An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... We investigated the relationship between the concentration of nanosized fibers and the rheological and the rheo-optic behaviors of CNF suspensions containing unfibrillated fibers prepared by a wet refinement system (Water Jet System). The CNF suspensions behaved as a gel in which entropic elasticity was dominant, and the entanglement among fibers would be enhanced with the nanosized fiber volume f ...
gels, etc ; biopharmaceutical industry; biopharmaceuticals; therapeutics; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The charge heterogeneity of fusion proteins can vary dramatically compared with more traditional biopharmaceuticals like monoclonal antibodies, making the characterization of fusion proteins a challenge. A single platform method suitable for the analysis of multiple fusion proteins would reduce method development and streamline production workflows. Here, we develop a platform method to characteri ...
gels, etc ; biomimetics; energy; geometry; mechanical properties; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biomimetic composites have attracted much attention because they can provide effective approaches to achieve high toughness and stiffness with limited raw materials. Smart materials and sophisticated structures are the key factors to influence the mechanical behavior of biomimetic composites. In this work, a novel biomimetic composite was developed by introducing shear stiffening gel (SSG) into su ...
gels, etc ; chemical species; medicine; pH; temperature; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nowadays, gels are formed by small molecules self-assembling under the influence of various non-covalent interactions. They can be easily perturbed, which allows for the careful tweaking of their properties. They are kinetically confined, and following production, they usually do not demonstrate time-variable changes in material properties. When exposed to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, ...
gels, etc ; adhesion; biosensors; electrodes; energy; telemedicine; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Electronic tattoo has great potential application in mobile health. Fully conformal contact between E-tattoo and skin is critical for reliable monitoring. In this paper, we reported a substrate-free, ultra-conformable PEDOT: PSS (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene-sulfonate) E-tattoo achieved by interface energy regulation on skin. The controllable gel/dry electrode mutual transformation pro ...
gels, etc ; absorption; algorithms; cameras; foods; temperature profiles; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... As a helpful step towards the future development of a solid-state microwave system that can dynamically control microwave source parameters to deliver better heating performance, a complementary-frequency heating strategy has been developed and will be discussed here. The proposed complementary-frequency heating strategy is based on potential microwave heating uniformity enhancement through microw ...
gels, etc ; gelation; molecular dynamics; polymers; porosity; solvents; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Polymer with amphiphilic repeating units bathed in the mixed binary solvent can exhibit fibrillar formation and gelation via cononsolvency effect. Mechanism of gelation will be highly dependent on the solvent’s interactions and morphology of the resulting fibrillar gel can be fine-tuned by changing binary solvent composition. Amphiphilic homopolymers dissolved in a mixture of two solvents with dif ...
gels, etc ; crosslinking; depolymerization; methyl ethers; polymerization; polymethylmethacrylate; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The ability to reverse controlled radical polymerization and regenerate the monomer would be highly beneficial for both fundamental research and applications, yet this has remained very challenging to achieve. Herein, we report a near-quantitative (up to 92%) and catalyst-free depolymerization of various linear, bulky, cross-linked, and functional polymethacrylates made by reversible addition–frag ...
gels, etc ; collagen; direct contact; energy; strength (mechanics); Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mechanical shock tolerance is of significance in developing high-performance e-skins. Herein, we report mechanical shock tolerable (MST) e-skins that spontaneously mimic the protection and sensing functions of natural skin. The MST e-skin was prepared using the conductive collagen fiber sponge (CFS) embedded with the elastic non-Newtonian gel (ENG). The MST e-skin is soft under relaxing conditions ...
gels, etc ; adsorbents; adsorption; citrates; environment; pH; tanneries; wastewater; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Montmorillonite-based porous adsorbent prepared by gel casting method was used to adsorb Cr(III)-organic complexes in tanning wastewater,together with the initial concentration of 10 mg L⁻¹. The as-porous adsorbent exhibited an excellent performance of separation. Meanwhile, its structural and morphology were characterized by TG, BET, XRD, SEM, EDS and XPS, showing that the porous adsorbent was co ...
