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1. Alpha particle autoradiography for high spatial resolution mapping of radionuclides

Author:
Kalnins, Christopher A.G.; Spooner, Nigel A.; Clarke, Michael J.P.; Ottaway, David
Source:
Journal of environmental radioactivity 2019 v.197 pp. 9-15
ISSN:
0265-931X
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; autoradiography; emulsions; filters; image analysis; radioactivity; radionuclides; viability;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... An autoradiographic technique capable of determining the spatial location of radioactive isotopes within materials on the scale of micrometers is demonstrated in low-activity mineral samples, where the concentrations of radionuclides with short half lives is small and below the detection limits of current measurement techniques. The location of certain radionuclide species within samples with comp ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.11.008

2. Biodegradability and mechanism of florfenicol via Chlorella sp. UTEX1602 and L38: Experimental study

Author:
Song, Chunfeng; Wei, Yanling; Qiu, Yiting; Qi, Yu; Li, Yang; Kitamura, Yutaka
Source:
Bioresource technology 2019 v.272 pp. 529-534
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; Chlorella; biodegradability; biodegradation; florfenicol; kinetics; microalgae;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, florfenicol removal via two kinds Chlorella sp. (UTEX1602 and L38) was investigated. The experimental results indicated that FF could be removed by biodegradation associated with microalgae growth. Compared to Chlorella sp. UTEX1602, L38 had a good self-adjustment capacity at the condition of high initial FF concentration. The biodegradation of FF followed the first order kinetic mod ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.080

3. Toward Full Zigzag-Edged Nanographenes: peri-Tetracene and Its Corresponding Circumanthracene

Author:
Ajayakumar, M. R.; Fu, Yubin; Ma, Ji; Hennersdorf, Felix; Komber, Hartmut; Weigand, Jan J.; Alfonsov, Alexey; Popov, Alexey A.; Berger, Reinhard; Liu, Junzhi; Müllen, Klaus; Feng, Xinliang
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2018 v.140 no.20 pp. 6240-6244
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; electrochemistry; electronics; energy;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Zigzag-edged nanographene with two rows of fused linear acenes, called as n-peri-acene (n-PA), is considered as a potential building unit in the arena of organic electronics. n-PAs with four (peri-tetracene, 4-PA), five (peri-pentacene, 5-PA) or more benzene rings in a row have been predicted to show open-shell character, which would be attractive for the development of unprecedented molecular spi ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.8b03711

4. Variation in the biological half-life of methylmercury in humans: Methods, measurements and meaning

Author:
Rand, Matthew D.; Caito, Samuel W.
Source:
Biochimica et biophysica acta 2019
ISSN:
0304-4165
Subject:
biological half-life; half life,   etc   ; United States Environmental Protection Agency; children; dosimetry; fish; humans; mercury; methylmercury compounds; pregnant women; risk assessment process; seafood consumption; surveys; toxicity; toxicology; uncertainty;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity requires a complete understanding of its fundamental toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic characteristics in the human body. The biological half-life (t1/2) of MeHg is a kinetic property that directly influences the body burden of Hg that results from repeated exposures such as can occur with fish and seafood consumption. The t1/2 of MeHg in humans is approxi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.02.003

5. Photo-transformation of aqueous nitroguanidine and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one: Emerging munitions compounds

Author:
Becher, Julie B.; Beal, Samuel A.; Taylor, Susan; Dontsova, Katerina; Wilcox, Dean E.
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.228 pp. 418-426
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; ammonium; aqueous solutions; ecotoxicology; nitrates; nitrites; pH; photolysis; ultraviolet radiation; urea; water solubility; wavelengths;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two major components of insensitive munition formulations, nitroguanidine (NQ) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), are highly water soluble and therefore likely to photo-transform while in solution in the environment. The ecotoxicities of NQ and NTO solutions are known to increase with UV exposure, but a detailed accounting of aqueous degradation rates, products, and pathways under different ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.131

