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fungi, etc ; carbon dioxide; microbial biomass; toluene; volatile organic compounds; wheat straw; China; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... As a common practice in agricultural system, straw return has been reported to release a large number of trace gases and attracted much attention. However, the role of straw return in toluene emission remains poorly understood. In this study we measured the emissions of toluene as well as other 50 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wheat straw return for 66 days under flooded and non-flooded c ...
... Asterinales is an important epifoliar order which generally lacks of DNA-based sequence data. There are many genera in Asterinales lacking molecular data and the exact taxonomic placement of those genera is undetermined. In this study, we introduce Brunneofissuraceae fam. nov. and Cirsosia mangiferae sp. nov. and Asterina neomangiferae nom. nov. based on morpho-molecular evidences. All fungal spec ...
... Traits are inherent properties of organisms, but how are they defined for organismal networks such as mycorrhizal symbioses? Mycorrhizal symbioses are complex and diverse belowground symbioses between plants and fungi that have proved challenging to fit into a unified and coherent trait framework. We propose an inclusive mycorrhizal trait framework that classifies traits as morphological, physiolo ...
... Fungal infections with non-Aspergillus species are increasingly reported even among immunocompetent individuals. We report a case of bilateral injection abscesses by Scedosporium apiospermum in an immunocompetent patient. This rare fungus was isolated and identified by culture from the surgical tissue and was confirmed by Vitek MS and sequencing of the internal transcribed spaces region of rDNA. T ...
... Oxalyl chloride is one of the most versatile reagents used in organic synthesis. Oxalyl chloride was employed in the convenient one-pot, two-step synthesis of the fungus-derived naturally occurring lipoids: N,N'-dipalmitoleyl urea (C₁₆:₁) and N,N'-dioleyl urea (C₁₈:₁). The two symmetrical diacyl urea-based natural products were previously identified as fungus-specific pathogen-associated molecules ...
... Covering up to June 2021 Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) from fungi are an underexplored class of natural products, despite their propensity for diverse bioactivities and unique structural features. Surveys of fungal genomes for biosynthetic gene clusters encoding RiPPs have been limited in their scope due to our incomplete understanding of fungal RiPP bi ...
... Macrophages play a crucial role in fungal clearance during Candida albicans infection. In order to eliminate the intracellular fungi and survive, macrophages need to quickly respond to the dimorphic transition by repairing the phagolysosomal membrane. Also, actin-contractile rings were recently suggested as a powerful weapon to dampen hyphal growth. ...
fungi, etc ; Aureobasidium pullulans; excision; mycology; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Phaeohyphomycosis refers to uncommon infections due to a large group of heterogeneous organisms called “dematiaceous fungi”. Here, we report a rare case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in an immunocompetent carpenter, presenting as multiple verrucous and confluent papulo-nodules of the right leg, and likely due to traumatic inoculation. The pathogenic fungal species was identified as Aureobasidi ...
... Mepanipyrim, an anilinopyrimidine fungicide, has been extensively used to prevent fungal diseases in fruit culture. Currently, research on mepanipyrim-induced toxicity in organisms is still very scarce, especially visual developmental toxicity. Here, zebrafish larvae were employed to investigate mepanipyrim-induced visual developmental toxicity. Intense light and monochromatic light stimuli-evoked ...
... Hygrothermal processes are widely used in modification of wood or other lignocellulosic materials to improve their decay resistance and dimensional stability. However, the mechanism behind the improved decay resistance is still unclear. In this study, hygrothermal modification of holocellulose was carried out at different temperature (℃) -duration (min) combinations (180−60, 220−60, 220−180), and ...
fungi, etc ; endophytes; hosts; lifestyle; pathogenicity; soil; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plant–fungal interactions in the soil crucially impact crop productivity and can range from highly beneficial to detrimental. Accumulating evidence suggests that some root-colonizing fungi shift between endophytic and pathogenic behaviour depending on the host species and that combinations of effector proteins collectively shape the fungal lifestyle on a given plant. In this review we discuss rece ...
fungi, etc ; detritivores; pedodiversity; soil ecology; weather; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Reasons for the higher-than-expected soil and litter faunal diversity are still poorly understood – the so-called ‘enigma of soil animal diversity’ - especially regarding the extent of specialization of arthropod detritivores towards leaf-litter species. Here, we assess soil detritivorous arthropod diversity patterns in relation to eight, green leaf-litter species, in an old-growth, diverse southe ...
fungi, etc ; Ganoderma; biobased products; habituation; mycelium; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fungal construction materials—substrates colonised by mycelium—are getting increased recognition as viable ecologically friendly alternatives to conventional building materials. A functionality of the constructions made from fungal materials would be enriched if blocks with living mycelium, known for their ability to respond to chemical, optical and tactile stimuli, were inserted. We investigated ...
fungi, etc ; Scedosporium; eyes; patients; saprophytes; Argentina; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Scedosporium/Lomentospora species are widely distributed in nature. They are generally saprophytes, but can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients and occasionally in immunocompetent patients that are difficult to treat due to high levels of antifungal resistance. The distribution of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species shows regional differences. Scedosporium boydii and Scedosp ...
fungi, etc ; Fagus; forest management; forests; microclimate; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The reduction of deadwood due to forest management threatens saproxylic diversity. Therefore, deadwood needs to be preserved and enriched. While the importance of deadwood tree identity is well investigated, the value of different object types and microclimate for diversity is insufficiently understood. Conservation-oriented forest management, therefore, requires guidelines on how deadwood types u ...
fungi, etc ; biosynthesis; dimethylallyltranstransferase; heterologous gene expression; meroterpenoids; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Prenyltransferases play important roles in the diversification of natural products and the improvement of biological activities. A UbiA-type prenyltransferase CdnC with substrate promiscuity was identified as the pivotal builder of the noncanonical chrodrimanin skeletons, which carry a benzo-cyclohexanone structure as the nonterpene part. In vitro and heterologous expression studies with CdnC led ...
fungi, etc ; food quality; fruits; mycotoxins; postharvest diseases; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fungal pathogens, the causative agents of postharvest decay and mycotoxin contamination in a fruit, are major threats to food quality and safety worldwide. Control of postharvest decay is a significant challenge because of the limited availability of management options. -Omic technologies based on high-throughput sequencing have provided a powerful research tool for understanding complex pathologi ...
fungi, etc ; agriculture; corn; fumonisins; stakeholders; surveys; Portugal; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Maize is one of the most important staple crops worldwide. However, it is also very susceptible to fungal infections. Some Fusarium species are responsible for causing diseases in maize and producing mycotoxins, contributing for considerable reduction of yield, quality, and profit. In Portugal and other Mediterranean countries with similar climatic conditions, F. verticillioides and F. subglutinan ...
fungi, etc ; Nematoda; crops; endophytes; mutualism; plant protection; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Virtually all examined plant species harbour fungal endophytes which asymptomatically infect or colonize living plant tissues, including leaves, branches, stems and roots. Endophyte-host interactions are complex and span the mutualist–pathogen continuum. Notably, mutualist endophytes can confer increased fitness to their host plants compared with uncolonized plants, which has attracted interest in ...
fungi, etc ; histopathology; mycology; mycoses; squamous cell carcinoma; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Jorge Lobo's disease is a chronic granulomatous cutaneous-subcutaneous mycosis caused by the fungus Lacazia loboi, seen mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. Malignant transformation rarely occurs in this infection. In the present manuscript, we report two cases of Jorge Lobo's disease complicated by invasive squamous cell carcinoma: a 67-year-old man with a 26 -year history of Jorge Lobo's ...