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1. Effects of Drugs and Excipients on Hydration Status

Author:
Puga, Ana M.; Lopez-Oliva, Sara; Trives, Carmen; Partearroyo, Teresa; Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio
Source:
Nutrients 2019 v.11 no.3
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; body water; diarrhea; drugs; intestines; monitoring; nutrition; patients; permeability; sensation; sweat; thermoregulation; thirst; urine;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Despite being the most essential nutrient, water is commonly forgotten in the fields of pharmacy and nutrition. Hydration status is determined by water balance (the difference between water input and output). Hypohydration or negative water balance is affected by numerous factors, either internal (i.e., a lack of thirst sensation) or external (e.g., polypharmacy or chronic consumption of certain d ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu11030669

2. Gastrointestinal effects following acupuncture at Pericardium‐6 and Stomach‐36 in healthy dogs: a pilot study

Author:
Radkey, D. I.; Writt, V. E.; Snyder, L. B. C.; Jones, B. G.; Johnson, R. A.
Source:
Thejournal of small animal practice 2019 v.60 no.1 pp. 38-43
ISSN:
0022-4510
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; acupuncture; animal feeding; colon; cross-over studies; dogs; gastric emptying; polyethylene; radiography; rectum; stomach;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVES: To quantify changes in gastric and intestinal emptying times in the conscious dog following gastrointestinal acupoint stimulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a randomised, blinded crossover study, six dogs were fed 30×1.5 mm barium‐impregnated polyethylene spheres and underwent: (1) no acupuncture (Control); (2) stimulation of target points PC6 and ST36 (Target) and (3) stimulation of n ...
DOI:
10.1111/jsap.12935

3. New insights into tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) feeding behavior and digestive physiology by the self-feeding approach: effects on growth, dial patterns of food digestibility, amylase activity and gastrointestinal transit time

Author:
da Silva Reis, Yane; Leite, John Lenon Rodrigues; de Almeida, Charlle Andrerson Lima; Pereira, Denise Soledade Peixoto; Vidal, Luis Vítor Oliveira; de Araujo, Felipe Guedes; Fortes-Silva, Rodrigo
Source:
Aquaculture 2019 v.498 pp. 116-122
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Colossoma macropomum; amylases; circadian rhythm; digestibility; digestible energy; digestion; enzyme activity; feeding behavior; fish; intestines; nutrients; protocols;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fish and terrestrial vertebrates usually exhibit daily feeding rhythms that can be associated with daily patterns of digestion dynamics. The classic approach used in feeding studies usually neglects these biological rhythms. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the existence of daily feeding rhythms for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), and of daily nutrients and energy digestibility, amylase ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.08.054

4. Health‐promoting effects of dietary polysaccharide extracted from Dendrobium aphyllum on mice colon, including microbiota and immune modulation

Author:
Liu, Huifan; Wu, Hui; Wang, Qin
Source:
International journal of food science & technology 2019 v.54 no.5 pp. 1684-1696
ISSN:
0950-5423
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; Dendrobium; Erysipelotrichaceae; Ruminococcaceae; colon; health promotion; homeostasis; immunomodulation; interleukin-6; mice; microorganisms; oral administration; pH; polysaccharides; short chain fatty acids;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The health‐promoting effects of a polysaccharide (DAP) purified from Dendrobium aphyllum, on mice colon were investigated. The results indicated that consumption of DAP facilitated the differentiation degree of CD4⁺ T cells to Th₁, Th₁₇ and Treg cells; and depressed the differentiation degree to Th₂ cells, since DAP up‐regulated IL‐6 expression (from 1.08 ± 0.24 to 3.40 ± 0.36). Besides, oral admi ...
DOI:
10.1111/ijfs.14050

5. Effect of cocoa on the brain and gut in healthy subjects: a randomised controlled trial

Author:
Fox, Mark; Meyer-Gerspach, Anne Christin; Wendebourg, Maria Janina; Gruber, Maja; Heinrich, Henriette; Sauter, Matthias; Woelnerhanssen, Bettina; Koeberle, Dieter; Juengling, Freimut
Source:
The British journal of nutrition 2019 v.121 no.6 pp. 654-661
ISSN:
1475-2662
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; body mass index; chocolate; digestive system diseases; electrons; feces; females; gastric emptying; image analysis; intestines; males; patients; randomized clinical trials; scintigraphy; tomography; visual cortex; volunteers;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dark chocolate is claimed to have effects on gastrointestinal function and to improve well-being. This randomised controlled study tested the hypothesis that cocoa slows gastric emptying and intestinal transit. Functional brain imaging identified central effects of cocoa on cortical activity. Healthy volunteers (HV) ingested 100 g dark (72 % cocoa) or white (0 % cocoa) chocolate for 5 d, in random ...
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114518003689