6. Effects of crystallisation of native phytosterols and monoacylglycerols on foaming properties of whipped oleogels

Author:
Truong, Tuyen; Prakash, Sangeeta; Bhandari, Bhesh
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.285 pp. 86-93
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; air; bubbles; crystallization; crystals; foaming properties; foams; microstructure; monoacylglycerols; oils; phytosterols; rheology; whipping;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Different formulations and crystallising conditions were employed to vary the bulk phase structuring of oleogels. The oleogels were formed only at monoacylglycerol:native phytosterol (MAG:NPS) ratios of 10:0, 7:3 and 5:5. NPS co-crystallised with MAG in the oleogel mixtures and influenced the growth of lipidic crystal network. Faster cooling rates caused smaller crystals whereas thermal history af ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.134

7. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pergolide mesylate after oral administration in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction

Author:
Rendle, D.I.; Doran, G.; Ireland, J.; Edwards, S.
Source:
Domestic animal endocrinology 2019 v.68 pp. 135-141
ISSN:
0739-7240
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; corticotropin; drugs; horses; oral administration; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; thyrotropin-releasing hormone;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Published information on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of pergolide is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral pergolide in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). The study design was a nonrandomized clinical trial. Six horses with PPID diagnosed by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.01.008

8. Revealing the biodiversity and the response of pathogen to a combined use of procymidone and thiamethoxam in tomatoes

Author:
Lin, Shaohua; Han, Yingyan; Jiangyuan, Chunzi; Luo, Yunbo; Xu, Wentao; Luo, Hongxia; Pang, Guofang
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.284 pp. 73-79
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; Bacteroidetes; Cyanobacteria; Proteobacteria; biodiversity; maximum residue limits; monitoring; pathogens; procymidone; thiamethoxam; tomatoes;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The dissipation kinetics of a combined use of procymidone and thiamethoxam, and their impact on the biodiversity and pathogen on surface of tomatoes were studied. The half-lives of procymidone and thiamethoxam, used either on their own or in combination with each other, were 2.94 or 3.26 days and 2.41 or 2.67 days, respectively. The residues dropped below the maximum residue limit (MRL) after 7 or ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.094

9. Calcium and sodium ions synergistically enhance the thermostability of a maltooligosaccharide-forming amylase from Bacillus stearothermophilus STB04

Author:
Pan, Sihui; Gu, Zhengbiao; Ding, Ning; Zhang, Ziqian; Chen, Dianning; Li, Caiming; Hong, Yan; Cheng, Li; Li, Zhaofeng
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.283 pp. 170-176
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; Geobacillus stearothermophilus; amylases; calcium; food industry; industrial applications; ions; sodium; starch; thermal stability;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Maltooligosaccharide-forming amylases (MFAses) are promising tools for a variety of food industry applications because of their ability to hydrolyze starch into maltooligosaccharides. However, high thermostability is a key requirement for enzymes used in these applications. In this work, we investigated the effect of Ca2+ and Na+ on the thermostability of an MFAse from Bacillus stearothermophilus ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.023

10. Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin following intramuscular administration at different doses in sheep

Author:
Altan, Feray; Corum, Orhan; Durna Corum, Duygu; Altan, Semih; Uney, Kamil
Source:
Small ruminant research 2019 v.174 pp. 88-91
ISSN:
0921-4488
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; bacteria; high performance liquid chromatography; intramuscular injection; marbofloxacin; pathogens; pharmacokinetics; sheep;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin (MBX) was determined following the intramuscular administration at the doses of 2, 4, 6, and 10 mg/kg in twenty-four healthy sheep. In parallel design, sheep were randomized to 2, 4, 6, and 10 mg/kg dose groups of six animals per group. High performance liquid chromatography method for determination of MBX in sheep plasma was used. Pharmacokinetic parameters w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.03.016

11. Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously administered hydromorphone in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans)

