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1. Frictional effect of bottom wall on granular flow through an aperture on a conveyor belt

Author:
Zhu, Hong-Wei; Shi, Qing-Fan; Li, Liang-Sheng; Yang, Mingcheng; Xu, Aiguo; Zheng, Ning
Source:
Powder technology 2020 v.367 pp. 421-426
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; friction; industry;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Horizontal flow of discrete objects through a bottleneck is prevalent and important in nature and industry. In this paper, we experimentally investigate the frictional effect of the bottom wall on the flow rate of granular particles passing through an aperture on a conveyor belt, since the bottom wall is always assumed to be trivial and the issue remains elusive. The flow rate monotonically increa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.03.067

2. High shear seeded granulation: Its preparation mechanism, formulation, process, evaluation, and mathematical simulation

Author:
Maharjan, Ravi; Jeong, Seong Hoon
Source:
Powder technology 2020 v.366 pp. 667-688
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; fluid mechanics; models;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seeded granulation is one of the recently adopted wet granulation techniques. The seeded granules consist of high-density core nuclei and low-density particles layered on the outside. It depends on various process and formulation factors. The mechanism of granule formation will be clarified and the methods to predict the suitable conditions for the optimum granules. Moreover, measurement tools and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.03.020

3. Correction to: Use of cork granules as an effective sustainable material to clean-up spills of crude oil and derivatives

Author:
Todescato, Diego; Hackbarth, Fabíola V.; Carvalho, Pedro J.; Ulson de Souza, Antônio A.; Ulson de Souza, Selene M. A. G.; Boaventura, Rui A.R.; Granato, Miguel A.; Vilar, Vítor J. P.
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2020 v.27 no.1 pp. 379
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; cork; petroleum;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The original publication of this paper contains a mistake. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-019-07409-8

4. Competing Protein-RNA Interaction Networks Control Multiphase Intracellular Organization

Author:
Sanders, David W.; Kedersha, Nancy; Lee, Daniel S.W.; Strom, Amy R.; Drake, Victoria; Riback, Joshua A.; Bracha, Dan; Eeftens, Jorine M.; Iwanicki, Allana; Wang, Alicia; Wei, Ming-Tzo; Whitney, Gena; Lyons, Shawn M.; Anderson, Paul; Jacobs, William M.; Ivanov, Pavel; Brangwynne, Clifford P.
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.2 pp. 306-324.e28
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
cytoplasmic granules,   etc   ; RNA; condensates; humans; proteins; separation;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) mediates formation of membraneless condensates such as those associated with RNA processing, but the rules that dictate their assembly, substructure, and coexistence with other liquid-like compartments remain elusive. Here, we address the biophysical mechanism of this multiphase organization using quantitative reconstitution of cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.050

5. Networking and Dynamic Switches in Biological Condensates

Author:
Deniz, Ashok A.
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.2 pp. 228-230
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
cytoplasmic granules,   etc   ; condensates; mathematical theory; models; separation;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cellular liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) plays a key role in the dynamics and function of RNA-protein condensates like stress granules. In this issue of Cell, Yang et al., Guillén-Boixet et al., and Sanders et al. use a combination of experiment and modeling to provide an exciting mechanistic insight into the relationship between stress granules and LLPS, for example, in the context of prote ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.056

6. Granules abrasion cause deterioration of nitritation in a mainstream granular sludge reactor with high loading rate

Author:
Liu, Wenru; Yin, Fangfang; Yang, Dianhai
Source:
Chemosphere 2020 v.243 pp. 125433
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; air; biomass; nitrification; shear stress; sludge;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biomass detachment generally occurred in granular sludge systems. However, little is known about the influence of biomass detachment on the granules performing nitritation. Here, a granular sludge reactor with high loading rates (6.8 ± 0.4 kg N·m⁻³·d⁻¹) was achieved at mainstream conditions. Though the low ratio control strategy was maintained, the deterioration of nitritation performance was obse ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125433

7. Impact of cycle type on aerobic granular sludge formation, stability, removal mechanisms and system performance

Author:
Rollemberg, Silvio Luiz de Sousa; Ferreira, Tasso Jorge Tavares; Firmino, Paulo Igor Milen; dos Santos, André Bezerra
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2020 v.256 pp. 109970
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; biomass; denitrification; nutrients; pollutants; sludge;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper aimed to assess the impact of the cycle type on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) formation, stability and system performance. Six AGS reactors were operated either on A/O cycles (anaerobic followed by oxic phase) or A/O/A cycles (anaerobic, followed by oxic and anoxic phases), changing only the phase time distribution. Reactors with high percentage of aerobic phase (65% of the total cycle ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109970