6. Application of fluorometry (Phyto-PAM) for assessing food selection by cladocerans

Author:
Chesney, Thibault; Sastri, Akash R.; Beisner, Beatrix E.; Nandini, S.; Sarma, S. S. S.; Juneau, Philippe
Source:
Hydrobiologia 2019 v.829 no.1 pp. 133-142
ISSN:
0018-8158
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Daphnia magna; Microcystis aeruginosa; Scenedesmus obliquus; algae; chlorophyll; diet; digestibility; fluorometry; food choices; ingestion; nutritive value; phytoplankton; space and time; stoichiometry;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cladocerans feed on a variety of phytoplankton food sources, which are variable across space and time. Different phytoplankton groups represent different nutritional quality to Daphnia magna (Straus) due to differences in their Redfield stoichiometry or digestibility. We used chlorophyll fluorescence to directly measure phytoplankton group quantity and composition (green algae and cyanobacteria) i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10750-018-3753-2

7. The effect of prunes on stool output, gut transit time and gastrointestinal microbiota: A randomised controlled trial

Author:
Lever, Ellen; Scott, S. Mark; Louis, Petra; Emery, Peter W.; Whelan, Kevin
Source:
Clinical nutrition 2019 v.38 no.1 pp. 165-173
ISSN:
0261-5614
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Bifidobacterium; adults; bacteria; flatulence; gas chromatography; gastrointestinal system; intestinal microorganisms; mechanism of action; prunes; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; randomized clinical trials; short chain fatty acids;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Prunes (dried plums) are perceived to maintain healthy bowel function, however their effects on gastrointestinal (GI) function are poorly researched and potential mechanisms of action are not clear. We aimed to investigate the effect of prunes on stool output, whole gut transit time (WGTT), gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in healthy adultsWe conducted a parallel group, randomised ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.clnu.2018.01.003

8. Effects of Midazolam and Midazolam-Butorphanol on Gastrointestinal Transit Time and Motility in Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus)

Author:
Martel, Anna; Mans, Christoph; Doss, Grayson A.; Williams, Jackie M.
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2018 v.32 no.4 pp. 286-293
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; birds; gastrointestinal system; mammals; medicine; morbidity; prospective studies; radiography; sedation; sedatives; stress response;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Positive contrast gastrointestinal (GI) studies are performed frequently in avian medicine to identify GI obstruction, luminal distension, and intracoelomic mass effects. However, repeated manual restraint and radiographic positioning may result in a stress-response and associated morbidity in birds, which can be attenuated by administration of sedative drugs. In mammals, many sedative drugs have ...
DOI:
10.1647/2017-266

9. Effects of Midazolam and Midazolam-Butorphanol on Gastrointestinal Transit Time and Motility in Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus)

Author:
Martel, Anna; Mans, Christoph; Doss, Grayson A.; Williams, Jackie M.
Source:
Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2018 v.32 no.4 pp. 286-293
ISSN:
1082-6742
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; birds; gastrointestinal system; mammals; medicine; morbidity; prospective studies; radiography; sedation; sedatives; stress response;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Positive contrast gastrointestinal (GI) studies are performed frequently in avian medicine to identify GI obstruction, luminal distension, and intracoelomic mass effects. However, repeated manual restraint and radiographic positioning may result in a stress-response and associated morbidity in birds, which can be attenuated by administration of sedative drugs. In mammals, many sedative drugs have ...
DOI:
10.1647/2018-286

10. Putative mechanisms of kiwifruit on maintenance of normal gastrointestinal function

Author:
Bayer, Simone Birgit; Gearry, Richard Blair; Drummond, Lynley Ngaio
Source:
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 2018 v.58 no.14 pp. 2432-2452
ISSN:
1549-7852
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; bile; constipation; foods; gastrointestinal system; irritable bowel syndrome; kiwifruit; mechanism of action; methane; microorganisms;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Kiwifruits are recognized as providing relief from constipation and symptoms of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). However, the underlying mechanisms, specifically in regards to gastrointestinal transit time and motility, are still not completely understood. This review provides an overview on the physiological and pathophysiological processes underlying constipation and IB ...
DOI:
10.1080/10408398.2017.1327841

11. Small Intestinal Permeability and Gut-Transit Time Determined with Low and High Molecular Weight Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Dextrans in C3H Mice