Author:
Hawkins, Shawna J.; Cox, Sherry; Yaw, Taylor J.; Sladky, Kurt
Source:
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia 2019 v.46 no.3 pp. 352-359
ISSN:
1467-2987
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; Pogona vitticeps; Trachemys scripta elegans; adults; blood; caudal vein; head; pharmacokinetics; scapula; sedation; turtles;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... To determine pharmacokinetic dosing strategy in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) based on two subcutaneously (SC) administered doses of hydromorphone (0.5 and 1.0 mg kg−1).Randomized crossover study.Six healthy adult bearded dragons, seven healthy adult red-eared slider turtles.Hydromorphone (0.5 and 1.0 mg kg−1; 2 mg mL−1) was administered SC do ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaa.2018.12.002

12. The course of plasma cortisol concentration after three different doses of ketamine in xylazine-premedicated calves

Author:
Steckeler, Patricia; Fux, Daniela; Metzner, Moritz; Knubben, Gabriela; Rieger, Anna; Baumgartner, Christine
Source:
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia 2019 v.46 no.3 pp. 335-343
ISSN:
1467-2987
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; blood sampling; blood serum; calves; cortisol; crossbreds; intravenous injection; ketamine; pain; pharmacokinetics; xylazine;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... To investigate the influence of ketamine on plasma cortisol concentration (PCC) in calves.Prospective, randomized experimental study.A total of 41 healthy, predominantly cross-bred calves, aged 3–4 months.Calves were premedicated with intramuscular xylazine (0.2 mg kg–1) and randomly divided into four groups. The control group (CONT) received saline (after 10, 20 and 30 minutes), whereas groups K1 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaa.2018.11.005

13. Oxidation of methylparaben (MeP) and p‑hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA) by manganese dioxide (MnO2) and effects of iodide: Efficiency, products, and toxicity

Author:
Li, Juan; Jiang, Jin; Pang, Su–Yan; Sun, Shaofang; Wang, Lihong; Zhou, Yang; Wang, Zhen; Gao, Yuan
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.661 pp. 670-677
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; 4-hydroxybenzoic acid; ecotoxicology; estrogenic properties; manganese dioxide; metabolites; methylparaben; oxidation; pH; toxicity;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... It is reported that methylparaben (MeP, a widely used phenolic preservative) and its major metabolite p‑hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA) display estrogenic activity and are frequently detected in various environmental settings. Naturally occurring manganese dioxide (MnO2) plays an important role in attenuation of contaminants released into the environment, and the presence of iodide (I−) may affect the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.090

14. Color stability of fruit yogurt during storage

Author:
Ścibisz, Iwona; Ziarno, Małgorzata; Mitek, Marta
Source:
Journal of food science and technology 2019 v.56 no.4 pp. 1997-2009
ISSN:
0022-1155
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; Prunus cerasus; blueberries; color; delphinidin; fruits; mixing; petunidin; refrigeration; storage time; strawberries; yogurt;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This article describes the evaluation of the anthocyanins stability in yogurts with strawberry, sour cherry, and blueberry fruit preparation during 8-week storage period under refrigerated condition. The differences in anthocyanin degradation rate and color changes between stirred yogurts and fruit-on-the-bottom yogurts (fruit preparation was on-the-bottom of package) were compared. Anthocyanin co ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13197-019-03668-y

15. Comparative study of dechlorane plus (DP) in adult chickens and developing embryos: Stereo-selective bioaccumulation of DP in chickens

Author:
Li, Zong-Rui; Luo, Xiao-Jun; Luo, Yuan-Lai; Zeng, Yan-Hong; Mai, Bi-Xian
Source:
Environmental pollution 2019 v.247 pp. 550-555
ISSN:
0269-7491
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; absorption; adults; bioaccumulation; biotransformation; chick embryos; eggs; excretion; hens; isomers; metabolism; metabolites;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although isomer-specific bioaccumulation of dechlorane plus (DP) has been addressed in many studies, it remains unclear which factors determine this process and whether biotransformation of DP occurs in organisms. Comparative experiments were conducted in both in vivo and in ovo incubation using hens and eggs to identify the dominant factors determining the bioaccumulation of DP. Hens and fertiliz ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.092