gels, etc ; brittleness; microstructure; oxidation; plastic deformation; temperature; wettability; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The use of ceramic–metal laminated composites is an efficient way to improve the toughness of brittle ceramics. Uniform multilayered Al₂O₃–Ni laminated composites were prepared through a combined method of gel casting and hot pressing, which is less cumbersome than the traditional sequential lamination method. The wettability, diffusion and chemical reaction between Al₂O₃ and Ni were controlled th ...
gels, etc ; carbon; contact angle; foams; humans; hydrophobicity; polyurethanes; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Herein, a multifunctional polyurethane (PU) composite foam with a hierarchical structure is fabricated by dip-coating a carbon nanotube/shear-thickening gel (CNT/STG) and spray-coating nano-SiO₂/STG on PU foam. The prepared nano-SiO₂/CNT/STG@PU (SCS@PU) composite foam is lightweight, highly compressive, electrically conductive, superhydrophobic, and impact-energy absorptive. As a result, it posses ...
gels, etc ; calcium; colorimetry; detection limit; fluorescence; fluorometry; wavelengths; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... A novel acylhydrazone derivative B3 was designed and synthesized as a multichannel chemosensor. B3 formed stable gels with several organic solvents and aqueous THF (THF:H₂O = 4:1, v/v); good aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effects were observed, and each gel exhibited fluorescence. As a chemosensor, B3 detected F⁻ selectively and sensitively via both colorimetric and fluorometric responses with ...
gels, etc ; crosslinking; polydimethylsiloxane; polyethylene glycol; polyurethanes; ultraviolet radiation; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Covalent adaptive networks combine the advantages of cross-linked elastomers and dynamic bonding in a single system. In this work, we demonstrate a simple one-pot method to prepare thiol–ene elastomers that exhibit reversible photoinduced switching from an elastomeric gel to fluid state. This behavior can be generalized to thiol–ene cross-linked elastomers composed of different backbone chemistrie ...
gels, etc ; electrolytes; energy conversion; models; nanopores; zeta potential; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Performance of charged nanoporous membranes in ion separations and electrokinetic energy conversion is controlled by their surface-charge density. This (or related such as zeta-potential) parameter has often been obtained from measurements of pressure-induced electric potential typically referred to as streaming potential. However, with nanoporous membranes in dilute electrolyte solutions, determi ...
gels, etc ; convection; crystallization; evaporation; fetal bovine serum; temperature; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The desiccation of biofluid droplets leads to the formation of complex deposits which are morphologically affected by the environmental conditions, such as temperature. In this work, we examine the effect of substrate temperatures between 20 and 40 °C on the desiccation deposits of fetal bovine serum (FBS) droplets. The final dried deposits consist of different zones: a peripheral protein ring, a ...
gels, etc ; environmental impact; green chemistry; porous media; silica; wastes; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... To answer questions surrounding the sustainability of silica production, MilliporeSigma’s DOZN 2.0 Green Chemistry Evaluator was employed as it provides quantitative values based on the 12 principles of Green Chemistry. As a first study using DOZN 2.0 to evaluate the greenness of nanomaterials, a range of silica types were considered and their greenness scores compared. These included low- and hig ...
gels, etc ; ammonium; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; biofilm; biomass; nitrogen; technology; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process was proposed as the most promising nitrogen removal process. Biofilm carriers were demonstrated to effectively enhance the anaerobic ammonium oxidating bacteria (AnAOB) retention. This paper reviews the effect of carrier properties on the AnAOB biofilm development according to the biofilm development process and the application state-of-art of thr ...
gels, etc ; brittleness; dimerization; gel strength; liquids; sodium alginate; texture; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Detailed alginate molecular structural factors that modulated the texture of liquid core alginate beads were investigated. Under the same CaCl₂ concentration and contacting time, a higher bursting force can be generated from both high Mw and low M/G alginate beads. G-block took part in faster dimerization, producing a compact gel network and long chains providing an elastic response generated by i ...
gels, etc ; adsorption; antipsychotics; desorption; dynamic models; environment; sediments; toxicology; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dynamic processes of organic contaminants in sediments can have important toxicological implications in aquatic systems. The current study used diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) devices in sandy sediments spiked with nine antipsychotics and in field sandy sediments. Samplers were deployed for 1 to 30 days to determine the flux of these compounds to DGT devices and the exchange rates between ...