8. Comparing the nitrogen removal performance and microbial communities of flocs-granules hybrid and granule-based CANON systems

Author:
Li, Bolin; Wang, Yue; Li, Xiang; Zhang, Zhi; Wang, Heng; Li, Ye; Wu, Li; Li, Jiangtao
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.703 pp. 134949
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; ammonium; denitrifying bacteria; microbial communities; nitrogen;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Flocs and granules tend to coexist in a single reactor. Granules can improve microbial retention capacity, however, the role of flocs in the CANON reactor remains unclear. The changes in the nitrogen removal performance and microbial communities between flocs-granules hybrid and granule-based systems were studied in this experiment. With a reduction in the flocs ratio (35% → 10%), the nitrogen rem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134949

9. Gelatinization dynamics of starch in dependence of its lamellar structure, crystalline polymorphs and amylose content

Author:
Xu, Jinchuan; Blennow, Andreas; Li, Xiaoxi; Chen, Ling; Liu, Xingxun
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2020 v.229 pp. 115481
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
starch granules,   etc   ; amylose; gelatinization; heat; temperature;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Structural dynamics of starch granules selected for different amylose content and crystalline type were analysed in excess water upon heating observed in-situ using SAXS and WAXS. The results showed that NMS and MBS exhibited higher degree of lamellar order than HAM. The peak width at half-maximum (FWHM) of HAM and NMS increased with temperature, demonstrating a gradual radial swelling of the lame ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115481

10. Mechanisms and Regulation of RNA Condensation in RNP Granule Formation

Author:
Tauber, Devin; Tauber, Gabriel; Parker, Roy
Source:
Trends in biochemical sciences 2020
ISSN:
0968-0004
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; RNA; memory; metabolism; ribonucleoproteins; thermodynamics;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are RNA–protein assemblies that are involved in multiple aspects of RNA metabolism and are linked to memory, development, and disease. Some RNP granules form, in part, through the formation of intermolecular RNA–RNA interactions. In vitro, such trans RNA condensation occurs readily, suggesting that cells require mechanisms to modulate RNA-based condensation. We ass ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2020.05.002

11. G3BP1 Is a Tunable Switch that Triggers Phase Separation to Assemble Stress Granules

Author:
Yang, Peiguo; Mathieu, Cécile; Kolaitis, Regina-Maria; Zhang, Peipei; Messing, James; Yurtsever, Ugur; Yang, Zemin; Wu, Jinjun; Li, Yuxin; Pan, Qingfei; Yu, Jiyang; Martin, Erik W.; Mittag, Tanja; Kim, Hong Joo; Taylor, J. Paul
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.2 pp. 325-345.e28
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
cytoplasmic granules; granules,   etc   ; RNA; eukaryotic cells; phosphorylation; ribonucleoproteins; separation; stress response;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The mechanisms underlying ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granule assembly, including the basis for establishing and maintaining RNP granules with distinct composition, are unknown. One prominent type of RNP granule is the stress granule (SG), a dynamic and reversible cytoplasmic assembly formed in eukaryotic cells in response to stress. Here, we show that SGs assemble through liquid-liquid phase separati ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.046

12. Pasting, rheology, and fine structure of starch for waxy rice powder with high-temperature baking

Author:
Lu, Xiaoxue; Xu, Rui; Zhan, Jinling; Chen, Long; Jin, Zhengyu; Tian, Yaoqi
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2020 v.146 pp. 620-626
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
granules; starch granules,   etc   ; baking; glutinous rice; leaching; pasting properties; rheology; temperature; viscosity;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The pasting and rheological properties of waxy rice powder (WRP) with high-temperature baking (140–180 °C) and the fine structure of its starch were investigated. Rapid visco-analysis showed that the viscosity and breakdown value of baked WRP decreased obviously compared to its native counterpart, and this trend was greatly increased under higher temperature. Rheological analysis indicated that th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.008

13. Phase Separation in Regulation of Aggrephagy

Author:
Sun, Daxiao; Wu, Rongbo; Li, Pilong; Yu, Li
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2020 v.432 no.1 pp. 160-169
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
cytoplasmic granules; granules,   etc   ; autophagy; condensates; human diseases; protein aggregates; receptors; separation;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The selective degradation of protein aggregates is called aggrephagy. Misfolded proteins are thought to form aggregates, which are then surrounded by selective autophagy receptors and targeted to autophagosomes for degradation. Recent studies of p62 bodies, PGL granules, and stress granules indicate that proteins targeted for aggrephagy are not simple protein aggregates but rather form liquid-like ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2019.06.026