Author:
Woting, Anni; Blaut, Michael
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; blood plasma; blood sampling; dextran; fluorescein; intestinal mucosa; jejunum; mice; molecular weight; permeability;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Protocols for intestinal permeability measurements in mice using 4-kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated (FITC) dextran differ considerably among laboratories on the blood-sampling time. To find the optimal point in time for blood sampling, we administered 4-kDa FITC dextran to C3H mice and monitored the marker in plasma over 8 h. We also determined gut-transit time using 70-kDa FITC dextran, ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10060685

12. Sub-acute and acute toxicity of Ferula asafoetida and Silybum marianum formulation and effect of the formulation on delaying gastric emptying

Author:
Illuri, Ramanaiah; Venkataramana, Sudeep Heggar; Daguet, David; Kodimule, Shyamprasad
Source:
BMC complementary and alternative medicine 2019 v.19 no.1 pp. 159
ISSN:
1472-6882
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Ferula; Silybum marianum; acute toxicity; alternative medicine; analysis of variance; body weight; computer software; data analysis; digestive system diseases; gastric emptying; histopathology; indigestion; laboratory animals; lethal dose 50; medicinal properties; oral administration; phenolsulfonphthalein; rats;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Delayed gastric emptying play an important role in the pathology of functional dyspepsia. Owing to their functional attributes in alleviating the gastrointestinal disorders, single or polyherbal formulations have gained attention to treat the symptoms of functional dyspepsia. We have investigated the safety and efficacy of a novel formulation of Ferula asafoetida oleo resin and standar ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12906-019-2576-7

13. Spasmolytic and antidiarrheal activities of Lippia thymoides (Verbenaceae) essential oil

Author:
Menezes, Pedro Modesto Nascimento; Oliveira, Henrique Ribeiro de; Brito, Mariana Coelho; Paiva, Gabriela Olinda de; Ribeiro, Luciano Augusto de Almeida; Lucchese, Angélica Maria; Silva, Fabrício Souza
Source:
Natural product research 2019 v.33 no.17 pp. 2571-2573
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Lippia; antidiarrheal effect; beta-caryophyllene; carbachol; diarrhea; essential oils; guinea pigs; histamine; ileum; inhibitory concentration 50; median effective concentration; mice; muscle contraction; parasympatholytics; potassium chloride; smooth muscle; traditional medicine;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lippia thymoides (‘alecrim-do-mato’ or ‘alecrim-do-campo’) is used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat various illnesses, including diarrhea. This work aimed to evaluate in vitro spasmolytic and in vivo antidiarrheal activities of the L. thymoides essential oil (OOS) and to correlate with the traditional use of this plant. In isolated guinea-pig ileum, OOS presented a concentration-dependent spasm ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2018.1457665

14. Effect of Royal Jelly on Mouse Isolated Ileum and Gastrointestinal Motility

Author:
Miyauchi-Wakuda, Shino; Kagota, Satomi; Maruyama-Fumoto, Kana; Wakuda, Hirokazu; Yamada, Shizuo; Shinozuka, Kazumasa
Source:
Journal of medicinal food 2019 v.22 no.8 pp. 789-796
ISSN:
1557-7600
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase; atropine; constipation; dietary supplements; enzyme inhibitors; ileum; in vivo studies; menopause; mice; models; muscarine receptors; nitric oxide synthase; oral administration; royal jelly; smooth muscle; sulfates;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Royal jelly (RJ) is widely used as a cosmetic or dietary supplement to relieve various health disorders, such as dry skin, fatigue, and menopause. RJ has been recommended to improve constipation on a commercial basis. However, the detailed mechanisms by which RJ influences intestinal motility and whether RJ improves constipation remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of RJ on the m ...
DOI:
10.1089/jmf.2018.4340

15. Preparation, partial characterization and biological activity of exopolysaccharides produced from Lactobacillus fermentum S1

Author:
Wang, Kun; Niu, Mengmeng; Song, Dawei; Song, Xuejian; Zhao, Jing; Wu, Yue; Lu, Baoxin; Niu, Guangcai
Source:
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 2019
ISSN:
1389-1723
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Escherichia coli; Lactobacillus fermentum; Staphylococcus aureus; anion exchange; antimicrobial properties; antioxidant activity; arabinose; ethanol; exopolysaccharides; foods; free radical scavengers; galactose; gel chromatography; glucose; mannose; molecular weight; temperature; turnips; China;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... A high slime-producing Lactobacillus fermentum strain (named as L. fermentum S1) was isolated from traditional fermented Fuyuan pickle, which was made of white turnip and collected from Fuyuan county, Yunnan province, China. We extracted and purified the exopolysaccharides from L. fermentum S1, and investigated their preliminary structure characteristics and biological activities. Three purified e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.07.009

