurs. Indeed, knowledge of normal cave behavior is a prerequisite to identifying potential imbalance. This study seeks to determine whether models of aerobiological behavior ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10453-020-09637-9