14. Translating Material Science into Biological Function

Author:
Vernon, Robert M.; Forman-Kay, Julie D.
Source:
Molecular cell 2019 v.75 no.1 pp. 1-2
ISSN:
1097-2765
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; ribonucleoproteins; separation;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this issue of Molecular Cell, Simon et al. (2019) demonstrate that phase separation of an engineered intrinsically disordered protein can be used to control in vitro translation via the formation of artificial ribonucleoprotein granules. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2019.06.021

15. Effect of process conditions and amylose/amylopectin ratio on the pasting behavior of maize starch: A modeling approach

Author:
Karakelle, Burcu; Kian-Pour, Nasim; Toker, Omer Said; Palabiyik, Ibrahim
Source:
Journal of cereal science 2020 v.94 pp. 102998
ISSN:
0733-5210
Subject:
starch granules,   etc   ; amylopectin; amylose; corn starch; models; pasting properties; viscosity;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The effects of different process conditions on the pasting behavior of the 14%, w/w suspensions of high amylose, waxy and normal maize starches at mixing speeds of 50, 160 and 250 rpm with the heating rates of 2.5, 5 and 10 °C/min were investigated. In addition, the impact of the starch mixture with an amylose-amylopectin ratio of 0–70% at 160 rpm and a heating rate of 5 °C/min on the pasting para ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcs.2020.102998

16. Evolutionary innovations in starch metabolism

Author:
Abt, Melanie R; Zeeman, Samuel C
Source:
Current opinion in plant biology 2020 v.55 pp. 109-117
ISSN:
1369-5266
Subject:
starch granules,   etc   ; amylopectin; amylose; biosynthesis; enzymes; polymers; proteins;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The traditional view of starch metabolism has focused on the multiplicity of enzymes and enzyme isoforms contributing to the production of the constituent polymers, amylopectin and amylose. However, knowledge of these enzymes has not provided a full insight into many aspects of starch biosynthesis. This enzyme-centered view has recently been augmented by the discovery and characterization of novel ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pbi.2020.03.001

17. Measuring segregation characteristics of industrially relevant granular mixtures: Part I – A continuum model approach

Author:
Fry, Alexander M.; Vidyapati, Vidya; Hecht, John P.; Umbanhowar, Paul B.; Ottino, Julio M.; Lueptow, Richard M.
Source:
Powder technology 2020 v.368 pp. 190-201
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; diffusivity; empirical research; mixtures; particle physics; simulation models;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We present a method to estimate the segregation parameter, S, a key input in a continuum transport model of particulate flows. S is determined by minimizing the difference between measured and model-predicted concentration profiles. To validate the approach, we conduct discrete element method simulations of size-bidisperse mixtures in quasi-2D bounded heap flow; the resulting data show that S calc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.04.045

18. A comparison of liquid binders for drum granulation of biochar powder

Author:
Briens, Lauren; Bowden-Green, Breanna
Source:
Powder technology 2020 v.367 pp. 487-496
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; ammonium nitrate; biochar; liquids; methylcellulose; molasses; soil amendments;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wet drum granulation of biochar using binder solutions of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, molasses and ammonium nitrate was investigated to compare granule characteristics to better understand how liquid binder solution affects the granulation of biochar into a soil amendment. The biochar granules were free flowing and approximately spherical with a significant yield between a size range of 1 to 4  ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.03.065

19. Particle comminution defines megaflood and superflood energetics

Author:
Carling, Paul A.; Fan, Xuanmei
Source:
Earth-science reviews 2020 v.204 pp. 103087
ISSN:
0012-8252
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; energy expenditure; floods; gravel; particle size distribution; sediment deposition;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The concept of ‘megafloods’ and ‘superfloods’ was introduced at the end of the last century to define exceptionally large-discharge floods, primarily those associated with the failure of Quaternary ice-dams. These floods exceeded, by one or two magnitudes, historically recorded floods, megafloods having peak discharges equalling, or exceeding, 1 M m³ s⁻¹. Herein, the sediment associations of excep ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103087

20. Dependency of single-particle crushing patterns on discretization using peridynamics

Author:
Wan, Ji; Chen, Zhuang; Chu, Xihua; Liu, Hui
Source:
Powder technology 2020 v.366 pp. 689-700
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
granules,   etc   ; crushing; fluid mechanics; particles; simulation models; theoretical models;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Accurate simulation of the single-particle breakage plays an essential role in studying and understanding the behavior of crushable granular materials. Peridynamics has a significant advantage in the simulation of particle breakage owing to its treatment of discontinuities and fractures. This work simulates the single-particle breakage by peridynamics. The particle breakage patterns and the force- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2020.03.021