16. Effect of Konjac mannan oligosaccharides on diphenoxylate-induced constipation in mice

Author:
Liu, Xiaoyan; Chen, Sai; Yan, Qiaojuan; Li, Yanxiao; Jiang, Zhengqiang
Source:
Journal of functional foods 2019 v.57 pp. 399-407
ISSN:
1756-4646
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; acetylcholinesterase; constipation; feces; functional foods; konjac mannan; lactic acid; mice; motilin; nervous system; oligosaccharides; serotonin; short chain fatty acids; small intestine; somatostatin; substance P; vasoactive intestinal peptide; villi;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... The effects of Konjac mannan oligosaccharides (KMOS) on diphenoxylate-induced constipation in mice were investigated in the present study. After administration with KMOS at 1800 mg/kg·bw, the weight and number of black feces within 24 h, and the gastrointestinal transit ratio were distinctly increased by 96.8%, 156.5% and 45.3%, respectively. Furthermore, KMOS regulated the levels of enteric nervo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.036

17. Diosmetin as a novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist with antinociceptive activity in mice

Author:
Adamante, Gabriela; de Almeida, Amanda Spring; Rigo, Flávia Karine; da Silva Silveira, Edinara; Coelho, Yanka Oliveira; De Prá, Samira Dal-Toé; Milioli, Alessandra Marcone; Camponogara, Camila; Casoti, Rosana; Bellinaso, Fernando; Desideri, Alexandre Vinhal; Santos, Mario Ferreira Conceição; Ferreira, Juliano; Oliveira, Sara Marchesan; Trevisan, Gabriela
Source:
Life sciences 2019 v.216 pp. 215-226
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Pithecoctenium crucigerum; adults; adverse effects; agonists; analgesic effect; analgesics; antagonism; antagonists; body temperature changes; calcium; capsaicin; chemical structure; citrus fruits; flavones; heat; hypersensitivity; laboratory animals; liver; males; mechanism of action; mice; models; pain; renal function; spinal cord; synaptosomes;     Show all 27 Subjects
Abstract:
... Diosmetin is an O‑methylated flavone found naturally in citrus fruit, and it was identified in Amphilophium crucigerum (L.), a plant popularly used as an analgesic. This compound had different pharmacological effects and presented a chemical structure like the flavonoid eriodyctiol that exhibited antinociceptive effects by TRPV1 antagonism. However, the possible antinociceptive effect of this comp ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.029

18. Determining gut transit rates in gilthead seabream larvae fed microdiets

Author:
Ortiz-Monís, M.A.; Mancera, J.M.; Yúfera, M.
Source:
Aquaculture 2018 v.495 pp. 523-527
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Sparus aurata; digestive tract; feeding behavior; fish larvae; food intake; hatching; image analysis; ingestion; intestines; models;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study we assessed an easy methodology for testing gut filling dynamics in early fish larvae fed on microdiets by means of image analysis. As model for this study we used gilthead seabream Sparus aurata, a species whose feeding physiology during the larval stage is well-known. Ingestion and food transit assays were carried out at different ages between 9 and 27 days after hatching (dph). Gu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.06.031

19. Assemblages A and B of Giardia duodenalis reduce enteric glial cells in the small intestine in mice

Author:
Pavanelli, MarianaFelgueira; Colli, CristianeMaria; Bezagio, RenataColtro; Góis, MarceloBiondaro; de Alcântara Nogueira de Melo, Gessilda; de Almeida Araújo, EduardoJosé; de Mello Gonçales Sant’Ana, Débora
Source:
Parasitology research 2018 v.117 no.7 pp. 2025-2033
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; Giardia lamblia; Mus musculus; albino; duodenum; euthanasia; humans; immunohistochemistry; jejunum; mice; muscles; neuroglia; neurons; parasitoses;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Infection of Giardia duodenalis is one of the most common human parasitic disease worldwide. This infection may be related to important changes in the enteric nervous system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, the intestinal muscle layer, and gastrointestinal transit in mice infected with assemblages A and B of G. duodenalis. Swiss albino mice (Mus m ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-018-5853-3

20. Gastrointestinal Transit Time, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health: Modulation by Dietary Fibers

Author:
Müller, Mattea; Canfora, Emanuel E.; Blaak, Ellen E.
Source:
Nutrients 2018 v.10 no.3
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
gastrointestinal transit,   etc   ; dietary fiber; gastric emptying; glucose; health effects assessments; homeostasis; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; nutrient uptake; obesity; risk reduction;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gastrointestinal transit time may be an important determinant of glucose homeostasis and metabolic health through effects on nutrient absorption and microbial composition, among other mechanisms. Modulation of gastrointestinal transit may be one of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial health effects of dietary fibers. These effects include improved glucose homeostasis and a reduced risk of dev ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu10030275