16. Long-term Investigations of 134Cs and 137Cs Activity Concentrations in Honey from Croatia

Author:
Franić, Zdenko; Branica, Gina
Source:
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2019 v.102 no.4 pp. 462-467
ISSN:
0007-4861
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; accidents; cesium; chestnut honey; detection limit; humans; radionuclides; Croatia;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper presents the results of long-term post-Chernobyl investigations of ¹³⁴Cs and ¹³⁷Cs activity concentrations in multifloral and chestnut honey sampled in northwest Croatia. For both radionuclides, the activity concentrations peaked in May 1986, decreasing exponentially until the mid-1990 s, when they fell under the detection limit for both radionuclides. After the Fukushima-Daiichi accide ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00128-019-02571-8

17. Oily sludge biodegradation using a new two-phase composting method: Kinetics studies and effect of aeration rate and mode

Author:
Koolivand, Ali; Godini, Kazem; Saeedi, Reza; Abtahi, Hamid; Ghamari, Farhad
Source:
Process biochemistry 2019 v.79 pp. 127-134
ISSN:
1359-5113
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; Bacillus (bacteria); Proteus; Pseudomonas; Staphylococcus; aeration; bacteria; biodegradation; bioreactors; bioremediation; composting; hydrocarbons; petroleum; sludge;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this research, the impact of active and passive aeration on the performance of a new two-phase composting process for biodegradation of storage tank oily sludge (STOS) was evaluated. The hyphenated method consisted of primary-stage composting (PSC) including three windrow piles and secondary-stage composting (SSC) including four in-vessel bioreactors. Various turning and aeration rates were tes ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.procbio.2018.12.003

18. Preparation of astaxanthin mask from Phaffia rhodozyma and its evaluation

Author:
Cheng, Xin-Yi; Xiong, Yi-Jiao; Yang, Miao-Miao; Zhu, Ming-Jun
Source:
Process biochemistry 2019 v.79 pp. 195-202
ISSN:
1359-5113
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; astaxanthin; industry; markets; solvents; storage temperature; triacylglycerols; vitamin E;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... As a powerful antioxidant, astaxanthin (AST) is increasingly used in the cosmetic industry. At present, masks with natural extracts are generally accepted by consumers. This study envisaged the development of astaxanthin stock solution and astaxanthin mask using the astxanthin from Phaffia rhodozyma. The concentration and stability of astaxanthin from P. rhodozyma were evaluated in several cosmeti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.procbio.2018.12.027

19. Short communication: Repeatability of intravenous glucose tolerance test traits in young Holstein-Friesian cattle

Author:
González-Grajales, L. Antonio; Pieper, Laura; Görner, Stefan; Görner, Philipp; Staufenbiel, Rudolf
Source:
Journal of dairy science 2019 v.102 no.4 pp. 3609-3614
ISSN:
0022-0302
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; Holstein; blood; bulls; glucose; glucose tolerance tests; heifers; insulin; linear models; steers;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Few studies have compared individual variability of an intravenous glucose tolerance test (ivGTT) obtained daily in young cattle. The objective of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of glucose traits and insulin responses derived from ivGTT during 3 consecutive days in Holstein-Friesian cattle (bulls: n = 4, steers: n = 3, heifers: n = 3). Blood collections were performed from min 0 (bas ...
DOI:
10.3168/jds.2018-15617

20. Updated and validated solar irradiance reference spectra for estimating environmental photodegradation rates

Author:
Apell, Jennifer N.; McNeill, Kristopher
Source:
Environmental science 2019 v.21 no.3 pp. 427-437
ISSN:
2050-7895
Subject:
half life,   etc   ; environmental science; latitude; light intensity; models; photolysis; radiative transfer; solar radiation; spectroradiometers;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Irradiance reference spectra are used to calculate environmentally relevant photodegradation half-lives, but the currently used spectra were originally published in the 1980s with limited validation. The goal of this work is to provide updated irradiance reference spectra using the Simple Model of the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer of Sunshine (SMARTS). The SMARTS irradiance spectra were validated ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8em00478a